Qingkailing Injection () for Treatment of Children Pneumonia Induced by Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qingkailing Injection (, QKL) for treatment of children pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing QKL with ribavirin injection in the treatment of children pneumonia induced by RSV were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Chinese VIP database, CNKI and Wanfang databases from their inception to March 2014. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.2 software. The methodological quality of the selected RCTs was evaluated by the Modified Jadad Score. The primary outcome measures were effective rate and the secondary outcomes were relief time of fever and cough.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven RCTs with 992 cases published from 2008 to 2013 were identified. The meta-analysis results indicated that QKL was more effective in cure rate [risk ratios (RR)=1.32, 95% CI (1.17, 1.50), P<0.01], total effective rate [RR=1.07, 95% CI (1.02, 1.13), P=0.009] and less fever clearance time [mean difference=-0.73, 95% CI (-1.22,-0.23), P=0.004], compared with ribavirin injection in the treatment of RSV-induced children pneumonia. No dead case was reported in all trials. There were 3 trials mentioned adverse events, 2 reported no obvious adverse event occurred while 1 reported adverse events described as skin hypersensitivity, elevation of ALT, a mild abnormal of hepatic and renal function in both QKL and ribavirin group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>QKL was an effective and relatively safe option for the treatment of RSV-induced children pneumonia. These therapeutic effects were promising but need to be interpreted with caution due to variations in the treatment and methodological weakness in the studies.</p>

Effect of Finger-acupuncture Massage on Fine Motor Functions of 40 Children with Cerebral Palsy / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the effects of finger-acupuncture massage on the fine motor functions of children with cerebral palsy. Methods40 children with cerebral palsy following diplegia were randomly divided into two groups: observation group(n=20) and control group(n=20). The control group was treated with rehabilitation training, while the observation group received finger-acupuncture massage and the rehabilitation training. All patients were assessed by Peabody Developmental Motor Scale before and after the treatment.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in fine motor between the two groups before the treatment (P>0.05). There was a significantly difference in fine motor quotient(FMQ), grasp capacity index, and capacity index of visual-motor integration both in the observation group and the control group between before and after the treatment (P<0.001). There was also a difference in fine motor quotient (FMQ), grasp capacity index, capacity index of visual-motor integration between the observation group and the control group after the treatment(P<0.05).ConclusionFinger-acupuncture massage combined with rehabilitation training can improve fine motor functions of children with cerebral palsy following diplegia.

Effect of Qingkailing injection (QKLI) on complement and RBL-2 H3 cells in virto / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Qingkailing injection (QKLI) on complement and RBL-2 H3 cells in virto.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The mixture of human serums and QKLI were incubated for 30 min in vitro and then the content of SC5 b-9 in the mixture was determined by ELISA. RBL-2 H3 cells were cultured and treated by QKLI. Beta-heosaminidase release rate was measured by coloration method. The content of histamine in supernatant was tested by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The QKLI can reduce the content of SC5 b-9 (P<0.05) and promote the release of beta-heosaminidase and histamine significantly (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QKLI didn't induce the complement activation, but induced the release of beta-heosaminidase and histamine directly. Therefore, the clinical adverse reactions of QKLI in clinic may be pseudoallergy which had no relation with the activation of complement system.</p>

Optimization of ultrahigh pressure extraction for polydatin and resveratrol from Polygonum cuspidatum by using uniform design / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To optimize the ultrahigh pressure extraction (UPE) process of polydatin and resveratrol from Polygonum cuspidatum by using uniform design.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>On the basis of single factor screening, the uniform design was adopted for getting the optimal technique parameters. The optimum result of UPE was compared with conventional extractions.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The optimal conditions of UPE for polydatin and resveratrol were that the solvent was 55% ethanol, the ratio of solvent to material( mL: g) was 30, the extraction pressure was 170 MPa, and the extraction time was 120 second. With this extracting process, the extraction yield of polydatin and resveratrol were 14.29 and 2.53 mg x g(-1), respectively. The extraction yield of polydatin was 46.1% higher than the heat reflux extraction, 6.4% higher than the ultrasonic extraction and 28.5% higher than the microwave extraction, while the yield of resveratrol was 67.5% higher than the heat reflux extraction, 29.7% higher than the ultrasonic extraction and 24.6% higher than the microwave extraction, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a novel extraction technology for Chinese herbal medicine, the UPE procedure has higher extraction yield, lower extracting temperature, shorter extacting time and less power consumption. The UPE has provided a brand-new method for extraction of polydatin and resveratrol from P. cuspidatum.</p>

Micronization of magnolia bark extract by RESS as well as dissolution and pharmacokinetics evaluation / 药学学报

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility and superiority of using rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. The extract of magnolia bark (EMB) was obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCF-CO2) extraction technology. Microparticles of EMB were manufactured by RESS technology. The effects of operating temperature and pressure on the contents of the active ingredient in the particles were evaluated by HPLC. The effect of expansion conditions on the particle size distribution of EMB particles was investigated. The smallest sample (mean size: 4.7 microm) was obtained under the RESS condition: pressure of 25 MPa, temperature of 50 degrees C and a nozzle size of 100 microm. The characteristics of microparticles were also studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image analysis. The dissolution rate study showed that microparticles had a significantly faster dissolution rate than normal material particles. After oral raw EMB suspension, the mean areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC(0-t)) of honokiol and magnolol were found to be (4.23 +/- 0.36) and (5.46 +/- 0.57) mg x h x L(-1), respectively, which were increased significantly, i.e. (5.41 +/- 0.63) and (7.24 +/- 0.83) mg x h x L(-1) when micronized EMB suspension was administered orally in SD rats (P < 0.05). Similarly, the mean maximum plasma concentrations of honokiol and magnolol increased from (1.55 +/- 0.22) and (2.35 +/- 0.14) mg x L(-1) (raw EMB) to (2.31 +/- 0.17) and (2.84 +/- 0.21) mg x L(-1) (micronized EMB), respectively. The results of t-test demonstrated that AUC(0-t) and Cmax value for honokiol and magnolol was significantly increased with the micronization compared to raw EBM (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that the RESS was applicable for preparing microparticles of EMB at low operating temperature. The process was simple, free of environment pollution and without residual solvent.

Preparation of nanopaticles of SCF-CO2 extraction of Magnolia officinalis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare nano-particles of SCF-CO2 extraction of Magnolia officinalis with rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) and optimize the preparation procedure with orthogonal experiment.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The preparation procedures were optimized by orthogonal test L9(3(4)) with the mean particle size and the amounts of total-phenol as indexes. Factors of the extraction pressure and temperature, diameter of nozzle, pre-expansion temperature were evaluated for their effects on preparation process.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The optimal preparation technology was as follows: the pressure was at 25 MPa and temperature was at 50 degrees C, the diameter of nozzle was 200 microm, the pre-expansion temperature was at 30 degrees C. The nano-particles solution was settled, of which the average particle size was 303.50 nm and the total-phenol contents was 0.091 g x L(-1), and the stability of the particle size kept well after 1 month of storage at low temperature and obturation the mean particle size.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The RESS method is applicable for preparing nanoparticles solution of SCF-CO2 extraction of M. officinalis at low operating temperature. It is simple processing, and no environmental pollution, and no residual solvent.</p>

Preparation of microparticles of SCF-CO2 extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza by RESS / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Application of rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) in preparing micropaticles of SCF-CO2 extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The mixture which was composed of beta-cyclodextrin and SCF-CO2 extraction of S. miltiorrhiza with proportion 8:1 by weight, was granulated by RESS. The characteristics of the resululting particles were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the assay of salviol IIA in particles which was determinated by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The resulting particles were jacinth and photomicrograph produced by SEM showed that the morphology were silkiness and rugosity globular, the size distribution between 2 and 80 microm, and the contents of salviol IIA was 0.54%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The RESS method is applicable for preparing microparticles of SCF-CO2 extraction of S. miltiorrhiza and low operating temperature, simple processing, and no environmental pollution, and no residual solvent.</p>