The effect of berberine supplementation on obesity indices: A dose- response meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: and purpose: Clinical studies investigating the effects of berberine supplementation on anthropometric indices in humans have generated inconsistent results. Thus, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to clarify the effects of berberine supplementation on obesity indices in human subjects. METHODS: Several online medical databases were systematically searched up to February 2019. All clinical trials exploring the effects of berberine supplementation on indices of obesity were included. The combined weighted mean difference (WMD) of eligible studies was assessed using a random-effects model. We evaluated publication bias by using the Egger's test. RESULTS: Overall, 10 studies were included. The combined outcomes suggested a significant influence of berberine administration on body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -0.29 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.51 to -0.08, p = 0.006) and waist circumference (WC) (WMD: -2.75 cm, 95% CI: -4.88 to -0.62, p = 0.01). However, berberine supplementation yielded no significant decline in body weight (BW) (WMD: -0.11 kg, 95% CI: -0.99 to 0.76, p = 0.79). Following the dose-response evaluation, berberine intake was found to significantly reduce BMI (r = -0.02) and WC (r = -0.72) based on treatment duration. CONCLUSION: The results of the current study support the use of berberine supplementation for the improvement of obesity indices.

Impact of phytosterol supplementation on plasma lipoprotein(a) and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although some earlier studies have indicated the effect of phytosterol (PS) supplementation on serum lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and free fatty acid (FFA) concentration, findings are still conflicting. We aimed to assess the impact of PS supplementation on serum Lp(a) and FFA concentration through a systematic review and meta-analysis of available RCTs. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a systematic search of all available RCTs conducted up to 21 February 2019 in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. The choice of fixed- or random-effect model for analysis was determined according to the I2 statistic. Effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Pooling of 12 effect sizes from seven articles revealed a significant reduction of Lp(a) levels following PS supplementation (MD: -0.025 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.045, -0.004, p = 0.017) without significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.599). Also, PS supplementation significantly lowered FFA (MD: -0.138 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.195, -0.081, p = 0.000) without significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.911). The results for meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were not significant. CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis suggests that oral PS supplementation could cause a significant reduction in serum Lp(a) and FFA.

The effect of green-coffee extract supplementation on obesity: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: Given that the most recent systematic review investigating Green-Coffee Extract (GCE) as a weight loss facilitator was nearly a decade ago and that the authors reported there no consensus on the effect of GCE/CGA (Chlorogenic acids) on body composition indices, a comprehensive systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of all available randomized controlled trial (RCTs) was undertaken to examine the effect of GCE and CGA intervention on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in adults. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) performed up to June 2019 in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. RCTs that investigated the effect GCE/CGA Supplementation on BW, BMI and WC in adults were included for final analysis. The pooled weight mean difference (WMD) of included studies was estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 13 articles with 16 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Results revealed significant reduction in BMI (WMD: -0.403 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.800, -0.005, p = 0.047) and no significant change in BW (WMD: -0.585 kg, 95% CI: -1.498, 0.329, p = 0.210) and WC (WMD: -0.847 cm, 95% CI: -1.764, 0.071, p = 0.070). In the subgroup analysis, studies that were conducted on baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 revealed a significant greater reduction in body weight and BMI than those performed on baseline BMI <25 kg/m2. Moreover, short supplementation periods of less than 4 weeks had no effect. CONCLUSION: The results of current meta-analysis study support the use of GCE supplementation for the improvement of obesity indices, with sub-group analysis highlighting greater improvements in individuals with a starting BMI ≥25 kg/m2.

The effect of green coffee extract supplementation on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Given the proliferation in studies investigating green coffee bean extract (GCBE) supplementation, the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of GCBE supplementation on indices of blood pressure. The literature search was performed in four databases, namely, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, to identify clinical trials that examined the effects of green coffee supplements on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) up to February 2019. Mean change and standard deviation (SD) of the outcome measures were used to estimate the mean difference between the intervention group and the control group at follow-up. Nine studies reported SBP and DBP as an outcome measure. Results revealed significant reduction in SBP (weighted mean difference: -3.093 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.914, -2.273; I2 = 0.0%) and DBP (-2.170 mmHg, 95% CI: -2.749, -1.590; I2 = 46.5%) after green coffee supplementation with low heterogeneity among the studies. In addition, in subgroup analysis, a significant reduction in SBP and DBP in studies with hypertensive patients, green coffee dosage <400 mg, and administered for 4 weeks was identified. The results of the current meta-analysis study support the use of GCBE supplementation for the improvement of blood pressure indices, with subgroup analysis highlighting improvements in hypertensive patients.