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Background This study investigates Merremia emarginata's curative effectiveness against colon cancer cells. M. emarginata, often known as Elika jemudu, is a Convolvulaceae family plant. The inhibitory ability of anticancer herbal extracts against cancer cell growth and mediators is tested. Aim This study aims to evaluate the potent anticancer activity of M. emarginata against colon cancer cell line (HT-29). Materials and methods M. emarginata leaves were gathered and processed using solvent extraction. Anticancer activity on colon cancer cells was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and cysteine aspartic acid protease-3 (caspase 3), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) mRNA expressions. The data was reported as the mean ± SD of three separate experiments done in triplicate. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a p-value less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results The cell viability test showed a gradual decrease in cell growth and proliferation as the concentration increased. The ethanolic extract of M. emarginata was found to be cytotoxic against colon caller cell lines. The extract was able to induce apoptosis of cancer as revealed by Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and caspase-3 (p<0.05 and p<0.001) signaling pathways. Conclusion M. emarginata extracts showed good anticancer activity against colon cancer cell lines. Further work is required to establish and identify the chemical constituent responsible for its anticancer activity.
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Background Currently, nanotechnology is a rapidly advancing field of research. Because of their nanoscale dimensions, nanoparticles (NPs) find application in a wide range of industries, including engineering and medicine. The leaves of Suaeda monoica have anti-inflammatory qualities. The purpose of this study was to create SrO NPs isolated from the leaves of S. monoica aqueous extract and to evaluate their anti-inflammatory efficacy. The S. monoica saltmarsh, commonly known as South-Indian Seepweed, is a mangrove-associated plant and has been used as traditional medicine for decades with multifunctional biological activity. Objectives The aim of our study is to biosynthesize strontium oxide NPs from S. monoica saltmarsh and to see whether they have any anti-inflammatory properties. Materials and methods In the present study, the pharmacological significance was studied using crude extract and synthesized SrO NPs from S. monoica. The synthesized SrO NPs were characterized using UV spectrophotometry. The in vitro anti-inflammatory assay was analyzed using egg albumin denaturation. SrO NPs' peak observance was found at 630 nm, and a graph was plotted for the zone of inhibition vs concentration and compared with the standard. Results It was observed that the color of the SrO NPs deepened during the synthesis process. Furthermore, at a wavelength of 630 nm, the UV spectrum analysis showed a noteworthy absorption value of 1.4. The activity of inflammatory enzymes is significantly impacted by the anti-inflammatory properties of SrO NPs in the protein denaturation inhibition test. Conclusions The application of SrO NPs in the synthesis process has the potential to enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of Suaeda monoica as evidenced by the observed increase in anti-inflammatory capacity and defense against infections and injury.
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Background The value and use of medicinal plants, including the widespread cultivation of Rosmarinus officinalis, have increased rapidly. R. officinalis, a medicinal plant native to the Mediterranean, has received attention for its potential therapeutic benefits. This study evaluates R. officinalis anticancer activity using human epithelial carcinoma (KB) cell lines derived from nasopharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma. The KB cell line is known for its increased sensitivity to specific chemotherapeutic agents (CA), making it a useful model in cancer research. The impact of R. officinalis is assessed using comprehensive analyses of cell viability and gene expression. Aim This study aims to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of R. officinalis on KB cell lines. Materials and methods The R. officinalis leaf extract was separated and used to treat KB cell lines. The cell viability of treated KB cells was determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) and tumor-inducing metalloproteins (TIMP-1) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) genes. The statistical analysis was performed. Results This study analyzes the anticancer properties of R. officinalis on KB cell lines. The results show that increasing the concentration of rosemary extract reduces cell viability in malignant cells. Furthermore, the R. officinalis effect on the apoptotic signaling system is demonstrated by a decrease in MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA expressions, as observed by RT-PCR analysis. Conclusion Patients looking for natural anticancer treatments may benefit from biogenically prepared anticancer drugs. The current research focuses on R. officinalis as a potential alternative to chemically synthesized anticancer drugs.
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BACKGROUND: Scientists are currently investigating ecologically sound and enduring techniques for nanoparticle production. Utilizing natural sources such as plant extracts provides an environmentally friendly and economically efficient method. Avicennia marina, also referred to as the gray mangrove, is predominantly located in coastal regions. The leaves of this plant may contain bioactive metabolites that can be used to synthesize nanoparticles. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using A. marina leaf extract and subsequently assess their antibacterial properties against oral pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present research involved the successful synthesis of AgNPs using an environmentally sustainable method employing the leaf extract of A. marina. The reduction of Ag ions to AgNPs was confirmed using UV-visible spectroscopy. This analytical technique revealed the presence of a distinct surface plasmon resonance peak at approximately 420 nm, which is indicative of the formation of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) operating within the frequency range of 500-3500 cm-1 and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology of the image indicated agglomeration of the nanoparticles, with distinct particles ranging from 10 to 20 nm and dense rod-shape, which was carried out from Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. In energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), a strong signal and maximum formation percentage were received at 42.7%, assigned to the element silver. RESULTS: AgNPs showed significant antibacterial efficacy against both gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, and gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella sp. In general, the use of A. marina leaf extract for the green synthesis of AgNPs is a viable and environmentally friendly approach for producing nanoparticles that exhibit favorable biological properties. Consequently, these nanoparticles hold considerable appeal as potential candidates for a range of biomedical applications, particularly as antibacterial agents. CONCLUSION: The synthesis of AgNPs using A. marina leaf extract shows great potential in the field of creating nanomaterials that are compatible with biological systems and is promising for a wide range of clinical applications. Nevertheless, it is imperative to conduct comprehensive scientific research and rigorous clinical trials to effectively apply these discoveries to real-world medical interventions, while prioritizing patient safety and therapeutic effectiveness.