RESUMEN
La familia Asclepiadaceae posee tradición en etnomedicina. En el nordeste argentino, A.mellodora y A. curassavica se utilizan como cataplasmas en accidentes de ofidios. En este trabajo, los extractos acuosos, etanólicos y hexánicos de A. mellodora y A. curassavica se evaluaron por SDS-PAGE para determinar su actividad alexitérica. El estudio in vitro de la capacidad inhibitoria de las actividades proteolítica, hemolítica indirecta y coagulante permitieron determinar que ambas especies manifiestan actividad, siendo A. mellodora más activa. Estadísticamente los extractos de A. mellodora fueron igualmente activos contra el veneno de Bothrops diporus y no mostraron diferencias significativas respecto del órgano utilizado en la inhibición de la actividad coagulante. Este resultado está en consonancia con la forma tradicional de su uso como cataplasma. Sobre el extracto etanólico de las raíces de A. mellodora se realizó un fraccionamiento bioguiado que permitió identificar fracciones de compuestos responsables de la actividad.
The Aclepiadaceae family has been reported by its use in ethnomedicine. In the northeast of Argentina, A. mellodora and A. curassavica are traditionally used in ofidic accidents as poultices. In this work, aqueous, alcoholic and hexanoic extracts were analyzed by SDS-PAGE to determine their anti-snake activity. The in vitro study of the inhibitory ability of the following activities: proteolytic, indirect hemolytic activity and inhibition of the coagulant activity, allowed demonstrating that both species were active against venom, being A. mellodora the most active. Statistically, all extracts of A. mellodora were active against venom in the inhibition of the coagulant activity, without significant differences with respect to the organ used; which is consistent with the traditional use as external poultice. The alcoholic extract of A. mellodora roots was subjected to a bio-guided separation. The fractions obtained were enriched in compounds which could probably be responsible for the activity against venom.
Asunto(s)
Antivenenos/farmacología , Asclepias/química , Venenos de Crotálidos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Argentina , Bothrops , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Técnicas In Vitro , Medicina TradicionalRESUMEN
Leaves extracts and essential oil of Nectandra angustifolia were explored for the first time for neutralization of Bothrops neuwiedi diporus snake venom. The ethanol extract was the most active and inhibited both venom activities (hemolytic and coagulant), while the oil was only active on the coagulant activity. These observations confirmed that certain medicinal plants from Corrientes and Chaco Provinces possess significant snake venom neutralizing capacity and need further examination for their active constituents. Analysis by GC and GC-MS of the essential oil and the enantiomeric excess found for alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and limonene allowed a better characterization of this species.