Osteopathic approach with a patient undergoing cardiac transplantation: the five diaphragms.

The case report presents a patient with a possible neuropathic sternal pain associated with a recent heart transplant procedure. The patient could not breathe deeply and move the upper limbs, with a trunk torsion, feeling a sharp pain under and around the left breastbone. A fascial osteopathic approach in the treatment of the pelvic floor, the respiratory diaphragm, the thoracic outlet, the tongue and the tentorium cerebelli allowed the patient to access to a cardiovascular rehabilitation program. In osteopathic medicine, these anatomical parts of the body are called the five diaphragms. To our best knowledge, this is the first case report that uses osteopathic treatment in a patient with sternal pain associated with an undergoing cardiac transplantation. The clinical importance of the case report is added to other osteopathic research with patients undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft) and with multiple benefits, without side effects. One of the main goals of osteopathic treatment is to provide the patient with well-being, from many clinical points of view, allowing the person to be discharged from the hospital more quickly and/or with less pain.

The Other Side of the Fascia: Visceral Fascia, Part 2.

In osteopathic clinical practice and in the teaching of osteopathic medicine, the visceral manipulation approach is included. The knowledge that some viscera satisfy the definition of fascial tissue will allow the osteopath to improve its practice. In the second part of the article, we will give a conclusive definition of fascia, and we will explain the embryological development of the heart and how the fascial tissue can be subject to manual treatment. This text is the first in the international scientific field that discusses the inclusion of some viscera in the context of what is considered fascia, through our committee for the definition and nomenclature of the fascial tissue of the Foundation of Osteopathic Research and Clinical Endorsement (FORCE).

The Anatomical Relationships of the Tongue with the Body System.

The tongue plays a fundamental role in several body functions such as swallowing, breathing, speaking, and chewing. Its action is not confined to the oral cavity, but it affects lower limb muscle strength and posture. The tongue is an organ that has an autocrine/paracrine mechanism of action to synthesize different substances to interact with the whole body; according to a line of thought, it is also an extension of the enteric system. The aim of this study was to review the functions of the tongue and its anatomical association with the body system. According to the authors' knowledge, this is the first scientific article focusing on the tongue in a systemic context. In a clinical evaluation, connections with the tongue should be considered to optimize the clinical examination of the tongue and therefore enhance rehabilitation programs and therapeutic results.