RESUMEN
The clinical and bacteriological efficacy and adverse reactions of ofloxacin vs trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole were investigated in a double-blind, randomised study in 250 female patients (125 in each group) with acute, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. The dosages of ofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole were 100mg and 160mg + 800mg twice daily, respectively. The duration of therapy was 3 days. 81% of the patients had significant bacteriuria. Escherichia coli was isolated in 76% and Staphylococcus saprophyticus in 11% of the infections. The bacteriological elimination, clinical cure and improvement rates of the evaluable patients on ofloxacin treatment were 92 and 95%, respectively. The corresponding figures on trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole therapy were 88 and 90%. Adverse reactions were clinically unimportant, and none of the patients had to stop treatment. Mild and transient side effects, mainly from the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system and skin, were reported by 19 and 22% of the patients in the ofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole groups, respectively. None of the differences in clinical and bacteriological efficacy and side effects of ofloxacin vs trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole were statistically significant. Ofloxacin appears to be an appropriate antibiotic for short term therapy of acute, uncomplicated, lower urinary tract infections, comparing favourably with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole treatment in this study.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Cistitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Oxazinas/uso terapéutico , Sulfametoxazol/uso terapéutico , Trimetoprim/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad Aguda , Antiinfecciosos/efectos adversos , Antiinfecciosos/farmacocinética , Cistitis/microbiología , Combinación de Medicamentos/efectos adversos , Combinación de Medicamentos/farmacocinética , Combinación de Medicamentos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ofloxacino , Oxazinas/efectos adversos , Oxazinas/farmacocinética , Embarazo , Sulfametoxazol/efectos adversos , Sulfametoxazol/farmacocinética , Trimetoprim/efectos adversos , Trimetoprim/farmacocinética , Combinación Trimetoprim y SulfametoxazolRESUMEN
Pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficiency of azlocillin were investigated in three patients with terminal renal failure both during and without haemodialysis. All patients were treated for urinary tract infections with azlocillin 2 g three times daily for a period of ten days. Mean serum half-lives off dialysis were 251 min and on dialysis 202 min. Azlocillin clearances increased from a mean value of 58.7 ml/min off dialysis to 72.6 ml/min on dialysis. Urinary excretion of the total daily dose of azlocillin was less than 5% for all patients, but from day 2 onwards all patients had urine levels which were more than 8 times above the approximate MIC value of the infecting bacteria.