RESUMEN
IMPORTANCE: A novel botybirnavirus, infecting the tea plant pathogen Didymella theifolia and tentatively named Didymella theifolia botybirnavirus 1 (DtBRV1), together with an additional double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), was characterized. DtBRV1 comprises two dsRNAs (1 and 2) encapsidated in isometric virions, while dsRNA3 is a satellite. The satellite represents a unique specimen since it contains a duplicated region and has high similarity to the two botybirnavirus dsRNAs, supporting the notion that it most likely originated from a deficient genomic component. The biological characteristics of DtBRV1 were further determined. With their unique molecular traits, DtBRV1 and its related dsRNA expand our understanding of virus diversity, taxonomy, and evolution.
Asunto(s)
Ascomicetos , Camellia sinensis , Infección Latente , Virus ARN , ARN Bicatenario/genética , Filogenia , Genoma Viral , Virus ARN/genética , Ascomicetos/genética , TéRESUMEN
Plant acclimatory responses to phosphate (Pi) starvation stress include the accumulation of carbohydrates, namely sugar and starch. However, whether altered endogenous carbohydrate profile could in turn affect plant Pi starvation responses remains widely unexplored. Here, two genes encoding the large and small subunits of an ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) in rice (Oryza sativa), AGP Large Subunit 1 (AGPL1) and AGP Small Subunit 1 (AGPS1), were functionally characterized with regard to maintenance of phosphorus (P) homeostasis and regulation of Pi starvation signaling. AGPL1 and AGPS1 were both positively responsive to nitrogen (N) or Pi deprivation, and expressed in almost all the tissues except in the meristem and mature zones of root. AGPL1 and AGPS1 physically interacted in chloroplast, and catalyzed the rate-limiting step of starch biosynthesis. Low-N- (LN) and low-Pi (LP)-triggered starch accumulation in leaves was impaired in agpl1, agps1 and apgl1 agps1 mutants compared with the wild-type plants. By contrast, mutation of AGPL1 and/or AGPS1 led to an increase in the content of the major sugar, sucrose, in leaf sheath and root under control and LN conditions. Moreover, the Pi accumulation was enhanced in the mutants under control and LN conditions, but not LP conditions. Notably, the LN-induced suppression of Pi accumulation was compromised attributed to the mutation of AGPL1 and/or AGPS1. Furthermore, the increased Pi accumulation was accompanied by the specific suppression of OsSPX2 and activation of several Pi transporter genes. These results indicate that a balanced level of carbohydrates is vital for maintaining plant P homeostasis.
Asunto(s)
Glucosa-1-Fosfato Adenililtransferasa/metabolismo , Oryza/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Hidratos de Carbono/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Glucosa-1-Fosfato Adenililtransferasa/genética , Homeostasis/fisiología , Mutación , Nitrógeno/metabolismo , Oryza/genética , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente , Subunidades de Proteína , Almidón/metabolismoRESUMEN
Numerous studies have shown that the blood of cancer patients are generally in hypercoagulable statement. The aim of the present research is to study the relationships of plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) levels with clinicopathological stages (CS) and tumor markers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Baseline information, plasma Fbg levels, CS, and expression level of tumor markers were collected from medical records retrospectively. Unitary linear regression was used to analyze the relationships between continuous variables and Fbg, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationships between categorical variables and Fbg. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (Version 4) for NSCLC were adopted to evaluate CS.A total of 652 NSCLC patients were included. Compared with the females, male patients had higher mean plasma Fbg levels (Pâ<â.001). The later the N stages (Pâ=â.002), M stages (Pâ=â.002), and CS (Pâ=â.001) were, the higher the average plasma Fbg levels were. The levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (Pâ=â.001), carbohydrate antigen 125 (Pâ=â.041), and neuron-specific enolase (Pâ<â.001) were positively correlated with plasma Fbg concentration. The plasma level of Fbg in lung adenocarcinoma patients (Pâ<â.001) was the lowest, while that of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients (Pâ<â.001) was the highest in NSCLC patients.The plasma Fbg concentration is related to gender, CS, and tumor markers in patients with NSCLC.