RESUMEN
Paullinia cupana Kunth., commonly named Guaraná, is a plant from Brazil used as stimulant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of extracts and tannins-rich and methylxanthines-free fraction from guaraná in the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect in vitro. Extract 1 obtained good yields of tannins and methylxanthines and was used to identify a type-A procyanidin trimer by LC-ESI-MS. Fraction 4 was rich in tannins and absent of methylxanthines. The extracts and fraction exhibited strong capacity for scavenging DPPH radical with IC50 between 5.88 and 42.75-µg/mL and inhibited TNF-α release by LPS-activated THP-1 cells when compared with control cells and did not present toxicity to THP-1 cells. The fraction 4, rich in tannins, was highly active, with IC50 5.88 µg/mL by DPPH method and inhibited TNF-α release in 83.50% at 90 µg/mL. These results reinforced potential anti-inflammatory of guaraná and data for new therapeutic approaches.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Paullinia/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Brasil , Cafeína/química , Línea Celular , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Humanos , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Monocitos/citología , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Monocitos/metabolismo , Paullinia/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Semillas/química , Semillas/metabolismo , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray , Teobromina/química , Teofilina/química , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Paullinia cupana is a plant native to Brazil that is widely used in traditional medicine as a physical and mental stimulant. It is also used worldwide to produce soft drinks. A method for the simultaneous quantitation of seven markers in guaraná by HPLC-PDA was developed, and extraction methods for the determination of methylxanthines and tannins were investigated. Quantified substances were theobromine, theophylline, caffeine, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidins A2 and B2. Results confirmed the satisfactory selectivity and linearity (r2≥0.99) within the mass ranges. Repeatability (RSD≤2.80%), intermediate precision (RSD≤4.47%), accuracy (recoveries from 90.59%-104.67%), and robustness were demonstrated. Extract 1 presented the contents: 0.0177% (±1.02%) for theobromine, 0.0131% (±1.14%) for theophylline, 2.9429% (±1.27%) for caffeine, 0.4563% (±1.02%) for catechin, 0.5515% (±1.05%) for epicatechin, 0.0607% (±2.80%) for A2 and 0.1035% (±1.39%) for B2. The method for simultaneous quantitation of seven chemical markers in guaraná proved to be reliable using a simple and convenient HPLC setup.