Effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbs in children with cough variant asthma: a systematic review and Meta-analysi.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbs (TCHs) as an alternative to conventional medicine (CM) in children with cough variant asthma(CVA). METHODS: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies that were published from their inceptions to March 31, 2020, were identified from the electronic databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wangfang, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Library. The primary outcome of the review was the total effective rate (TER), and the secondary outcomes were immunoglobulin E (IgE), peak expiratory flow (PEF), adverse drug reactions, and relapse rates of interventions. RESULTS: For the Meta-analysis, 13 studies involving 992 children with CVA were included. In terms of TER and IgE, the experimental interventions of TCH, when compared with the control interventions of CM, on pediatric CVA were found to be significantly effective (P < 0.0001), whereas for spirometry, PEF was not significantly improved in the TCH group (P = 0.48). The incident rates of adverse drug reaction and relapse were found to be significantly lower in the TCH group than those in the CM group (P = 0.02 and P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Compared with CM therapy, the effects of TCH therapy on pediatric CVA were significantly beneficial in terms of TER and IgE, but not for PEF, and the methodological quality of included studies was poor. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution. More randomized controlled trials with rigorous experimental methodologies are required for objectivity in the future.

Clinical therapeutic effect on bronchial asthma by the observation of skin reaction after acupoint application based on chronic disease management platform of asthma / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect on bronchial asthma between presence of skin reaction and the absence of skin reaction after acupoint application.@*METHODS@#Sixty-one patients with bronchial asthma were treated with acupoint application during the hottest periods of summer ("dog days"). The acupoints included Dingchuan (EX-B 1), Feishu (BL 13), Xinshu (BL 15), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23). The treatment was given once every 7 days, with the herbal plaster remained for 6 h each time, and 4 treatments were required totally. According to the local skin reaction after acupoint application, a skin reaction group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a non-skin reaction group (31 cases) were divided. Separately, before treatment and 1 year after treatment, using chronic disease management platform of asthma, the number of asthma attacks, the score of asthma control test (ACT) and the score of asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) were recorded online. Besides, the therapeutic effect was observed in the two groups 1 year after treatment.@*RESULTS@#One year after treatment, the number of asthma attacks was reduced as compared with that before treatment in the patients of either group (@*CONCLUSION@#In treatment of acupoint application for bronchial asthma, the clinical therapeutic effect is better in the patients with local skin reaction after acupoint application. The chronic disease management platform of asthma is convenient for online evaluation.

Effect of electroacupuncture on serum melatonin and dopamine in aged insomnia / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on aged insomnia, and explore its possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with aged insomnia were randomly divided into an EA group (30 cases) and a sham EA group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off). The patients in the EA group were treated with acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 29), Shenmen (HT 7), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Xinshu (BL 15) and Shenshu (BL 23), and EA was used at Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (GV 29), with intermittent wave, 2 Hz in frequency. In the sham EA group, the acupoints and the EA connection acupoints were the same as those in the EA group, 2-3 mm in depth, but no current was connected. The intervention was given 30 min each time, once every other day, 3 times a week for 4 weeks in the both groups. Before and after treatment, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale were used to assess sleep quality and cognitive function, and serum melatonin (MT) and dopamine (DA) levels were detected.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the total score and sub-item scores of PSQI in the EA group were lower than those before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Electroacupuncture can improve sleep quality and cognitive function in aged insomnia patients, and its mechanism may be related to regulating serum MT and DA levels.

Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels.

Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. The effects of pressure and temperature were analyzed through a face-centred central composite design. Extraction yield and the rate of extraction were found to be predominantly influenced by temperature. Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. The pectin obtained from the optimized condition was further analyzed for its physicochemical properties. The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94).

Sequential ultrasound-microwave assisted acid extraction (UMAE) of pectin from pomelo peels.

This study aims to optimize sequential ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) on pomelo peel using citric acid. The effects of pH, sonication time, microwave power and irradiation time on the yield and the degree of esterification (DE) of pectin were investigated. Under optimized conditions of pH 1.80, 27.52min sonication followed by 6.40min microwave irradiation at 643.44W, the yield and the DE value of pectin obtained was respectively at 38.00% and 56.88%. Based upon optimized UMAE condition, the pectin from microwave-ultrasound assisted extraction (MUAE), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) were studied. The yield of pectin adopting the UMAE was higher than all other techniques in the order of UMAE>MUAE>MAE>UAE. The pectin's galacturonic acid content obtained from combined extraction technique is higher than that obtained from sole extraction technique and the pectin gel produced from various techniques exhibited a pseudoplastic behaviour. The morphological structures of pectin extracted from MUAE and MAE closely resemble each other. The extracted pectin from UMAE with smaller and more regular surface differs greatly from that of UAE. This has substantiated the highest pectin yield of 36.33% from UMAE and further signified their compatibility and potentiality in pectin extraction.

Observation on the Efficacy of Acupuncture at Xinming Points plus Strong Reinforcing Manipulation in Treating Optic Atrophy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong rein-forcing mani- pulation in treating optic atrophy.Methods Forty (56 eyes) optic atrophy patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 20 cases (29 eyes) and a control group of 20 cases (27 eyes). The control group received conventional medications, and the treatment group received acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong reinforcing manipulation in addition. The visual acuity, the mean visual sensitivity (MS) of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP were recorded in the two groups before and after the treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The visual acuity, the MS of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP were significantly changed after treatment in both two groups (P<0.05). After the treatment, there were statistically significant differences in the visual acuity, the MS of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP between the two groups (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 75.0% in the treatment group versus 35.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong reinforcing manipulation is an effective method for optic atrophy.

Professor WU Xu's clinical experiences on acupuncture for acute upper abdominal pain / 中国针灸

The clinical experiences and proven cases of distinguished doctor of TCM, professor WU Xu, on acupuncture for acute upper abdominal pain is introduced. Professor WU's manipulation characteristics of acupuncture for acute upper abdominal pain, including acute cholecystitis, kidney stone, acute stomach pain, are one-hand shape but both hands in nature, moving like Tai Chi, force on the tip of needle, movement of qi mainly. The main technique posture is one-hand holding needle with middle finger for pressing, the needle is hold by thumb and index finger, and is assisted by middle finger. The special acupuncture experience of emergency is treatment according to syndrome differentiation, combination of acupuncture and moxibustion, selecting acupoint based on experience, blood-letting acupuncture therapy and so on.

Simultaneous determination of 6 active components in Chrysanthemum morifolium by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a HPLC method quantitative method for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid, 1, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside and apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A Phenomenex Gemini-NX C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was used with CH3 OH and 0.4% H3PO4 as mobile phases. The flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1), the column temperature was 25 degrees C, and the detection wavelength was set at 350 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The 6 active components were in baseline separation. The linearity of this method was good (r > or = 0.999 7), and the average recoveries were 100.6% - 102.4%, RSD < 3%. Except isochlorogenic acid A, the contents of the determined components in the steam-blanched flower heads were significantly higher than those non blanched. The contents of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid A in the steam-blanched semiopened flower heads were higher than fully opened ones by 53% and 41%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is sensitive, accurate, reliable and repeatable, which can be used for quality evaluation of Chrysanthemum.</p>

[Chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides].

AIM: To study the chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard. METHODS: Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data. RESULTS: Three anthraguinones were isolated from K. valerianoides and identified as 1, 3, 5-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6-methoxyl-anthraguinone (kaoxiadin, I), 1, 3, 6-trihydroxy-5-ethoxylmethyl-anthraguinone (II) and 1, 3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraguinone (rubiadin, III). CONCLUSION: Compound II is a new anthraguinone constituent.

Chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three anthraguinones were isolated from K. valerianoides and identified as 1, 3, 5-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6-methoxyl-anthraguinone (kaoxiadin, I), 1, 3, 6-trihydroxy-5-ethoxylmethyl-anthraguinone (II) and 1, 3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraguinone (rubiadin, III).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound II is a new anthraguinone constituent.</p>

[The chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides].

AIM: To study chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard. METHODS: Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structures was elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data. RESULTS: Two anthraquinone were isolated from Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard and identified as 1,3,5-trihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-6-methoxyl-anthraquinone (I) and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-anthraquinone (II). CONCLUSION: The compound I was found to be a novel anthraquinone constituent and II was isolated from Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard for the first time.

The chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study chemical constituents of Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structures was elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two anthraquinone were isolated from Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard and identified as 1,3,5-trihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-6-methoxyl-anthraquinone (I) and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-anthraquinone (II).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The compound I was found to be a novel anthraquinone constituent and II was isolated from Knoxia valerianoides Thorel et Pitard for the first time.</p>

[Structural identification of huperzinine C].

AIM: To study the alkaloid constituents of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev.. METHODS: Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structure was elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data. RESULTS: An alkaloid constituent was isolated from H. serrata (Thunb.) Trev.. CONCLUSION: The compound was found to be a novel lycodine type alkaloid with tricyclic structure named huperzinine C.

[Alkaloids of the hairy roots of Ipomoea batatas Lam].

AIM: To study the alkaloid constituents of the hairy roots of Ipomoea batatas Lam. METHODS: Chromatographic methods were used for isolation and purification. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral data. RESULTS: An alkaloid was isolated from the hairy roots of Ipomoea batatas. CONCLUSION: The compound is a novel indole-type alkaloid, which is named as ipomine A.

Structural identification of huperzinine C / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the alkaloid constituents of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev..</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structure was elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An alkaloid constituent was isolated from H. serrata (Thunb.) Trev..</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The compound was found to be a novel lycodine type alkaloid with tricyclic structure named huperzinine C.</p>

Alkaloids of the hairy roots of Ipomoea batatas Lam / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the alkaloid constituents of the hairy roots of Ipomoea batatas Lam.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromatographic methods were used for isolation and purification. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An alkaloid was isolated from the hairy roots of Ipomoea batatas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The compound is a novel indole-type alkaloid, which is named as ipomine A.</p>

[A novel phlegmariurine type alkaloid from Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev].

AIM: To study the alkaloid constituents of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev.. METHODS: Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structure was elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data. RESULTS: An alkaloid constituent was isolated from H. serrata (Thumb.) Trev.. CONCLUSION: The compound was found to be a novel phlegmariurine type alkaloid, named 8 beta-hydroxy phlegmariurine B.

A novel phlegmariurine type alkaloid from Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the alkaloid constituents of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev..</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification. Structure was elucidated on the basis of chemical analysis and spectroscopic data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An alkaloid constituent was isolated from H. serrata (Thumb.) Trev..</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The compound was found to be a novel phlegmariurine type alkaloid, named 8 beta-hydroxy phlegmariurine B.</p>