[The rate and pattern of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis at various sites of the disease].

Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) to essential and reserve antituberculous drugs (ATD) was monitored in patients with tuberculosis of respiratory organs (ROT) and at extrapulmonary sites (EPT) in 2005-2007. The standard indirect absolute concentration technique was used to study the drug resistance of 578 MBT strains from pretreated patients with ROT and that of 159 MT strains from those with EPT. With all sites of tuberculosis, a poor trend continues to show an increase in the total frequency of MBT resistance (from 82.3 to 85.2% in ROT and from 43.7 to 59.3% in EPT) and its severer pattern due to MRD (from 69.5 to 78.0% in patients with ROT and from 20.8 to 35.5% in those with EPT). The rate of MTB resistance to 4 ATDs or more is 73.7 and 34.6% in patients with ROT and in those with ERT, respectively. The total resistance of MBT to 7-8 ATDs was revealed in every three patients with ROT (33.0%) and in 12.6% of those with EPT.

[Determining dehydrogenase activity as a method of accelerated indication of the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis]. / Opredelenie degidrogenaznoi aktivnosti kak metod uskorennoi indikatsii zhiznesposobnosti mikobakterii tuberkuleza

A comparative effectiveness of mycobacterial dehydrogenase activity (DHA) determination was studied with the help of the following stains: methylene blue, malachite green and tetrazole derivative--triphenyl tetrazole chloride (TTC). Best result were obtained with TTC tests which allowed a reliable registration of M. tuberculosis culture viability. On the basis of indication of M. tuberculosis viability by DHA, accelerated techniques were developed to determine mycobacterial drug resistance to the main antituberculous preparations and blood bacteriostatic activity. These techniques are available for practical laboratories, economical and safe in work.

[Effect of terrilytin on tissue bacteriostatic activity in the chemotherapy of renal and female genital tuberculosis in an experiment]. / Vliianie terrilitina na bakteriostaticheskuiu aktivnost' tkanei pri khimioterapii tuberkuleza pochek i zhenskikh polovykh organov v éksperimente.

The effect of terrilytin on the bacteriostatic activity of the tissues (BAT) under conditions of antibacterial therapy was studied on experimental models of tuberculosis of the kidneys and female genitalia in 46 rabbits. It was shown statistically that terrilytin promoted an increase in the BAT and might be used as an agent increasing the effect of antibacterial therapy of tuberculosis. The level of the increase of the BAT depended on its initial level which was inversely proportional to the level of the lesions. At the same time the effect of terrilytin was directly proportional to the level of these lesions unfavourable for the drug penetration into the tissues and tuberculous foci. The results of the study are promising in increasing the efficacy of antibacterial therapy of extrapulmonary tuberculosis of the above localizations by the use of terrilytin.