RESUMEN
Kiwifruit (KF) contains bioactive compounds with potential anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of KF on gastric and duodenal damage induced by soluble aspirin in healthy rats. Sixty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were allocated to eight experimental treatments (n = 8) and the experimental diets were fed for 14 days ad libitum. The experimental diets were 20% fresh pureed KF (green-fleshed and gold-fleshed) or 10% glucose solution (control diet). A positive anti-inflammatory control treatment (ranitidine) was included. At the end of the 14-day feeding period, the rats were fasted overnight, and the following morning soluble aspirin (400 mg/kg aspirin) or water (control) was administered by oral gavage. Four hours after aspirin administration, the rats were euthanized and samples taken for analysis. We observed no significant ulcer formation or increase in infiltration of the gastric mucosal inflammatory cells in the rats with the aspirin treatment. Despite this, there were significant changes in gene expression, such as in the duodenum of aspirin-treated rats fed green KF where there was increased expression of inflammation-related genes NOS2 and TNF-alpha. We also observed that gold and green KF diets had a number of contrasting effects on genes related to inflammation and gastro-protective effects.
Asunto(s)
Actinidia/química , Aspirina/efectos adversos , Duodeno/patología , Frutas/química , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Inflamación/genética , Estómago/patología , Animales , Proteínas CLOCK/genética , Proteínas CLOCK/metabolismo , Duodeno/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Inflamación/patología , Masculino , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Análisis de Componente Principal , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Estómago/efectos de los fármacos , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamiento farmacológico , Úlcera Gástrica/genética , Úlcera Gástrica/patología , Proteínas de Uniones Estrechas/genética , Proteínas de Uniones Estrechas/metabolismo , Triptófano/metabolismoRESUMEN
A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon. The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7â% sequence similarity). Strain 14T shared ~99â% sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter. Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose. TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella. Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae. The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).