[Aspiration test as dental anesthesia safety criterion]. / Aspiratsionnyi test kak kriterii bezopasnosti obezbolivaniya v stomatologii.

Intravascular anesthetic injection can lead to acute toxic reaction even the minimal dose of the drug was administered. The aspiration test is a generally accepted standard for local anesthesia in medicine, specially designed to reduce the risk of emergency conditions. Medical instruments should be adapted for aspiration test, the local anesthetic carpule should have a retention notch, and the dental syringe plunger need to have retention elements. The aspiration test protocol may vary. For legal protection of the doctor the aspiration test result should be described in the patient's medical record.

[Lower teeth anesthesia in patients with limited mouth opening]. / Obezbolivanie nizhnikh zubov u patsientov s ogranicheniem otkryvaniya rta.

Limited mouth opening is a common pathology in dental practice. Dental treatment of these group patients is hindered by low access to oral cavity, which complicates operative, prosthetic and surgical interventions. Local anesthesia is also difficult due to changes in anatomical landmarks, changes in bone structures and soft tissues ratio. M.M. Weisbrem and Gow-Gates technique in case with limited mouth opening 1-2 cm is ineffective. Mandibular convention block is more universal, as it is oriented to bone structures without binding to soft tissues. Variation of local anesthesia techniques at a various mouth opening degrees are offered.