Pharmacognostical studies on orilaitamarai -hybanthus enneaspermus (L) f. Muell-(violaceae).

The paper deals with the detailed pharmacognosy of the whole plant of Orilaitamarai (Hybanthus enneasperms) sold in the local market under the name Purusharatna, Ratanpursuha. The studies include macro, microscopical, histochemical and diagnostic characters of the root, stem and leaf. The physical constants, fluorescence characteristics and chromatographic studies of the whole plant are also presented.

FSP95, a testis-specific 95-kilodalton fibrous sheath antigen that undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in capacitated human spermatozoa.

Protein tyrosine phosphorylation has been associated with both capacitation and motility of mammalian sperm. During capacitation, human spermatozoa undergo tyrosine phosphorylation of a characteristic set of proteins, only one of which has thus far been cloned and localized. We report here the sequence of a fibrous sheath protein of 95 kDa (FSP95) that undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation during capacitation of human spermatozoa and has similarity to sperm A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs). FSP95 is both auto- and iso-antigenic in humans as it is recognized by sera containing antisperm antibodies from infertile men and women. The 853-residue protein has a calculated molecular weight of 94.6 kDa and an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.0, and it contains multiple potential phosphorylation sites for protein kinase C and casein kinase II as well as one potential tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site at amino acid 435. The sequence has amino acid homology to mouse sperm fibrous sheath AKAP82 (pro-mAKAP82, 34% identity) and to human sperm fibrous sheath AKAP82 (pro-hAKAP82, 32% identity). The gene encoding FSP95 has 5 exons separated by 4 introns and is located on chromosome 12 at locus p13.3. Northern analysis detected a single transcript of approximately 3.0 kilobases, and Northern dot blot analysis of 50 human tissues revealed FSP95 mRNA expression only in testis. By employing sperm immobilization, indirect immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy with antisera to purified recombinant FSP95, the protein was localized to the ribs of the fibrous sheath in the principal piece of the sperm tail. FSP95 is the second fibrous sheath protein to be cloned, sequenced and localized in human spermatozoa.

Collusion and entanglement in the therapy of a patient with multiple personalities.

S.'s therapy demonstrates some of the ways in which countertransference interferes with therapy of a case presenting with multiple personalities. Fascination with S.'s alter personalities and the desire to prove their genuineness, made her therapist search for them and then repeatedly invoke their appearance. Part of the reason was his inexperience with such cases that induced him to "play it by the book," and use "personality-centered procedures" (looking for a different part, giving it a name, speaking to it, etc.) that have yet to be scientifically validated, instead of adhering to the basic principles of psychotherapy. At a deeper level, however, his excessive preoccupation with S.'s personalities was one kind of collusion with her resistance to deal with the focal issue of her sexual ambivalence. Proof of this resistance also surfaced later as a motivated shift of focus in therapy, and a weakening of the therapeutic alliance. By the time this was evident, sabotage of therapy had already occurred.

Pharmacognostical studies on the root tubers of minnikizhangu, dolichos trilobus L. (D.falcatus klein) - (fabaceae).

The pharmacognosy of root tubers of Minnikizhangu (Dolichos trilobus L) used by the trials of Kodikkarai forests. Tamil Nadu is reported in this communication.

Farmacognostical studies on the South Indian market sample of karkatasringi (kadukkaipoo) - terminalia chebul (gaertn. Leaf gall).

Pharmacognostical studies on the South Indian market sample of Karkatasringi (Terminalia chebula leaf galls) were carried out along with comparative studies on Pistacia integerima which is the accepted source of Karkatasringi. The galls of T. chebula are also known as Kadukkai Poo in Siddha system.