RESUMEN
AIMS: We evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Schimpera arabica extract and fractions (2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol). METHODS AND RESULTS: Free radical scavenging activity was estimated by using ABTS and DPPH methods, reducing power and iron chelation was studied to investigate antioxidant potential of the extracts. Well-diffusion method was utilized to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 27 compounds. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in high amount (7·6-18 mg GAE, mg g-1 ; 3·2-10·8 mg catechin, mg g-1 ) in dry plant material. CONCLUSIONS: Among all the extracts, 2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol were the major constituents of crude extract and exhibited significant antioxidant potential as well antimicrobial activity; however, all other fractions also exhibited fare degree of antioxidant potential. 93% DPPH was scavenged by 100 µg ml-1 of the ethyl acetate fraction; in ABTS assay chelation was 86·2 and 88% in ferric chloride reducing power assay. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Schimpera arabica is naturally present and used in food preparation in most Arabian nations. The characterization of S. arabica would provide an insight into its medicinal use as home remedial for bacterial infection and as antioxidant. Significant and comparable antimicrobial activity was demonstrated by both 2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol fractions. The results suggest that S. arabica contain a good amount of natural antioxidants of medicinal importance. However, further investigations are needed to characterize the further activity of 2-Hexadecen-1-ol and beta sitosterol in vivo.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Brassicaceae/química , Alcoholes Grasos/farmacología , Sitoesteroles/farmacología , Terpenos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/análisis , Alcoholes Grasos/química , Alcoholes Grasos/aislamiento & purificación , Flavonoides/análisis , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Fenoles/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Terpenos/química , Terpenos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The isolation, (1)H-NMR and revised (13)C-NMR assignments of syringaresinol-beta-D-glucoside from Cressa cretica are reported.
Asunto(s)
Convolvulaceae , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Glucósidos/química , Lignanos/química , Fitoterapia , Egipto , Humanos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Medicina Tradicional , Estructuras de las PlantasRESUMEN
Different extracts and fractions of the leaves, fruits and seeds of Zizyphus spina-christi L. grown in Egypt were investigated in vitro for their antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial activities. The flavonoids quercetin, hyperoside, rutin and quercetin-3-O-[beta-xylosyl-(1-2)-alpha-rhamnoside] 4'-O-alpha- rhamnoside) were isolated.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Rhamnaceae , Antibacterianos , Antiinfecciosos/química , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Frutas , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Hojas de la Planta , Semillas , Virus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Nineteen plants from the Republic of Panama were selected by their traditional uses in the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular, mental and feeding disorders and 149 extracts were screened using radioligand-receptor-binding assays. The methanol:dicloromethane extracts of the bark and leaves of Anacardium occidentale L., the leaves of Begonia urophylla Hook., the roots of Bocconia frutescens L., the stems and leaves of Cecropia cf.obtusifolia Bertol., the branches of Clusia coclensis Standl., the bark of Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.)Spreng., the roots of Dimerocostus strobilaceus Kuntze, the bark of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., the leaves of Persea americana Mill. and the branches of Witheringia solanaceae L'Her. inhibited the [3H]-AT II binding (angiotensin II AT1 receptor) more than 50%. Only extracts of the roots of Dimerocostus strobilaceus Kuntze and the stems of Psychotria elata (Sw.) Hammel were potent inhibitors of the [3H] NPY binding (neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor) more than 50% and the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Cecropia cf. obtusifolia Bertol., the leaves of Hedyosmum bonplandianum H.B.K., the roots of Bocconia frutescens L., the stem of Cecropia cf. obtusifolia Bertol. and the branches of Psychotria elata (Sw.) Hammel showed high inhibition of the [3H] BQ-123 binding (endothelin-1 ET(A) receptor) in a preliminary screening. These results promote the further investigation of these plants using the same assays.
Asunto(s)
Péptidos Cíclicos/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales , Receptores de Angiotensina/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores de Neuropéptido Y/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional , Panamá , Ensayo de Unión Radioligante , Receptor de Angiotensina Tipo 1RESUMEN
The isolation and the complete 1H and 13C-NMR assignments of the numbing principle [N-isobutyl-6-(2-thienyl)-2E,4E-hexadienamide (1)] from Chrysanthemum morifolium are reported.
Asunto(s)
Asteraceae , Plantas Medicinales/química , Tiofenos/química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Humanos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
In addition to quercetin, hyperoside, rutin, vitexin, 2â³-O-rhamnosylvitexin, (4â³'-O-acetyl)-2â³-O-rhamno-sylvitexin, epicatechin, procyanidin B-5, proanthocyanidin A-2, procyanidin B-2 and procyanidin C-1, which were reported before in Crataegus sinaica (Rosaceae), three more flavonoids were isolated from the same plant, i.e. (+)-taxifolin, 3-O-ß-arabinopyranosyl-(+)-taxifolin and 3-0-ß-xylopyranosyl-(+)-taxifolin. The in vitro anti-HIV activity of some selected flavonoids and proanthocyanidins was evaluated. The dimeric procyanidin B2 and proanthocyanidin A2, and especially the trimeric procyanidin C1 showed some in vitro anti-HIV activity.
RESUMEN
The 80% and 70% acetone extracts from fruits and leaves of Crataegus sinaica Boiss (Rosaceae) and the ethyl acetate-, butanol-, and water-fractions obtained from these initial extracts as well as the isolated compounds, quercetin (1) (1), hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside) (2) (2), rutin (quercetin 3-O-rutinoside) (3) (2), vitexin (4) (1), rhamnosylvitexin (5) (3), monoacetylrhamnosylvitexin (6) (3), epicatechin (7) (4), procyanidin B-5 (8) (4), proanthocyanidin A-2 (9) (5), procyanidin B-2 (10) (4), and procyanidin C-1 (11) (4), were tested for their influence on the classical (CP) and alternative (AP) pathways of complement-mediated hemolysis. All extracts and fractions showed a strong anti-complementary effect in a dose-dependent way which was more pronounced on the CP than on the AP. The results indicated that the pure proanthocyanidins were active on the CP. Procyanidin C-1 and proanthocyanidin A-2 were the most active on the CP and also showed activity on AP, whereas the flavonoids isolated were generally less active. However, rutin, showed a strong activity, quercetin and rhamnosylvitexin a moderate activity on the CP. This is the first report on the chemical constituents and complement-modulating activity of C. sinaica and on the occurrence of proanthocyanidin A-2 (9) in hawthorn.