Effect of electrophysical resources on healing of neurotendinous injury in an experimental model of type I diabetes and kidney disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate and describe the effect of electrophysical resources laser therapy (LLLT), intravascular laser blood irradiation (ILIB), and cryotherapy on the healing process of neurotendinous injury, as well as possible systemic changes, in the experimental model of type 1 diabetes associated with kidney injury. METHODS: The animals were randomized into four groups: G1) healthy control with untreated injury; G2) healthy control with injury and treatment; G3) disease control with untreated lesion; G4) disease with injury and treatment. Furthermore, the treated groups were divided into three, according to the type of treatment. All animals were induced to neurotendinous injury and treated according to the therapeutic protocols. Healing and inflammation were analyzed by semiquantitative histopathological study. RESULTS: It was observed in sick animals treated with cryotherapy and ILIB reduction of inflammatory exudate, presence of fibroblasts and organization of collagen, when compared to the effects of LLLT. Moreover, there was reduction in glycemic levels in the group treated with ILIB. CONCLUSIONS: Cryotherapy promoted reduction in inflammatory exudate and organization of collagen fibers, in addition to the absence of signs of tissue necrosis, in the groups treated with and without the disease. ILIB therapy showed the same findings associated with significant reduction in glycemic levels in the group of diseased animals. The application of LLLT showed increased inflammatory exudate, low organization of collagen fibers and low sign of tissue degeneration and necrosis. This study in a model of associated diseases (diabetes and kidney disease) whose effects of electrophysical resources studied after neurotendinous injury allows us to verify histopathological variables suggestive of patients with the same comorbidities.

Neuroprotective Effects of Acrocomia aculeata Pulp Oil Microcapsules on Rats Subjected to Chronic Stress.

Acrocomia aculeata fruits are rich in monounsaturated fatty acid, ß-carotene, tocopherol, and other antioxidant compounds. The aim of our study was to investigate and compare the protective effects of A. aculeata pulp oil and microencapsulated pulp oil on brain oxidative damage induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS) in rats (cortex, hippocampus, and striatum). Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into six treatment groups: C, P, and M groups received 1 µL/g of body weight of distilled water, pulp oil, and pulp oil microcapsules by daily gavage, respectively. The SC, SP, and SM groups received 1 µL/g of body weight of distilled water, pulp oil, and pulp oil microcapsules by daily gavage, respectively, and were then subjected to uninterrupted 6 h of CRS. After 21 days of testing, the rats were euthanized and the brain tissue of the groups was removed for evaluation for oxidative damage markers and antioxidant enzymes. Endpoints of oxidative stress (OS) markers (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and reduced glutathione [GSH]) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were evaluated. By imposing chronic stress on rats, pulp oil and microcapsules of pulp oil induced positive antioxidant responses, mainly by increasing the GSH content, increasing the ability of neural tissues to deal with inherent OS, thus protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. The administration of A. aculeata pulp oil and microencapsulated pulp oil made the reversal of the oxidant parameters, which may protect the brain tissue of rats altered by CRS. The Clinical Trial Registration number: n° 1.008/2018 CEUA/UFMS.

Buriti pulp oil did not improve high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in c57bl/6 mice.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity are growing in many parts of the world, becoming public health problems. It is proposed that foods with functional properties can assist in the treatment of these diseases. Crude buriti pulp oil (BPO) is a food traditionally consumed by residents in the Pantanal, Cerrado and Brazilian Amazon. It is rich in oleic acid, tocopherols and carotenoids, emerging as a potential functional food. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of BPO on metabolic disorders caused by a high-fat diet. Four groups of C57BL6 mice were used, a lean group with AIN-93M diet and control oil supplementation, an obese group with a high-fat diet and control oil supplementation, and two obese groups with a high-fat diet and BPO supplementation in the amounts of 50 and 100 mg/kg. BPO worsened the metabolic state caused by the high-fat diet, worsening risk factors associated with MetS, as the abdominal circumference and retroperitoneal fat, serum levels of total cholesterol, uric acid, alanine transaminase, glucose and triglycerides, and renal fat, in addition to changes in glycaemic control and oxidative stress markers. C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet and supplemented with BPO presented a worsening in metabolic risk factors associated with MetS.

Acute effects of low-level laser therapy (660 nm) on oxidative stress levels in diabetic rats with skin wounds.

BACKGROUND: Laser therapy influences oxidative stress parameters such as the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the production of reactive oxygen species. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy on oxidative stress in diabetics rats with skin wounds. METHODS: Thirty-six animals were divided into 4 groups: NDNI: non-diabetic rats with cutaneous wounds that not received laser therapy; NDI: non-diabetic rats with cutaneous wounds that received laser therapy; DNI: diabetic rats with skin wounds who did not undergo laser therapy; DI: rats with diabetes insipidus and cutaneous wounds and received laser therapy. The animals were treated with LLLT (660 nm, 100 mW, 6 J/cm, spot size 0.028 cm). On the day of killing the animals, tissue-wrapped cutaneous wounds were collected and immediately frozen, centrifuged, and stored to analyze malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. RESULTS: Significant difference was observed within the groups of MDA levels (ANOVA, p = 0.0001). Tukey's post-hoc test showed significantly lower values of MDA in irradiated tissues, both in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. ANOVA of the diabetic group revealed a significant difference (p < 0.01) when all groups, except NDI and DI, were compared. CONCLUSIONS: LLLT was effective in decreasing MDA levels in acute surgical wounds in diabetic rats.

Behavior study of the doped castor bean polymer rod with bioactive glass and hidroxyapatite in mice femur medullary canal.

Purpose To evaluate the polymer doped rods behavior with bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite for possible application as a fracture fixing method. Methods Twenty eight Rattus norvegicus Wistar underwent bone defect for access to the femoral medullary canal and distributed into three experimental groups: group A - doped castor bean polymer with bioactive glass; group B - castor bean polymer and; group C - castor bean polymer doped with bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite. After 15 and 60 evaluation days, the femurs were removed and sent for histology and scanning electron microscopy. Results Initially mild and moderate inflammatory infiltrate is observed that decreases as time goes by, and the presence of connective tissue capsule around the graft in all groups. Regarding the biomaterials resorption little was observed. The implanted rods did not favor the osteoconductive process in the femoral medullary canal which was observed only in the C15 group. Conclusions The association of castor bean polymer, bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite was biocompatible and osteointegrable. The osteoconductive only occurred in the presence of hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass (C15 Group) and little biodegradation was observed.

Behavior study of the doped castor bean polymer rod with bioactive glass and hidroxyapatite in mice femur medullary canal

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the polymer doped rods behavior with bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite for possible application as a fracture fixing method. Methods Twenty eight Rattus norvegicus Wistar underwent bone defect for access to the femoral medullary canal and distributed into three experimental groups: group A - doped castor bean polymer with bioactive glass; group B - castor bean polymer and; group C - castor bean polymer doped with bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite. After 15 and 60 evaluation days, the femurs were removed and sent for histology and scanning electron microscopy. Results Initially mild and moderate inflammatory infiltrate is observed that decreases as time goes by, and the presence of connective tissue capsule around the graft in all groups. Regarding the biomaterials resorption little was observed. The implanted rods did not favor the osteoconductive process in the femoral medullary canal which was observed only in the C15 group. Conclusions The association of castor bean polymer, bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite was biocompatible and osteointegrable. The osteoconductive only occurred in the presence of hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass (C15 Group) and little biodegradation was observed.

Healing effect of the ointment made of Equisetum pyramidale in the treatment of cutaneous lesions in diabetic rats

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and repair effects of the ethanolic extract and ointment of Equisetum pyramidale on the skin lesions of rats induced to diabetes. After the induction of diabetes with alloxan, a surgical procedure was performed on the back of each rat. Then, they were separated into treatment groups: G1 ethanol extract of E. pyramidale; G2-ointment (extract of E. pyramidale 80g + 20g of vaseline:lanolin 1:1); G3 control (vehicle vaseline:lanolin 1:1); and G4-no treatment during 3, 7 and 14 days. The samples were embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histological analysis. The findings showed that the use of ethanolic extract as well as the ointment decreased the inflammatory cells at the site of inflammation, resulting a faster healing, with less crusting and lower amount of secretion in comparison to the control group. Therapy with topical herbal was an effective method in the inflammatory process of tissue repair, contributing to a faster and more organized tissue re-epithelialization.

Effect of low-level laser therapy (660 nm) on acute inflammation induced by tenotomy of Achilles tendon in rats.

In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT; 660 nm) on levels of protein expression of inflammatory mediators after cutting Achilles tendon of rats. Thirty Wistar male rats underwent partial incisions of the left Achilles tendon, and were divided into three groups of 10 animals according to the time of euthanasia after injury: 6, 24 and 72 h. Each group was then divided into control group and LLLT group (treated with 100 mW, 3.57 W cm(-2), 0.028 cm(2), 214 J cm(-2), 6 J, 60 s, single point). In LLLT group, animals were treated once time per day until the time of euthanasia established for each group. The group treated with LLLT showed a significant reduction of IL-1ß compared with control groups at three time points (6 h: P=0.0401; 24 h: P=0.0015; 72 h: P=0.0463). The analysis of IL-6 showed significant reduction only in the LLLT group at 72 h compared with control group (P=0.0179), whereas IL-10 showed a significant increase in the treated group compared with control group at three experimental times (6 h: P=0.0007; 24 h: P=0.0256; 72 h: P<0.0001). We conclude that LLLT is an important modulator of inflammatory cytokines release after injury in Achilles tendon.

Castor oil polyurethane containing silica nanoparticles as filling material of bone defect in rats / Poliuretana de mamona contendo nanopartículas de sílica como material de preenchimento de defeito ósseo em ratos

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biologic behavior of the castor polymer containing silica nanoparticles as a bone substitute in diafisary defect. METHODS: Twenty seven male rattus norvegicus albinus wistar lineage were submitted to bone defect filled with castor oil polymer. Three experimental groups had been formed with nine animals each: (1) castor oil polymer containing only calcium carbonate; (2) castor oil polymer with calcium carbonate and doped with 5 percent of silica nanoparticles; (3) castor polymer with calcium carbonate doped with 10 percent of silica nanoparticles; 3 animals of each group were submitted to euthanasia 15, 30 and 60 days after experimental procedure, and their femurs were removed to histological evaluation. RESULTS: there was bone growth in all the studied groups, with a greater tendency of growth in the group 1. After 30 days all the groups presented similar results. After 60 days a greater amount of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts in group 3 was observed, with integrated activity of 3 kinds of cells involved in the bone activation-reabsorption-formation. CONCLUSIONS: The castor polymer associated to the silica nanoparticles is biocompatible and allows osteoconduction. The presence of osteoprogenitors cells suggests silica osteoinduction capacity.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o comportamento biológico do polímero de mamona contendo nanopartículas de sílica como substituto ósseo. MÉTODOS: Vinte e sete rattus norvergicus albinus, Wistar foram submetidos a defeito ósseo preenchido com polímero de mamona. Foram formados três grupos experimentais, com nove ratos cada: (1) Polímero com carbonato de cálcio; (2) Polímero com carbonato de cálcio dopado com 5 por cento de nanopartículas de sílica; (3) Polímero com carbonato de cálcio dopado com 10 por cento de nanopartículas de sílica; três animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia 15, 30 e 60 dias após o procedimento experimental e os fêmures removidos e submetidos à avaliação histológica. RESULTADOS: Houve crescimento ósseo em todos os grupos estudados, com maior tendência de crescimento no grupo contendo polímero de mamona acrescido apenas por carbonato de cálcio. Aos 30 dias, todos os grupos apresentaram resultados semelhantes. Aos 60 dias, notou-se maior presença de fibroblastos, osteoblastos, osteócitos e osteoclastos no grupo 3, com persistência da atividade integrada dos três tipos de células envolvidas no processo de ativação-reabsorção-formação óssea. CONCLUSÕES: O polímero de mamona associado com nanopartículas de sílica é biocompatível e permite a osteocondução. A presença de células osteoprogenitoras nos implantes contendo 10 por cento de sílica indica sua capacidade osteoindutora.

Castor oil polyurethane containing silica nanoparticles as filling material of bone defect in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biologic behavior of the castor polymer containing silica nanoparticles as a bone substitute in diafisary defect. METHODS: Twenty seven male Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar lineage were submitted to bone defect filled with castor oil polymer. Three experimental groups had been formed with nine animals each: (1) castor oil polymer containing only calcium carbonate; (2) castor oil polymer with calcium carbonate and doped with 5% of silica nanoparticles; (3) castor polymer with calcium carbonate doped with 10% of silica nanoparticles; 3 animals of each group were submitted to euthanasia 15, 30 and 60 days after experimental procedure, and their femurs were removed to histological evaluation. RESULTS: there was bone growth in all the studied groups, with a greater tendency of growth in the group 1. After 30 days all the groups presented similar results. After 60 days a greater amount of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts in group 3 was observed, with integrated activity of 3 kinds of cells involved in the bone activation-reabsorption-formation. CONCLUSIONS: The castor polymer associated to the silica nanoparticles is biocompatible and allows osteoconduction. The presence of osteoprogenitors cells suggests silica osteoinduction capacity.

Study of the antineoplastic action of Tabebuia avellanedae in carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in mice.

PURPOSE: To study the antitumor action of Tabebuia avellanedae in experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis by azoxymethane in mice. METHODS: Fifty (n=50) mice were divided into five groups: in group I azoxymethane (AOM) was administered, in Group II - ß-lapachone, in group III - vehicle (diluent) and in group IV - vehicle + AOM and finally in group V - ß-lapachone + AOM. RESULTS: It was observed the presence of aberrant crypt foci in all animals of groups I and IV, 50% in group II and 90% in group V. CONCLUSION: The ß-lapachone extracted from the Tabebuia avellanedae showed no protective effect of lesions induced by azoxymethane in colon of mice.

Influence of ingaalp laser (660nm) on the healing of skin wounds in diabetic rats.

PURPOSE: To determine the influence of low-power laser (660 nm) on the collagen percentage and macrophages in skin wounds in diabetic rats. METHODS: 30 male Wistar rats were used, distributed in two groups: laser treated diabetic (n= 15); untreated diabetic (n = 15). The diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan into the dorsal vein of the penis, at a rate of 0.1 ml of solution per 100 g of body weight. A wound was made on the back of all the animals. Groups 2 were treated with Aluminium Gallium Indium Phosphide - InGaAlP type diode laser (Photon Laser III DMC) with a continuous output power of 100 mW and wavelength (lambda) of 660 nm (4 J/cm(2)) for 24 s. five animal from each group was sacrificed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after wounding. Samples were taken, embedded in paraffin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical macrophage. morphometrically analyzed using the Image Pro Plus 4.5 software. The percentages of collagen fibers and macrophages were determined from the samples from the euthanasia animals. RESULTS: The data were treated statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Post-hocTukey test. The significance level was set at 0.05 or 5%. CONCLUSION: The low-power laser (660 nm) was shown to be capable of influencing the collagen percentage in skin wounds by increasing the mean quantity of collagen fibers and macrophages.

Influence of ingaalp laser (660nm) on the healing of skin wounds in diabetic rats / Influência do laser ingaalp (660nm) na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em ratos diabéticos

PURPOSE: To determine the influence of low-power laser (660 nm) on the collagen percentage and macrophages in skin wounds in diabetic rats. METHODS: 30 male Wistar rats were used, distributed in two groups: laser treated diabetic (n= 15); untreated diabetic (n = 15). The diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan into the dorsal vein of the penis, at a rate of 0.1 ml of solution per 100 g of body weight. A wound was made on the back of all the animals. Groups 2 were treated with Aluminium Gallium Indium Phosphide - InGaAlP type diode laser (Photon Laser III DMC®) with a continuous output power of 100 mW and wavelength (?) of 660 nm (4 J/cm²) for 24 s. five animal from each group was sacrificed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after wounding. Samples were taken, embedded in paraffin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical macrophage. morphometrically analyzed using the Image Pro Plus 4.5 software. The percentages of collagen fibers and macrophages were determined from the samples from the euthanasia animals. RESULTS: The data were treated statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Post-hocTukey test. The significance level was set at 0.05 or 5 percent. CONCLUSION: The low-power laser (660 nm) was shown to be capable of influencing the collagen percentage in skin wounds by increasing the mean quantity of collagen fibers and macrophages.

OBJETIVO: Determinar a influência do diodo laser InGaAlP (660 nm) sobre o percentual de colágeno e macrófagos em feridas cutâneas de ratos diabéticos. MÉTODOS: Para tanto 30 ratos machos Wistar foram distribuídos em dois grupos: diabético tratado com laser (n=15), diabético não tratado (n = 15). O diabetes foi induzido por injeção intravenosa de aloxana na veia dorsal do pênis, a uma taxa de 0,1 ml de solução por 100 g de peso corporal. A lesão foi confeccionada no dorso de todos os animais utilizando um punch de 8mm. 2 grupos foram tratados com o diodo laser arsenieto de gálio e alumínio dopado com, fosforeto de índio - InGaAlP (tipo Photon Laser III DMC®) com uma potência contínua de 100 mW e comprimento de onda (?) de 660 nm (4 J/cm²) por 24 s. cinco animais de cada grupo foi sacrificado no 3, 7 e 14 dias após a lesão. As amostras obtidas foram emblocadas em parafina, coradas com hematoxilina-eosina, tricrômico de Masson, e para a analise dos macrófagos foi realizado um imunohistoquímico. Os resultados foram avaliados morfometricamente pelo programa Image Pro Plus 4.5. RESULTADOS: Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente pela análise de variância (ANOVA) e pós-teste de Tukey. O nível de significância foi fixado em 0,05 ou 5 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: O laser de baixa potência (660 nm) mostrou-se capaz de influenciar o percentual de colágeno em feridas cutâneas, aumentando a quantidade média de fibras colágenas e macrófagos.

Influence of laser (660 nm) on functional recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats following crushing lesion.

With the aim of accelerating the regenerative processes, the objective was to study the influence of gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser (660 nm) on functional and histomorphological recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats. The sciatic nerves of 12 Wistar rats were crushed divided into two groups: control and laser therapy. For the latter, GaAlAs laser was utilized (660 nm, 4 J/cm(2), 26.3 mW and 0.63 cm(2) beam), at three equidistant points on the lesion, for 20 days. Comparison of the sciatic functional index (SFI) showed that there was a significant difference only between the pre-lesion value of the laser therapy group and that after the 21st day in the control group. It was concluded that the parameters and methods utilized demonstrated positive results regarding the SFI over the time period evaluated.

Effect of laser therapy (660 nm) on recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats after injury through neurotmesis followed by epineural anastomosis.

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) laser (660 nm) on the myelin sheath and functional recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats. The sciatic nerves of 12 Wistar rats were subjected to injury through neurotmesis and epineural anastomosis, and the animals were divided into two groups: group 1 was the control and group 2, underwent low-level laser therapy (LLLT). After the injury, AlGaAs laser at 660 nm, 4 J/cm(2), 26.3 mW and beam area of 0.63 cm(2) was administered to three equidistant points on the injury for 20 consecutive days. In the control group the mean area of the myelin impairment was 0.51 (+/- 0.11) on day 21 after the operation, whereas this value was 1.31 (+/- 0.22) in the LLLT group. Student's t-test revealed a P value = 0.0229 for the mean area values of the myelin sheath between the LLLT and control groups. Comparison of the sciatic functional index (SFI) showed that there was no significant difference between the pre-lesion value in the laser therapy group and the control group. The use of AlGaAs laser (660 nm) provided significant changes to the morphometrically assessed area of the myelin sheath, but it did not culminate in positive results for functional recovery in the sciatic nerve of the rats after injury through neurotmesis.

Analysis of the influence of low-power HeNe laser on the healing of skin wounds in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.

PURPOSE: To study the influence of HeNe laser irradiation on the collagen percentage in surgically-induced skin wounds in rats with and without alloxan-induced diabetes, by morphometric analysis of collagen fibers. METHODS: 48 male Wistar rats were used, divided into groups: laser-treated diabetic (group 1); untreated diabetic (group 2); treated non-diabetic (group 3); and untreated non-diabetic (group 4). For groups 1 and 2, diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan (2,4,5,6-tetraoxypyrimidine; 5,6-dioxyuracil; Sigma), into the dorsal vein of the penis, at a rate of 0.1 ml of solution per 100 g of body weight. A wound was made on the back of all the animals. Groups 1 and 3 were treated with HeNe laser (4 J/cm2) for 60 s. One animal from each group was sacrificed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after wounding. Samples were taken, embedded in paraffin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome, and morphometrically analyzed using the Imagelab software. The percentages of collagen fibers were determined from the samples from the euthanasia animals. The data were treated statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Student t and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The significance level was set at 0.05 or 5%. RESULTS: The results obtained from the samples taken on the third, seventh and fourteenth days after wounding demonstrated that the laser-treated group presented a statistically significant (p<0.05) greater mean quantity of collagen fibers than in the non-treated group, both for diabetic rats (p = 0.0104) and for non-diabetic rats (p = 0.039). CONCLUSION: The low-power laser (632.8 nm) was shown to be capable of influencing the collagen percentage in skin wounds by increasing the mean quantity of collagen fibers, both for the diabetic and for the non-diabetic group.

Analysis of the influence of low-power HeNe laser on the healing of skin wounds in diabetic and non-diabetic rats

OBJETIVO: Estudar, comparativamente, através de análises morfométricas das fibras colágenas, a influência da irradiação com laser HeNe no percentual de colágeno de lesões cutâneas induzidas em ratos diabéticos aloxânico e não diabéticos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 48 ratos Wistar, machos sendo estes divididos em grupos: Grupo 1 diabético tratado com laser, Grupo 2 diabético não-tratado, Grupo 3 não-diabético tratado e Grupo 4 não-diabéticos não-tratados. Nos grupos 1 e 2 diabetes foi induzido por injeção intravenosa (veia dorsal do pênis de Aloxana (2, 4, 5, 6 - Tetraoxypyrimidina; 5–6 Dioxyuracila) SIGMA, 0.1ml de solução a cada 100 g. de peso corporal. Todos os animais foram submetidos a uma lesão no dorso e os Grupos 1 e 3, foram tratados com laser HeNe com dosagem de 4 J/cm2 por 36 s. Um animal de cada grupo sofreu eutanásia no 3º, 7º e 14 dias após a lesão e retiradas as amostras que foram emblocadas em parafina, coradas com H.E., Tricrômico de Masson e a analisadas morfométricamente pelo software IMAGELAB . Os dados resultantes foram tratados estatisticamente pela análise de variância (ANOVA), e pelos testes t e Kruskal-Wallis fixou-se em 0,05 ou 5% (a £ 0,05) o nível de rejeição da hipótese de nulidade. RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos das amostras retiradas aos 3º, 7º e 14 dias após a lesão, demonstram que o grupo tratado com laser apresentou média de fibras colágenas maiore estatisticamente significante(p<0.05), em relação ao grupo não-tratado, tanto para diabéticos (p= 0.0104), como não-diabéticos (p= 0.039). CONCLUSÃO: O laser de baixa potência (632,8 nm) se mostrou capaz de influenciar o percentual de colágeno em feridas cutâneas, aumentando a média de fibras colágenas, tanto para o grupo diabético como no não-diabético.

Use of mannanoligosacharides as an adjuvant treatment for gastrointestinal diseases and their effects on E.coli inactivated in dogs.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of mannanoligosacharides on dogs showing gastroenteritis. METHODS: Sixteen dogs, 2-6 month-old, distributed into two groups: T1--animals with gastroenteritis receiving treatment for the disease + mannanoligosacharides (2 g/animal).; and T2--animals with gastroenteritis receiving just treatment for the disease. The animals were randomly included in the sample and all of them were submitted to blood and feces collection for coproculture. In the treatment for gastroenteritis antibiotic, antihemetic, vermifuge, vitamins and sorotheraphy were used. The parameters evaluated were the numbers of leucocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and the presence of enteropathogenic bacteria in feces. RESULTS: The mannanoligosacharides was effective in eliminating pathogenic E. coli in 85.71% of the animals, while in the no-treated group only 25% of the animals were negative to E. coli. CONCLUSION: The mannanoligosacharides is effective in the control of pathogenic E. coli and it can be indicated as an adjuvant treatment for gastroenteritis in dogs.

Photodynamic inactivation of in vitro bacterial cultures from pressure ulcers.

PURPOSE: To evaluate in vitro the antibacterial effect of diode laser light of wavelength 650 nm, in association with the photosensitive substance toluidine blue, on the bacteria in infected skin ulcers. METHODS: Samples were collected by means of swabs containing a medium for transporting infected material from skin ulcers. The material was inoculated into culturing medium containing azide blood agar for the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, and MacConkey agar for Gram-negative bacteria, and incubated for 48 hours. The results obtained from counting the colony-forming units were correlated and subjected to statistical analysis, adopting the significance level of p > or = 0.05. RESULTS: From analysis of variance (ANOVA), the result for the general mean was p = 0.0215. Using the t test with post-hoc test, the result for TBO vs. Control was p = 0.0186, and for TBO + Laser vs. Control it was p = 0.0039. CONCLUSION: There was a significant reduction in colony-forming units when the cultures were subjected to photodynamic therapy.

Effect of 650 nm low-power laser on bone morphogenetic protein in bone defects induced in rat femors.

PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of 650 nm GaAlAs laser on the action of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in bone defects produced in rat femurs. METHODS: The sample consisted of 12 male albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The animals were randomly divided into four experimental groups. After undergoing anesthesia, the fur was removed from the lateral face of the right thigh and surgical dissection was performed to view the femur region. A bone defect was created using a spherical diamond-tipped drill bit. In groups 1 and 2, the defect was filled with a paste of Gen-Tech bone-inducing substance. The animals were treated with GaAlAs laser, at a predetermined dose of joules/cm(2) for 80 seconds, over an area of 1 cm(2). Groups 2 and 4 were used as controls. Bone samples were removed to perform histological procedures and morphometric analyses on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after the operation. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA variance according to two criteria, with four repetitions, followed by the post hoc t test. The rejection level for the nullity hypothesis was 0.05 or 5% (alpha < or = 0.05). RESULTS: In comparisons between G1, G2, G3 and G4, p = 0.024 was observed. In statistical comparisons using the t test for paired samples, only G1 vs. G4 presented a statistically significant result (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION: The association of low-power laser application and Gen-Tech bone-inducing substance achieved a better result than laser application alone or BMP use alone.