Phytochemical profiling and cytotoxic evaluation of Premna serratifolia L. against human liver cancer cell line.

Premna serratifolia L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant, widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions and commonly used in traditional medicine. The current study was focused to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of aqueous extract of root of P. serratifolia (AEPS) against human hepatoblastoma cancer cell line (Hep G2).The yield of the dried extract was 5.8% and used for further studies.Cytotoxic potential of AEPS was analyzed by MTT assay, which exhibits IC50 value 1000 µg/mL after 48 h incubation. Hoechst and AO/EtBr staining, ROS measurement, mitochondrial membrane potential, clonogenic and wound healing assays also confirmed the cytotoxic efficacy of AEPS in dose and time-dependent manner. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of AEPS confirmed the presence of 12polyphenolic compounds, namely 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, linarin, peonidin-3,5-O-di-beta-glucopyranoside, diosmin, trans-cinnamic acid, daidzein, saponarin, homoorietin, acacetin, sarsasapogenin, phytol and sissotrin. The cytotoxic potential of AEPS might due to presence of biologically active polyphenolic compounds.

Hepatoprotective efficacy of Premna integrifolia L. leaves against aflatoxin B1-induced toxicity in mice.

The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective role of ethanol extract of P. integrifolia leaves (EEPL) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced toxicity in mice. Mice were administered with AFB1 (0.1 mg/kg b. wt., orally) for 90 days, EEPL (400 and 600 mg/kg b. wt., orally) and silymarin (100 mg/kg b. wt., orally) in combination with AFB1. The study shows the protective effect of EEPL by the restoration of altered hematological indices and liver marker enzymes. Restoration of lipid peroxidation and glutathione content, along with activities of antioxidant enzymes, suggest amelioration of oxidative stress in AFB1-intoxicated mice. In addition, EEPL attenuated apoptosis and histopathological alterations in liver tissue. In conclusion, the current study suggests that EEPL protect mice liver against AFB1 toxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. The protective activity of EEPL may be due to the enrichment of flavonoids (neohesperidin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, catechin hydrate, cyanidin chloride, quercetin-3-galactoside, diosmin, genistein, malvin chloride, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinoside, myricitrin, poncirin, vitexin and tiliroside) in the extract as identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS.

Premna integrifolia ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity by modulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

The present study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of ethyl acetate extract of Premna integrifolia L. (EAEPI) leaves in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced hepatic injury in mice. Mice were intoxicated with CP (200 mg/kg b. wt., i.p.) for 5 weeks or EAEPI (400 and 600 mg/kg b. wt., orally) in combination with CP. The results demonstrated that EAEPI exerts protective effect against CP induced hepatotoxicity, as evident from restoration of altered haematological parameters and alleviations of liver marker enzymes in serum. EAEPI also attenuated oxidative stress and antioxidant markers as evident from reversal of lipid peroxidation, glutathione levels as well as activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. Moreover, EAEPI attenuated apoptosis and histopathological liver tissue damage in CP-intoxicated mice. In conclusion, EAEPI could protect mice liver against cyclophosphamide toxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis.The protective activity of EAEPI may be due to presence of polyphenolic compounds as identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.