RESUMEN
The considerable day to day variability in some immunologic assays can obscure relationships among measures of interest and thereby complicate interpretation of findings when effect sizes are modest. Analysis of partial variance (APV) is a technique that utilizes data obtained from controls run in the laboratory on the day of each assay to control for day to day variance statistically. The application of this technique to permit detection of otherwise obscured effects for both larger and smaller samples is exemplified utilizing data from two studies in which subjects were assessed on multiple different dates. These included a study of the association of depression with in vitro immune measures in 296 adolescents and a longitudinal study of 20 spouses of patients admitted to a cardiac intensive care unit studied together with 20 matched controls. APV was most useful in analyses of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation assays, which had considerable day to day variability. In general, multivariate studies with functional immune measures may benefit most from application of this technique.
Asunto(s)
Análisis de Varianza , Técnicas Inmunológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Adolescente , Adulto , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Concanavalina A/farmacología , Depresión/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Recuento de Leucocitos , Estudios Longitudinales , Activación de Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Psiconeuroinmunología/métodos , Análisis de Regresión , Estrés Psicológico/inmunologíaAsunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Trastornos Mentales/etiología , Psiconeuroinmunología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/inmunología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/transmisión , Adolescente , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/inmunología , Animales , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/inmunología , Trastorno Depresivo/inmunología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Infecciones por VIH/transmisión , Humanos , Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida , Masculino , Trastornos Mentales/inmunología , Ratas , Factores de Riesgo , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Chronic facial pain syndromes are associated with high levels of distress and depression. Immune system measures were investigated in otherwise healthy patients suffering from chronic temporomandibular pain and dysfunction syndrome (TMPDS) and in matched controls. No mean differences were found between TMPDS patients and the controls on any of the immune measures; however, both ConA and PWM responses in TMPDS patients were decreased in relation to the level of demoralization (P less than 0.05). Cognitive symptoms such as low self-esteem and perceptions of helplessness/hopelessness were implicated in these effects. In addition, among patients pain severity was independently associated with decreased ConA response (P less than 0.05). The data suggest possible correlates of stress-induced changes in the immune system.
Asunto(s)
Dolor Facial/inmunología , Inmunidad Celular , Estrés Psicológico/inmunología , Síndrome de la Disfunción de Articulación Temporomandibular/complicaciones , Adulto , Concanavalina A/farmacología , Depresión/etiología , Dolor Facial/etiología , Dolor Facial/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Entrevista Psicológica , Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Activación de Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Subgrupos Linfocitarios , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mitógenos de Phytolacca americana/farmacología , Pruebas Psicológicas , Psiconeuroinmunología , Autoimagen , Estrés Psicológico/etiología , Síndrome de la Disfunción de Articulación Temporomandibular/inmunología , Síndrome de la Disfunción de Articulación Temporomandibular/psicologíaRESUMEN
Studies undertaken over the past ten years have demonstrated that stress and depression can induce immune alterations, including decreased numbers of immunocompetent cells and impaired lymphocyte and natural killer cell activity. Factors such as age and severity of symptomatology influence these effects. The substantial stress and depression associated with chronic pain syndromes and the evidence for opioid involvement in immunomodulation suggest that immune system changes may occur in some patients with chronic facial pain.