RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: A large number of individuals have halitosis. The total amount of volatile sulfur compounds, which are the main cause of halitosis, has been correlated with periodontitis following bacterial infection. In this study, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a major periodontopathogenic bacterium, was isolated from patients with halitosis by the amplification of 16S rRNA, and the ability of isolated Pg to produce methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) was determined to clarify the relationship between halitosis and Pg infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CH3 SH concentrations were measured in patients using Oral Chroma. The production of CH3 SH by Pg standard and clinical strains was also measured in vitro. Real-time PCR was performed to compare the expression of mgl mRNA (which encoded l-methionine-a-deamino-g-mercaptomethane-lyase) among the Pg strains. The production of CH3 SH and the expression of mgl mRNA were also determined to assess the effects of oriental medicine. RESULTS: The production of CH3 SH and the expression of mgl mRNA strongly correlated with each other in the presence of l-methionine. The expression of mgl mRNA by Pg W83 was strongly inhibited by magnoliaceae. CONCLUSION: The production of CH3 SH was correlated with the expression of mgl. Furthermore, the oriental medicine, magnoliaceae, may represent a potential treatment for halitosis.
Asunto(s)
Halitosis/microbiología , Porphyromonas gingivalis/genética , Porphyromonas gingivalis/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , Compuestos de Sulfhidrilo/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Proteínas Bacterianas/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/metabolismo , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/microbiología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Femenino , Humanos , Magnoliaceae , Masculino , Metionina/metabolismo , Metionina/farmacología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodontitis/metabolismo , Periodontitis/microbiología , Porphyromonas gingivalis/aislamiento & purificación , ARN Mensajero/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Mensajero/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/métodos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
We studied the protective effect of a water extract from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia Blume on glutamate-induced neuronal death by MTT assay and its action on (45)Ca(2+) influx using cultured rat cerebellar granule cells. In a dose-dependent manner, this extract (10(-5)-10(-4) g/mL) significantly protected against glutamate-induced cell death and also inhibited glutamate-induced (45)Ca(2+) influx. These results suggest that the bark of Cinnamomum cassia has a protective effect on glutamate-induced neuronal death through the inhibition of Ca(2+) influx.
Asunto(s)
Cerebelo/efectos de los fármacos , Cinnamomum zeylanicum , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Animales , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Cerebelo/patología , Ácido Glutámico , Medicina Kampo , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/patología , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Tallos de la Planta , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
The protective effect of the extract of Uncariae ramulus et Uncus (URE) against endothelium disorder due to hypertension was investigated. We administered low (150 mg/kg/day) and high (450 mg/kg/day) doses of URE orally to spontaneously hypertensive rats for 8 weeks. Endothelium dependent vasodilatation by acetylcholine increased significantly in the high URE group compared with the control group. Endothelium dependent vasocontraction by xanthine oxidase decreased significantly in the high URE group compared with the control group. Serum NO2-/NO3- were tended to increase in the high URE group. It is suggested that URE may have a protective effect for the endothelium against the influence of hypertension.
Asunto(s)
Endotelio Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Plantas Medicinales/química , Acetilcolina/farmacología , Animales , Técnicas In Vitro , Contracción Isométrica/efectos de los fármacos , Contracción Muscular/efectos de los fármacos , Relajación Muscular/efectos de los fármacos , Nitratos/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Nitritos/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas SHR , Factores de Tiempo , Xantina Oxidasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Xantinas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
We identified four isoforms of receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (RPTPgamma) from rat brain by cDNA cloning. We designated these molecules RPTPgamma-A, -B, -C, and -S. RPTPgamma-A was the longest form and had the same structure as human and mouse RPTPgamma. RPTPgamma-B lacked the intracellular juxtamembrane 29 amino acids of RPTPgamma-A. RPTPgamma-C had a single phosphatase domain. RPTPgamma-S is an extracellular variant of RPTPgamma. mRNAs of the four isoforms were expressed in the brain, kidney, lung, and heart. Transfection of RPTPgamma-A and -S expression plasmids into COS7 cells resulted in the expression of membrane-bound 190-kDa proteins and secreted 120-kDa proteins, respectively. These molecules were similar to PTPzeta/RPTPbeta with regard not only to structure but also to the presence of both secretory and transmembrane forms. However, RPTPgamma isoforms were not expressed as proteoglycans.