Hyperbaric oxygen therapy enhances graft healing and mechanical properties after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: An experimental study in rabbits.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has proven successful in wound healing. However, its potential effects on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of HBOT on graft healing following ACL reconstruction in rabbits. Male New Zealand rabbits underwent ACL reconstruction and were randomly divided into two groups: the HBOT group and the ambient air group. The HBOT group received 100% oxygen at 2.5 atmospheres absolute for 2 h daily for 5 consecutive days, starting from the first day after surgery. The ambient air group was maintained in normal room air throughout the entire period. After 12 weeks following the surgery, animals were euthanized, and their knees were harvested for analysis. The HBOT group demonstrated superior graft maturation and integration in comparison to the ambient air group, as evidenced by lower graft signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging, decreased femoral and tibial tunnel size, and higher bone mineral density values on high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans. Additionally, biomechanical testing indicated that the HBOT group had greater load to failure and stiffness values than the ambient air group. In conclusion, the adjuvant use of HBOT improved ACL graft maturation and integration, reduced tunnel widening, and enhanced the biomechanical properties of the graft. These results may provide important insights into the potential clinical application of HBOT as a therapeutic intervention to enhance graft healing after ACL reconstruction, paving the way for further research in this area.

Plantas medicinais entre Agentes Comunitários de Saúde Ribeirinhos: conhecimento, uso, forma de preparação e indicação / Medicinal plants among riverside Community Health Agents: knowledge, use, form of preparation and indication / Plantas medicinales entre los agentes de salud de las comunidades ribereñas: conocimiento, uso, forma de preparación e indicación

Objetivo: descrever conhecimento, uso, forma de preparação, indicação para problemas de saúde de plantas medicinais entre Agentes Comunitários de Saúde ribeirinhos. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, entre 117 Agentes Comunitários de Saúde Ribeirinhos, realizado entre agosto a novembro de 2018, sobre os hábitos de consumo de plantas medicinais, uso associado a medicamentos industrializados, aprendizado, parte utilizada, forma de preparação, indicação e problemas de saúde. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: as plantas medicinais mais utilizadas foram o Capim Santo (Cymbopogon citratus) (11,1%), Erva Cidreira (Melissa officinalis) (9,3%) e o Boldo (Vernonia condensata) (6,5%). Houve associação significativa entre consumo de plantas e faixa etária, escolaridade, problemas de saúde e plantas no quintal. Conclusão: o desenvolvimento de estratégias de promoção do conhecimento sobre plantas medicinais e seu uso adequado entre os ACS ribeirinhos, pode promover o autocuidado com a saúde nas áreas remotas da Amazônia brasileira.

Objective: to describe knowledge, use, form of preparation and indication for health problems of medicinal plants among community health agents from the riverside region. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study among 117 community health agents from the riverside, carried out between August and November 2018, on the habits of consumption of medicinal plants, use associated with industrialized medicines, learning, part used, form of preparation, indication and health problems. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: the most commonly used medicinal plants were Capim Santo (Cymbopogon citratus) (11.1%), Erva Cidreira (Melissa officinalis) (9.3%) and Boldo (Vernonia condensata) (6.5%). There was a significant association between plant consumption and age, schooling, health problems and plants in the yard. Conclusion: the development of strategies to promote knowledge about medicinal plants and their appropriate use among riverine CHAs can promote self-care in remote areas of the Brazilian Amazon.

Objetivo: Describir el conocimiento, el uso, la forma de preparación e indicación para problemas de salud de plantas medicinales entre agentes comunitarios de salud de la región ribereña. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, entre 117 agentes comunitarios de salud ribereños, realizado entre agosto y noviembre de 2018, sobre los hábitos de consumo de plantas medicinales, uso asociado a medicamentos industrializados, aprendizaje, parte utilizada, forma de preparación, indicación y problemas de salud. El Comité de Ética de Investigación aprobó el estudio. Resultados: las plantas medicinales más utilizadas fueron Zacate limón (Cymbopogon citratus) (11,1%), Melisa (Melissa officinalis) (9,3%) y Boldo de Bahía (Vernonia condensata) (6,5%). Hubo una asociación significativa entre el consumo de plantas y la edad, la escolaridad, los problemas de salud y las plantas que tenían en su patio. Conclusión: El desarrollo de estrategias para promover el conocimiento sobre plantas medicinales y su uso apropiado entre los ACS ribereños puede promover el autocuidado respecto a la salud en áreas remotas de la Amazonia brasileña.

One Health Perspectives on Food Safety in Minimally Processed Vegetables and Fruits: From Farm to Fork.

While food markets and food production chains are experiencing exponential growth, global attention to food safety is steadily increasing. This is particularly crucial for ready-to-eat products such as fresh-cut salads and fruits, as these items are consumed raw without prior heat treatment, making the presence of pathogenic microorganisms quite frequent. Moreover, many studies on foodborne illnesses associated with these foods often overlook the transmission links from the initial contamination source. The prevention and control of the dissemination of foodborne pathogens should be approached holistically, involving agricultural production, processing, transport, food production, and extending to final consumption, all while adopting a One Health perspective. In this context, our objective is to compile available information on the challenges related to microbiological contamination in minimally handled fruits and vegetables. This includes major reported outbreaks, specific bacterial strains, and associated statistics throughout the production chain. We address the sources of contamination at each stage, along with issues related to food manipulation and disinfection. Additionally, we provide potential solutions to promote a healthier approach to fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. This information will be valuable for both researchers and food producers, particularly those focused on ensuring food safety and quality.

Resveratrol-Loaded Attalea funifera Oil Organogel Nanoparticles: A Potential Nanocarrier against A375 Human Melanoma Cells.

This study aimed to evaluate Attalea funifera seed oil with or without resveratrol entrapped in organogel nanoparticles in vitro against A375 human melanoma tumor cells. Organogel nanoparticles with seed oil (SON) or with resveratrol entrapped in the seed oil (RSON) formed functional organogel nanoparticles that showed a particle size <100 nm, polydispersity index <0.3, negative zeta potential, and maintenance of electrical conductivity. The resveratrol entrapment efficiency in RSON was 99 ± 1%. The seed oil and SON showed no cytotoxicity against human non-tumor cells or tumor cells. Resveratrol at 50 µg/mL was cytotoxic for non-tumor cells, and was cytotoxic for tumor cells at 25 µg/mL. Resveratrol entrapped in RSON showed a decrease in cytotoxicity against non-tumor cells and cytotoxic against tumor cells at 50 µg/mL. Thus, SON is a potential new platform for the delivery of resveratrol with selective cytotoxic activity in the treatment of melanoma.

Disponibilidade de medicamentos homeopáticos pelo sistema único de saúde no estado de São Paulo / Availability of homeopathic drugs by the unified health system (sus) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

A homeopatia revolucionou os meios terapêuticos por ser um medicamento diluído em pequeníssimas doses, que tem como objetivo curar os sintomas de uma pessoa doente ao utilizar uma substância que tenha provocado esses mesmos sintomas em uma pessoa sadia. O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a disponibilidade no Sistema de Único de Saúde (SUS) no Estado de São Paulo, de medicamentos homeopáticos para a população. A metodologia utilizada foi quantitativa. A partir dos dados do DATASUS, foram selecionados os municípios que dispunham da intserção de PICs, e aqueles que atendiam a esse critério, foram contatados para confirmação do oferecimento de medicamentos homeopáticos pelo SUS. Os meios de contato utilizados foram e-mails, telefonemas e mensagens por redes sociais. Os resultados observados mostram que houve um declínio de 88,04 % na dispensação de medicamentos homeopáticos para a população desses municípios em relação ao ano de 2007. Esse declínio exorbitante deve-se a diversos fatores, como: preconceito com medicamentos homeopáticos, falta de profissionais qualificados na rede pública de saúde.

Homeopathy has revolutionized therapeutic means by being diluted in tiny doses that aimes to cure the symptoms of a sick person by using a substance that provoked the same symptoms in a healthy person. This article, has the goal to analyze the availability in the Health Single System (SUS) in the state of São Paul, of homeopathic medicines for the population. The methodology used was quantitative. Counties that had Integrative and Complementary Practices were select from DATASUS data and the counties that meet the criteria were contacted by e-mail, phonecalls and social media messages. The results showed a 88,04% decline in drug dispensing in relation to the year 2007. This exorbitant decline happened to a lot of factors, like prejudice with homeopathic medicines, lack of qualified professionals in public health.

Response of Cajanus cajan to excess copper in the soil: tolerance and biomass production.

Soil contamination by excess heavy metals or trace elements is a global concern, as these elements are highly bioaccumulated in living organisms, migrating throughout the food chain, and causing health problems. Sustainable technologies, using plants, have been increasingly studied and used to contain, reduce, or extract these elements from the soil. In this sense, it is essential to identify plant species that tolerate certain elements, present high biomass production and are resistant to adverse soil conditions. For this reason, we evaluated the biomass production and tolerance of Cajanus cajan in response to different concentrations of copper (30, 60, 120, and 240 mg/dm3, in addition to the control treatment) in the soil, as well as the effect of this metal on photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange. C. cajan was sown in soil previously contaminated with copper sulfate and cultivated in a greenhouse for 60 days after emergence. C. cajan is copper tolerant, approximately 88% copper is accumulated in the roots and therefore there is low copper translocation to the shoot, consequently, the chlorophyll content, the net photosynthesis rate, carbon assimilation, dry biomass, the root system development, and nodulation were not affected by copper. C. cajan can be explored in strategies to improve soil conditions and is a promising species in soil phytoremediation studies. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01203-6.

Metabolite characterization of fifteen by-products of the coffee production chain: From farm to factory.

Approximately 11.4 million tonnes of solid by-products and an increased amount of waste water will be generated during the 2020/21 coffee harvest. There are currently no truly value-adding uses for these potentially environmentally threatening species. This work presents the most wide-ranging chemical investigation of coffee by-products collected from farms to factories, including eight never previously investigated. Twenty compounds were found for the first time in coffee by-products including the bioactive neomangiferin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, lup-20(29)-en-3-one and 3,4-dimethoxy cinnamic acid. Five by-products generated inside a factory showed caffeine (53.0-17.0 mg.g-1) and/or chlorogenic acid (72.9-10.1 mg.g-1) content comparable to coffee beans, while mature leaf from plant pruning presented not only high contents of both compounds (16.4 and 38.9 mg.g-1, respectively), but also of mangiferin (19.4 mg.g-1) besides a variety of flavonoids. Such by-products are a source of a range of bioactive compounds and could be explored with potential economic and certainly environmental benefits.

Phytochemical profile of Cespedesia spathulata leaves (Ochnaceae) and its effect on tyrosinase enzyme.

Phytochemical studies of Cespedesia spathulata (Ochnaceae) leaves using 1H, 13C NMR, and GC-MS have led to the isolation of some metabolites identified for the first time in these species such as cathechin, epicatechin, vitexin, orientin, 6''-O-acetyl-vitexin, sitosterol, stigmasterol, phytol, 4,5-dihydrovomifoliol and a mixture of aliphatic methyl esters, together with ochnaflavone, which was previously isolated from this plant. The modulating activity of some fractions and compounds from Cespedesia spathulata towards tyrosinase enzyme was assayed by spectroscopic and theoretical means/experiments. The dichloromethane fraction (133 µg mL-1) and ochnaflavone (333 µM) inhibited tyrosinase activity by 20 % and 2.0 %, respectively, whereas the ethyl acetate fraction (666 µg mL-1) and ±catechins (catechin and epicatechin - 800 µM) activated it by 104 % and 384 %, respectively. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that catechin and epicatechin are better activators than L-DOPA by interacting with Cu (II) ions. Molecular docking results suggested that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions are the main binding forces between each tyrosinase activator and the amino acid residues inside the active protein binding pocket.

Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome.

Grape pomace (GP) is a winemaking by-product rich in polyphenols and fibre. Supplementation with GP extracts has shown potential benefits against oxidative stress- and inflammation-related pathologies. As a new nutritional target, this paper explores the impact of the ingestion of a grape pomace extract on intestinal barrier functionality. A GP extract was sequentially subjected to gastrointestinal and colonic digestion using the dynamic gastrointestinal simulator (simgi®). This generated two simulated fluids: intestinal-digested extract (IDE) and colonic-digested extract (CDE). The effects of these two fluids on paracellular permeability and the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (i.e., zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin) were assessed in Caco-2-cell monolayers grown in Transwell® inserts. The IDE fluid significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the paracellular transport of FITC-dextran with respect to the control, whereas no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found for CDE, which could be due, at least partially, to the pro-leaky effect of the colonic digestion medium. Accordant slight increases in the mRNA levels of both ZO-1 and occludin were observed for IDE, but without statistical significance. Additionally, the colonic fermentation of the GP extract promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and phenolic metabolites and led to changes in the relative abundance of some bacteria that might affect paracellular permeability. Overall, this paper reports first trends about the effects of grape pomace extracts on intestinal permeability that would require further confirmation in future experiments.

Guided imagery relaxation in quality of life of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a quasi-experiment.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the relaxation technique with guided imagery by means of virtual reality on health-related quality of life in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: A quasi-experiment conducted in a Bone Marrow Transplantation Service of a public hospital in southern Brazil. From October 2019 to October 2020, forty-two adult participants who underwent transplantation were included, 35 in the intervention group and seven in the control group. A guided imagery intervention, with audio guiding the relaxation associated with nature images in 360º, was performed during the hospitalization period. Data were collected on the first day of hospitalization, on the transplantation day, during the neutropenia stage, and at pre-hospital discharge. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplantation (FACT-BMT), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Neutropenia (FACT-N) were used to assess health-related quality of life, fatigue and neutropenia. Data were analyzed using the Generalized Linear Mixed Model for the evolution of the health-related quality of life assessments over time, considering the groups and stages. Pearson's correlation coefficient was adopted for the correlation analyses. RESULTS: Allogeneic transplantation was predominant: 28 (80%) in the intervention group and 5 (71.43%) in the control group. There were improvements in the health-related quality of life scores, although not significant. A significant difference was found among the stages (p <0.050) and a significant positive correlation (p <0.000) among the variables on general quality of life, additional concerns, fatigue and neutropenia in all stages. CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation suffer changes in their quality of life. Interventions based on integrative practices emerge as an option to minimize them. 
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Cannabis roots: Pharmacological and toxicological studies in mice.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: There are many studies and therapeutic properties attributed to the flowers and leaves of the Cannabis species, but even with few pharmacological studies, Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) roots presents several therapeutic indications in folk medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects as well as the toxicological profile of the aqueous extract of Cannabis sativa roots (CsAqEx) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed the anti-inflammatory effect with carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration assay, and carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema methods; The spasmolytic effect was assessed through in vitro assays with isolated mice trachea. To assess motor coordination and mobility, mice went through the rotarod and open field tests, respectively. For the single-dose toxicity study, we administered CsAqEx at the dose of 1000 mg/kg by gavage. In a repeated dose toxicity study, animals received CsAqEx at doses of 25 mg or 100 mg/kg for 28 days. RESULTS: The CsAqEx inhibited the migration of leukocytes at the doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. The CsAqEx showed anti-inflammatory activity after the intraplantar injection of carrageenan, presenting a reduction in edema formation at all tested doses (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg). The dose of 12.5 mg/kg of CsAqEx prevented edema formation after intraplantar injection of histamine. In an organ bath, 729 µg/mL of CsAqEx did not promote spasmolytic effect on isolated mice tracheal rings contracted by carbachol (CCh) or potassium chloride (KCl). We did not observe clinical signs of toxicity in the animals after acute treatment with CsAqEx, which suggested that the median lethal dose (LD50) is greater than 1000 mg/kg. Repeated dose exposure to the CsAqEx did not produce significant changes in hematological, biochemical, or organ histology parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of CsAqEx is related to the reduction of vascular extravasation and migration of inflammatory cells, without effects on the central nervous system. Moreover, there was no spasmolytic effect on airway smooth muscle and no toxicity was observed on mice.

L-Glutamine and Physical Exercise Prevent Intestinal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Without Improving Gastric Dysmotility in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of glutamine supplementation or exercise on gastric emptying and intestinal inflammation in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). Strength exercise consisted of jump training 4 × 10 repetitions/5 days a week/8 weeks with progressive overload. Endurance exercise consisted of swimming without overload for a period of 1 h a day/5 days a week/8 weeks. Another group (sedentary) of animals was supplemented with L-glutamine (1 g/kg of body weight) orally for 8 weeks before induction of UC. Colitis was induced by intra-colonic administration of 1 mL of 4% acetic acid. We assessed gastric emptying, macroscopic and microscopic scoring, oxidative stress markers, and IL-1ß, IL-6, and (TNF-α) levels. The UC significantly increased (p < 0.05) the gastric emptying compared with the saline control group. We observed a significantly decrease (p < 0.05) in body weight gain in UC rats compared with the control groups. Both exercise interventions and L-glutamine supplementation significantly prevented (p < 0.05) weight loss compared with the UC group. Strength and endurance exercises significantly prevented (p < 0.05) the increase of microscopic scores and oxidative stress (p < 0.05). L-glutamine supplementation in UC rats prevented hemorrhagic damage and improved oxidative stress markers (p < 0.05). Strength and endurance exercises and glutamine decreased the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α compared with the UC group (p < 0.05). Strength and endurance exercises and L-glutamine supplementation prevented intestinal inflammation and improved cytokines and oxidative stress levels without altering gastric dysmotility in rats with UC.

Indicações da fototerapia em recém-nascidos com icterícia / Indications for phototherapy in newborns with jaundice

A fototerapia é um método eficaz, não invasivo de alto impacto, sem restrições enquanto a sua utilização independente da idade gestacional, comorbidades ou nível de pigmentação cutânea, tratamento utilizado para redução de bilirrubina usado devido a sua alta eficiência e ausência de efeitos adversos. Analisar as evidências científicas publicadas sobre as indicações da fototerapia em recém­nascidos com icterícia. Trata de uma revisão bibliográfica do método revisão integrativa de literatura, realizado no período compreendido entre os meses de janeiro a abril de 2021. A busca efetuou-se, através da BVS, utilizando as bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, e por meio do SCIELO. Aderindo-se através dos descritores/palavras chaves: "Fototerapia", "Icterícia Neonatal", "Terapêutica", "Diagnóstico", "Cuidados de Enfermagem", combinados entre si com o operador booleano "AND". Os profissionais da equipe de enfermagem são responsáveis pelo recebimento e preparação do recém-nascido para a terapêutica, bem como, preparam os aparelhos que serão usados para a fototerapia, como os focos de luz, as incubadoras, entre outros. Evidenciou-se que a fototerapia é utilizada como forma de tratamento mais eficaz no controle da hiperbilirrubinemia. Sendo indicada nas doenças hemolíticas ou não, incompatibilidade fator Rh e grupo ABO. Embora seja frequente o uso da técnica em neonatos, deve-se enquanto profissionais se atentar aos sinais e sintomas, como também os fatores de risco no manejo da técnica, intervir elaborando uma rotina para o controle e manutenção dos equipamentos, observando criteriosamente o tipo de aparelhos utilizados e se atentar a distância ideal das lâmpadas sob o RN, avaliando sempre possíveis complicações durante o tratamento.

Phototherapy is an effective, non-invasive, high-impact method, with no restrictions as long as its use regardless of gestational age, comorbidities or skin pigmentation level, treatment used to reduce bilirubin used due to its high efficiency and absence of adverse effects. Analyze the published scientific evidence on the indications for phototherapy in newborns with jaundice. This is a bibliographic review of the integrative literature review method, carried out between January and April 2021. The search was carried out, through the VHL, using the LILACS, MEDLINE databases, and through SCIELO . Adhering to the descriptors / keywords: "Phototherapy", "Neonatal Jaundice", "Therapeutics", "Diagnosis", "Nursing Care", combined with the Boolean operator "AND". The professionals of the nursing team are responsible for receiving and preparing the newborn for therapy, as well as preparing the devices that will be used for phototherapy, such as spotlights, incubators, among others. It became evident that phototherapy is used as the most effective treatment for controlling hyperbilirubinemia. Being indicated in hemolytic diseases or not, incompatibility Rh factor and ABO group. Although the technique is frequently used in neonates, professionals should pay attention to the signs and symptoms, as well as the risk factors in the management of the technique, to intervene by elaborating a routine for the control and maintenance of equipment, carefully observing the type of equipment. devices used and pay attention to the ideal distance of the lamps under the NB, always evaluating possible complications during treatment.

Desenvolvimento de um programa de mentoria por pares estudantis: um relato de experiência / Development of a mentoring program by student peers: an experience report

Resumo: Introdução: A transição do colégio para a universidade configura-se como um período de profundas mudanças, seja no âmbito acadêmico, social, pessoal ou familiar. Nesse processo, responsabilidades são adquiridas, fazendo com que essa transição possa ser marcada por inúmeras incertezas. Nesse sentido, o projeto "Mentorias: conectando estudantes", elaborado pela IFMSA Brazil FMT na Universidade de Taubaté, objetiva fornecer aos calouros o suporte necessário para tornar essa experiência mais gratificante. Relato de experiência: A primeira edição do projeto foi desenvolvida ao longo de cinco meses durante o ano de 2020, organizada em quatro fases: 1. construção do material teórico para os mentores; 2. pesquisa e seleção de calouros e veteranos interessados em participar do projeto; 3. gravação das capacitações on-line para os mentores; 4. determinação da dupla mentor-pupilo e desenvolvimento da mentoria com posterior coleta e análise de feedback. Dessa forma, contemplou estudantes de Medicina, a partir do terceiro período, que atuaram como mentores, abordando, em reuniões remotas semanais, durante dois meses, os quatro pilares do projeto: acadêmico, pesquisa, desenvolvimento pessoal e extensão, com os seus respectivos pupilos (acadêmicos do primeiro e segundo períodos). Discussão: O sistema de mentoria vertical por pares estudantis tem se mostrado uma estratégia promissora no preparo e na recepção dos alunos para a vida acadêmica e profissional, uma vez observado que o vínculo gerado entre calouro e veterano favorece o engajamento dos alunos recém-ingressantes com as atividades e oportunidades dentro da IES. Conclusão: O objetivo deste relato é demonstrar, da perspectiva da equipe idealizadora, a experiência de realização do projeto, ao longo da sua primeira edição e incentivar a criação de programas e projetos em outras IES voltados para o acolhimento do calouro por "veteranos" de uma forma mais holística. Os resultados obtidos foram benéficos, tanto para mentores quanto para pupilos, para o fortalecimento do vínculo criado e do engajamento em atividades acadêmicas.

Abstract: Introduction: The transition from high school to the university constitutes a period of profound changes, whether in the academic, social, personal or family spheres. In this process, responsibilities are acquired, and it can be marked by countless uncertainties. In this sense, the project: "Mentorias - conectando estudantes", developed by IFMSA Brazil FMT, at the University of Taubaté, aims to provide first-year students with the necessary support to make this experience more gratifying. Experience report: The first edition of the project was developed over five months and organized in four phases: (1) construction of theoretical material for the mentors; (2) research and selection of interested first-year and senior students in the project; (3) recording of online training for mentors; (4) pairing of the Mentor-Mentee, development of the mentoring program with subsequent collection and analysis of feedback. To this end, medical students from the third semester onwards acted as mentors, conducting weekly remote meetings for two months, addressing the four pillars of the project: Academic, Research, Personal Development and Extension, with their respective first-year student mentee. Discussion: The vertical mentoring system by student peers has proven to be a promising strategy in preparing and receiving students for academic and professional life, as the bond formed between the first-year student and senior helps engage the former in activities and opportunities within the Higher Education Institution (HEI). Conclusion: The objective of the report is to demonstrate, from the perspective of the organizing team, the experience of conducting the first edition of the project in order to encourage the creation of programs and projects in other HEIs aimed at new students being welcomed by seniors, in a more holistic fashion. The results achieved were beneficial, both for mentors and mentees, in strengthening the relationship created and the engagement in academic activities.

Imagem guiada melhora a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com câncer? revisão integrativa / ¿las imágenes guiadas mejoran la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes com cáncer? una revisión integradora / Does guided imagery improve health-related quality of life in cancer patients? integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar pesquisas que utilizam Imagem Guiada como estratégia para melhoria da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com câncer. Método: revisão integrativa com avaliação do nível de evidência, realizada em fevereiro/2020, com publicações de janeiro/2009 a fevereiro/2020, da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, National Library of Medicine, Scopus e Web of Science, com os descritores: Imagens, Psicoterapia; Neoplasias e Qualidade de vida, em inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: 16 artigos foram publicados entre 2013 e 2019, 14 em inglês, 11 ensaios clínicos randomizados, incluindo diferentes tipos de câncer. A Imagem Guiada foi associada a técnicas como exercícios respiratórios e/ou relaxamento muscular progressivo. Resultados positivos para qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde foram observados em 75% dos estudos. Conclusão: a imagem guiada apresenta benefícios quando utilizada para melhoria da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com câncer. O presente estudo contribui para promoção e divulgação dessa prática.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar investigaciones que emplean Imágenes Guiadas como estrategia para mejorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con cáncer. Método: revisión integradora con evaluación del nivel de evidencia, realizada en febrero de 2020, con publicaciones de enero de 2009 a febrero de 2020, de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, la National Library of Medicine, Scopus y Web of Science, y con los siguientes descriptores: Imágenes, Psicoterapia; Neoplasias y Calidad de vida, en inglés, español y portugués. Resultados: se publicaron 16 artículos entre 2013 y 2019; 14 en inglés, y 11 fueron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, incluyendo diferentes tipos de cáncer. Las Imágenes Guiadas se asociaron a técnicas como ser ejercicios respiratorios y/o relajación muscular progresiva. Se observaron resultados positivos para la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en el 75% de los estudios. Conclusión: las imágenes guiadas presentan beneficios cuando se las emplea para mejorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con cáncer. Este estudio contribuye a la promoción y divulgación de esa práctica.

ABSTRACT Objective: analizar investigaciones que emplean Imágenes Guiadas como estrategia para mejorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con cáncer. Method: revisión integradora con evaluación del nivel de evidencia, realizada en febrero de 2020, con publicaciones de enero de 2009 a febrero de 2020, de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, la National Library of Medicine, Scopus y Web of Science, y con los siguientes descriptores: Imágenes, Psicoterapia; Neoplasias y Calidad de vida, en inglés, español y portugués. Results: se publicaron 16 artículos entre 2013 y 2019; 14 en inglés, y 11 fueron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, incluyendo diferentes tipos de cáncer. Las Imágenes Guiadas se asociaron a técnicas como ser ejercicios respiratorios y/o relajación muscular progresiva. Se observaron resultados positivos para la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en el 75% de los estudios. Conclusion: las imágenes guiadas presentan beneficios cuando se las emplea para mejorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con cáncer. Este estudio contribuye a la promoción y divulgación de esa práctica.

Obtaining Bioactive Compounds from the Coffee Husk (Coffea arabica L.) Using Different Extraction Methods.

Coffee husks (Coffea arabica L.) are characterized by exhibiting secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, which can be used as raw material for obtaining bioactive compounds of interest in food. The objective of this study is to evaluate different methods for obtaining the raw material and extracting solutions of bioactive compounds from coffee husks. Water bath and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods were used, using water (100%) or ethanol (100%) or a mixture of both (1:1) as extracting solutions and the form of the raw material was in natura and dehydrated. The extracts were evaluated by their antioxidant potential using DPPH radicals, ABTS, and iron reduction (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)), and later total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified the phenolic majority compounds were identified. It was verified that the mixture of water and ethanol (1:1) showed better extraction capacity of the compounds with antioxidant activity and that both conventional (water bath) or unconventional (ultrasound) methods showed satisfactory results. Finally, a satisfactory amount of bioactive compounds was observed in evaluating the chemical composition (total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, as well as the analysis of the phenolic profile) of these extracts. Corroborating with the results of the antioxidant activities, the best extracting solution was generally the water and ethanol mixture (1:1) using a dehydrated husk and water bath as the best method, presenting higher levels of the bioactive compounds in question, with an emphasis on chlorogenic acid. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of coffee husk as raw material to obtain extracts of bioactive compounds is promising. Last, the conventional method (water bath) and the water and ethanol mixture (1:1) stood out among the methods and extracting solutions used for the dehydrated coffee husk.

A review on muscle activation behaviour during gait in shallow water and deep-water running and surface electromyography procedures.

BACKGROUND: Surface electromyography (sEMG) can provide information on muscle activation patterns during gait. OBJECTIVES: To characterize electromyographic activity during gait in shallow water and during deep-water running compare to on land and to review and analyse underwater surface-electromyographic (sEMG) procedures. SEARCH METHODS: Eight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE, SPORT Discus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, SCIELO, and LILACS) were searched from their inception to the December of 2019. SELECTION CRITERIA: The selected studies had to be related to electromyographic analysis of gait in an aquatic environment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The studies that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed by two independent reviewers and divided into four groups. RESULTS: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Lower muscle activation was found with treadmill water walking compared to treadmill land walking. With deep-water running, the leg muscles (tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis) have lower muscle activation when compared to on land running, but the trunk and thigh muscles have higher activation. CONCLUSION: If gait is performed on an aquatic treadmill, the muscles assessed had lower muscle activation when compared to land. During deep-water running activities, lower activation of the distal leg muscles and a higher activation thigh muscles were found when compared to on land. Studies did not follow standard processes in sEMG procedures.

Postnatal care of newborns in the family context: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the postnatal care practices of newborns in the family context from the scientific literature. METHODS: the searches of the integrative literature review were carried out in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed) databases. RESULTS: sixteen studies composed the final sample and, from these, two analytical categories emerged: Practices and doubts of families in postnatal care of newborns; and Best practices in postnatal care of newborns. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: several cultural practices of families differ from scientific recommendations, which can generate risks to the health of newborns. Therefore, it is essential to consolidate educational programs with family members, to improve the quality of care offered and to reduce preventable neonatal deaths in different socio-family contexts.

Antitumor activity of Moringa oleifera (drumstick tree) flower trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) in sarcoma 180-bearing mice.

The plant Moringa oleifera is used as food and medicine. M. oleifera flowers are source of protein, fiber, and antioxidants, and are used to treat inflammation and tumors. This work evaluated the antitumor activity of the M. oleifera flower trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Swiss female mice were inoculated with sarcoma 180 cells. Seven days later, the animals were treated intraperitoneally for 1 week with daily doses of PBS (control) or MoFTI (15 or 30 mg/kg). For toxicity assessment, water and food consumption, body and organ weights, histological alterations, and blood hematological and biochemical parameters were measured. Treatment with MoFTI caused pronounced reduction (90.1%-97.9%) in tumor weight. The tumors of treated animals had a reduced number of secondary vessels and lower gauge of the primary vessels compared to the control. No significant changes were observed in water and food consumption or in body and organ weights. Histopathological analysis did not indicate damage to the liver, kidneys, and spleen. In conclusion, MoFTI showed antitumor potential, with no clear evidence of toxicity.

Posturography Comparison and Discriminant Analysis Between Individuals With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate the center of pressure (CoP) in individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) compared with matched controls and perform discriminant analysis to detect which CoP variables differentiate the groups. METHODS: Thirty-two participants with LBP and 33 matched controls were evaluated on a force plate in a bipedal static position for 30 seconds in 2 conditions: eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). Two discriminant analyzes were performed to detect which CoP variables could discriminate between groups. RESULTS: Those with LBP had higher values (ie, poorer balance) for most variables compared with the control group. With EO, total displacement of sway (TDS) was as follows: LBP group (median [25%-75%]) 31.77 (26.39-41.79) cm, control group 27.21 (22.29-31.78) cm, P = .008 and area: LBP group 3.31 (2.33-4.68) cm2, control group 1.77 (1.3-2.71) cm2. With EC, TDS was as follows: LBP group 49.6 (39.65-68.15) cm, control group 38.77 (30.36; 45.65) cm, P = .003 and area: LBP group 4.68 (2.6-7.28) cm2, control group 2.4 (2.1-3.34) cm2. The discriminating variables in the EO condition were the TDS for the LBP group and the anteroposterior mean velocity for the control group, while in the EC condition they were mediolateral dispersion and area for the LBP group. CONCLUSION: Individuals with chronic LBP had worse postural control performance than matched controls, and it is possible to characterize those with and without LBP with CoP variables.