Effect of glutamine supplementation on lymphocyte subsets in children with acute diarrhea.

To study the effect of glutamine supplementation on lymphocyte subpopulation counts in children with acute diarrhea, children aged 6-24 months were enrolled in a double-blind randomized study. Cases had received either 0.3 g/kg/day of glutamine or placebo orally for seven days. The counts of blood leukocytes, lymphocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16+CD56+) were determined both on admission and seven days later using a flow cytometry. When adjusting for sex, current breastfeeding status, dehydration, and nutritional status of children, lymphocyte subpopulations did not differ significantly between the glutamine- and placebo-supplemented groups on the 7th day of intervention.

The effect of glutamine supplementation on hematopoietic stem cell transplant outcome in children: a case-control study.

HSCT associated morbidity and mortality is usually attributed to high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy regimens used for conditioning. Glutamine (Gln), a conditionally essential amino acid during severe catabolic states, has been shown to have favorable effects in patients with malignancies and in those undergoing HSCT. However, controversy exists regarding its routine use. Studies in children investigating gln supplementation are very limited. In the present study, including 21 gln-supplemented and 20 control pediatric patients, gln supplementation was shown to reduce the duration of fever and decrease the incidence of SOS during the HSCT course. In addition, a decrease in drug-related toxicity and a trend toward reduced incidence of severe mucositis were observed.

Effect of glutamine supplementation on diarrhea, interleukin-8 and secretory immunoglobulin A in children with acute diarrhea.

OBJECTIVE: Glutamine is an important fuel for rapidly dividing cells such as enterocytes and lymphocytes. Exogenous glutamine supplementation in catabolic states preserves intestinal mucosal structure and function, decreases bacterial translocation, and supports normal immunologic responses. This study was planned to assess the effect of glutamine supplementation on duration and severity of diarrhea and to assess its immunomodulatory effect by measuring serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) and salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in children with acute diarrhea. METHODS: In this placebo-controlled, double-blind and randomized trial, 6- to 24-month-old otherwise healthy children admitted to the Diarrheal Diseases Training and Treatment Center with acute diarrhea received either 0.3 g/kg/day of glutamine (n = 63) or placebo (n = 65) for 7 days. Serum IL-8 and sIgA levels were determined on admission and 7 days later. All cases were followed until the diarrheal episode ended. Anthropometric measurements and history of subsequent infectious diseases were monitored monthly for 3 months after treatment. RESULTS: Mean duration of diarrhea in the glutamine treated group was significantly shorter than that of the placebo group (3.40 +/- 1.96 days, 4.57 +/- 2.48 days, respectively; P = 0.004). No differences in serum IL-8 and sIgA were found between groups on admission or 1 week later. During 3 month follow-up, mean weight gain and incidence of infectious diseases were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Duration of diarrhea was shorter in children supplemented with glutamine. The beneficial impact of glutamine supplementation seems to be through effects on gastrointestinal mucosa rather than the host immune response.