Allyl methyl sulfide, a garlic active component mitigates hyperglycemia by restoration of circulatory antioxidant status and attenuating glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-induced experimental rats.

Diabetes is a major noncommunicable life-threatening chronic and pervasive condition that is consuming the world health in a petrifying rate. The circulatory system is one of the major sources of hyperglycemia-induced ROS generation. Historically, garlic has been revered as part of a healthful diet. Organosulfur compounds have been attributed to the medicinal properties and health benefits of garlic. The present study focuses on the ameliorative role of allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) in combating diabetic complications in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection (i.p), of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg b.w). STZ treated diabetic rats showed significant augment in plasma glucose level, lipidperoxidative (LPO) markers, glycoprotein components (hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid, and fucose), and significant decline in plasma insulin level, nonenzymatic antioxidants and activities of antioxidant enzymes in the circulatory system and tissues. Further, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining of hepatic and renal tissues revealed positive stain accumulation and Western blot investigation of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT 2) in pancreas of STZ-induced hyperglycemic rats. Dietary intervention with AMS (100 mg/kg b.w) for 30 days demonstrated significant protective effects on all the biochemical parameters studied. Besides, biochemical findings were corroborated by histological exertion and Western blot study. The findings of current investigations recommended that AMS can ameliorate the consequences of diabetes due to their antioxidant efficacy and can be used as a potential therapeutic approach. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical application of AMS.

Allyl methyl sulfide, an organosulfur compound alleviates hyperglycemia mediated hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin - induced experimental rats.

Therapeutic approaches based on dietary compounds obtained from food products to handle diabetes involving oxidative stress and inflammation. Garlic is a common spice and has a long history as a folk remedy. Allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) is a potential garlic-derived organosulfur compound displaying a substantial range of optimistic actions in various diseases. Herein, we investigated the potential role of AMS in ameliorating the effects of oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental rats. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (40 mg/kg/b.w). STZ-induced hyperglycemic rats received daily intragastric doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/b.w of the AMS for 30 days. Dietary intervention of AMS (100 mg/kg b.w) resulted in significant attenuation in blood glucose and expression of pro-inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB p65 unit and significant elevation in the plasma insulin level. Moreover, AMS instigated a marked enhance in the levels of hepatic tissue non enzymatic antioxidants and the activities enzymatic antioxidants of diabetic rats with significant decline in lipid peroxides and hydroperoxides formation, serum biomarkers of liver damage, thus representing the protecting efficacy of AMS in hyperglycemic state. The pathological abnormalities in hepatic tissues of diabetic rats were significantly ameliorated by AMS supplementation and offered great support to the biochemical findings. These conclusions explicate the prospective use of AMS as a promising compound against glucotoxicity mediated hepatic oxidative dysfunction in rats. Clinical trials in validating this benefit for optimizing the AMS nutrition are however warranted.

Betanin exhibits significant potential as an antihyperglycemic and attenuating the glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced experimental rats.

This study hypothesized to evaluate the effect of betanin, a chromoalkaloid on plasma and altered tissues glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg b.w.) dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) 15 min after the i.p. administration of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg b.w.). Experimental rats were administered betanin at the dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. and glibenclamide (600 µg/kg b.w.) once a day for 30 days. Diabetic rats revealed significant (p < 0.05) increase in the levels of glucose, HbA1C, hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose in the plasma; decrease in the levels of plasma insulin, Hb and sialic acid in the liver and kidney; significant (p < 0.05) increase in hexose, hexosamine and fucose in the liver and kidney. Moreover, periodic acid-Schiff staining of tissues revealed positive-stain accumulation in diabetic rats. On co-supplementation of betanin and glibenclamide to diabetic rats for the period of 30 days brought back the levels of plasma and tissues glycoprotein components. Based on the present study, we propose that betanin possesses significant protective effect on glycoprotein components in plasma and tissue of diabetic rats.