Analysis of the dose-sparing effect of adjuvanted Sabin-inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV).

Sabin-based inactivated poliovirus vaccine(sIPV) is gradually replacing live-attenuated oral polio vaccine(OPV). Sabin-inactivated poliovirus vaccine(sIPV) has played a vital role in reducing economic burden of poliomyelitis and maintaining appropriate antibody levels in the population. However, due to its high cost and limited manufacturing capacity, sIPV cannot reach its full potential for global poliovirus eradication in developing countries. Therefore, to address this situation, we designed this study to evaluate the dose-sparing effects of AS03, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) admixed with sIPV in rats. Our results showed that a combination of 1/4-dose sIPV adjuvanted with AS03 or AS03 with BW006 provides a seroconversion rate similar to that of full-dose sIPV without adjuvant and that, this rate is 5-fold higher than that of 1/4-dose sIPV without adjuvant after the first immunization. The combination of AS03 or AS03 with BW006 as an adjuvant effectively reduced sIPV dose by at least 4-fold and induced both humoral and cellular immune responses. Therefore, our study revealed that the combination of AS03 or AS03 with BW006 is a promising adjuvant for sIPV development.

[Hasubanan type alkaloids in Stephania hernandifolia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the hasubanan type alkaloids in Stephania hernandifolia. METHOD: The dried herbs of S. hernandifolia. were extracted with 95% ethanol. After removal of the solvent, the residue was first partitioned between acid water and petroleum ether, then the aqueous layer was basified and extracted with chloroform to obtain crude alkaloids. Column chromatograghic methods with on silica gel, Rp-18, MCI CHP 20P, Sephadex LH-20 were applied for the isolation and purification of the crude alkaloid fraction. The structures were elucidated by their physicochemical properties and spectral data. RESULT: Nine hasubanan type alkaloids were obtained and identified as aknadinine(1), longanone(2), stephasunoline (3), N-methylstephuline(4), epistephamiersine(5), prostephabyssine(6), aknadilactam(7), dihydroepistephamiersine(8), hasubanonine(9). CONCLUSION: Compounds 2-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

[Alkaloids in stems and leaves of Stephania cepharantha].

OBJECTIVE: To study the alkaloids in the stems and leaves of Stephania cepharantha. METHOD: The dried stems and leaves of S. cepharantha were percolated with 95% ethanol and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to give a concentrate, and the concentrate was extracted by petroleum ether and chloroform. Column chromatograghy on MCI CHP 20P, silica gel, Rp-18, Sephadex LH-20 and polyamide were applied for the isolation and purification of the chloroform fraction. The structures were elucidated by their physicochemical properties and spectral data. RESULT: Eleven alkaloids were obtained and identified as lysicamine (1), tetrahadropalmatine (2), palmatine (3), isocorydione (4), corydalmine (5), corypalmine (6), sinoracutine (7), sinoacutine (8), cepharamine (9), isocorydine (10) and corydine (11). CONCLUSION: Compounds 2-7 were isolated from S. cepharantha for the first time, and compound 7 was isolated from the genus Stephania for the first time, compound 4 was isolated from the Menispermaceae family for the first time.