Experiences of Indonesian nurses in improving preterm oral feeding readiness in special care units: A qualitative descriptive study.

Background: Many preterm infants face feeding difficulties during the transition from enteral to oral feeding due to organ immaturity, resulting in aspiration, airway instability, and oral feeding intolerance. These challenges can increase morbidity and mortality among preterm infants. Nurses play a vital role in providing interventions to minimize negative impacts and enhance the safety of preterm oral feeding. Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of Indonesian nurses in improving preterm oral feeding readiness. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted involving ten nurses working in intensive care units as participants through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews conducted from January to March 2023. Thematic analysis was applied for data analysis. Results: Four key themes developed in this study: 1) comprehensive and holistic nursing assessment, 2) challenging and complex nursing issues, 3) the need for nutritional management skills, and 4) the necessity of collaborative support. Conclusion: Nurses play a pivotal role in enhancing oral feeding readiness among premature infants. Their responsibilities include assessing oral feeding readiness, addressing nursing challenges, and implementing multidisciplinary stimulation involving parents. This study provides a foundational framework for developing interventions to improve preterm oral feeding readiness.

The Effects of the COMMASH-E Intervention on the Fatigue, Sleep Quality and Functional Status of Children with Cancer in Indonesia.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the combined music and sleep hygiene education (COMMASH-E) intervention on the fatigue, sleep quality and functional status of children with cancer residing in temporary lodges in Indonesia. The design of this study was a quasi-experimental pre-post test with a control group. We recruited children with cancer aged 7-18 years (n = 58) using a consecutive sampling method and assigned them to intervention and control groups (n = 29 in each group). The intervention group had the COMMASH-E intervention while the control group received routine care. Fatigue, sleep quality and functional status were measured on days 1 and 4 using Allen's Fatigue in Childhood Cancer Scale, the Sleep Problem in Children Scale and the Barthel Index, respectively. T-dependent and independent tests and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) tests were performed for the data analysis. There were significant differences in fatigue, sleep quality and functional status between the intervention and control groups after the COMMASH-E intervention. Nonetheless, chemotherapy drugs contributed to the children's sleep quality. COMMASH-E was found to be more effective than routine care in the reducing fatigue and increasing the sleep quality and functional status of children with cancer.

Music Therapy and Story Telling: Nursing Interventions to Improve Sleep in Hospitalized Children.

Music therapy and story telling are examples of nursing interventions that facilitate the management of sleep disturbance in children. However, only a few studies have addressed the effectiveness of music therapy and storytelling on hospitalized children. This study aimed to examine the effect of music therapy and storytelling on sleep disturbance in hospitalized children for various medical conditions. This recent study was a preliminary study that included two intervention groups without a control group. This study involved 31 children with ages ranging from infancy to school age who were assigned to a 3-day music therapy or storytelling intervention group. Group 1 received music therapy (n = 16) and group 2 was provided with story telling (n = 15). Data collection was conducted from February through April 2018 in an infectious diseases ward of a hospital in Jakarta. Data related to sleep disturbance in children was collected using GATIA scale, an instrument measuring a sleep disturbance scale. Study results showed a significant change in the average of sleep disturbance scale score in both group 1 and group 2 (p < α; α = .05) which demonstrate that both music therapy and story telling improved scores on a sleep disturbance scale in hospitalized children. Music therapy and story telling were equally effective in managing sleep disturbance in children. Music therapy and story telling are safe, cheap, and convenient interventions that can improve the quality of sleep in children during hospitalization.

The Effects of Modified Pursed Lips Breathing on Oxygenation Status in Children.

Respiratory disease in children can contribute to damaged alveoli, frailty of respiratory muscles, reduced lung function, impaired gas exchange, and gas retention in the airway. Such condition may lead to disruption of oxygen status. This study aimed to examine the effects of modified pursed lips breathing (PLB) by blowing into a water-filled bottle through a straw and a party whistle on the oxygenation status in children with oxygenation problems. This study used a quasi-experiment method with a pretest-posttest without a control group design approach. The sample consisted of 32 school-aged children and adolescents who were divided into two intervention groups. Group 1 underwent modified PLB by blowing into a water-filled bottle through a straw and Group 2 was provided with modified PLB by blowing a party whistle. The intervention was conducted one time in a day, in a rest time, for 10 min. The results showed that modified PLB by blowing into a water-filled bottle through a straw was more effective in reducing respiratory rate (RR) and improving oxygen saturation (SpO2) than modified PLB by blowing a party whistle. Modified PLB intervention by blowing into a water-filled bottle through a straw improved the oxygenation status of children affected by oxygenation problems. This intervention can be implemented as an independent nursing intervention to improve children's oxygenation status.

The Utilization of Traditional Medicine to Treat Fever in Children in Western Javanese Culture.

Fever regularly affects toddlers and may make their parents uneasy. This study aimed to identify common traditional medicines used by parents to treat their children's fever at home. The study was conducted in Karyasari, Leuwiliang, Bogor District. It was descriptive in design, and the instrument used was a questionnaire developed by the authors. A group of 106 respondents was selected through the cluster sampling method. All respondents were female; the youngest was 20 years old, and the oldest was 53 years old. The majority of respondents had graduated from elementary and junior high school (93%), were currently unemployed (95%), and had a household income of less than Bogor's regional minimum wage (RMW) (91%). The majority of mothers (90.6%) identified fever through tactile perception. The most common traditional medicines used by respondents were onion (86.8%) mixed with oil (64.2%) and applied to the body (86.8%). The results of this study suggested the need for health education concerning the use of traditional medicine to treat fever.

Traditional Method of Initial Diarrhea Treatment in Children.

Diarrhea is the most common cause of death in children. For diarrhea, home treatment should be administered by parents to prevent diarrheal complications. The purpose of this research was to investigate the traditional method of diarrhea treatment in Tegal regency, Central Java, Indonesia. A descriptive study was conducted with the aim of describing the traditional method of home treatment for diarrhea in children. The study sample included families with children who were experiencing or had experienced diarrhea and had received traditional medicine. The participants were randomly selected based on cluster random sampling, and the results showed that traditional diarrheal treatment involved the use of Psidium guajava leaves, curcumic (turmeric), and tea. P. guajava leaves and curcumic were processed by pounding or shredding and then squeezing to obtain the extracts. Some of the respondents also added salt to the mixture. Most traditional medicine could be found in the garden or by purchase, and friends and family were the most common information resources. Most respondents assumed that traditional medicine was effective to treat diarrhea. It is expected that this research can provide information about diarrheal management by traditional method in the community.

The Effects of Music Therapy on the Physiological Response of Asthmatic Children Receiving Inhalation Therapy.

The clinical manifestation of asthma in children can interfere with their daily activities. Music therapy may become one of the alternative approaches to making children feel comfortable during inhalation therapy. The aim of the study was to identify the effects of music therapy on the physiological response of asthmatic preschool and school-age children receiving inhalation therapy. This study used a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group with a pre-test-post-test design. The 44 respondents consisted of preschool and school-age children assigned to intervention and control groups. The results showed a significant difference in average oxygen saturation, heart rate, and respiratory rate between the control and intervention groups before and after intervention (p < α; α = .05). Music therapy can be used as a nursing intervention to improve the physiological response of children with breathing problems.

Combining Natural Ingredients and Beliefs: The Dayak Tribe's Experience Caring for Sick Children with Traditional Medicine.

Instead of seeking conventional health care, the Dayak tribe in Borneo, Indonesia, treats sick children at home with traditional medicine. The objective of this descriptive, qualitative study was to explore the Dayak tribe's use of traditional medicine to care for sick children. Comprehensive interviews were conducted with 10 caregivers, with collected data analyzed using content analysis. Key recurring themes identified were: 1) traditional medicine as first aid; 2) ease of access and cost-effectiveness; 3) traditional medicine was not always effective; 4) a combination of natural ingredients and beliefs; 5) the importance of "communicating" with plants; and 6) engagement with metaphysical forces. Health professionals should respect familial cultures' beliefs regarding the provision of health care at home. Furthermore, they need to develop competency in performing cultural assessments and providing information to these parents on the risks of not seeking professional emergency care for children with conditions that can't be handled at home with traditional medicine.

Warm Water Compress as an Alternative for Decreasing the Degree of Phlebitis.

Intravenous fluid therapy is an invasive procedure which may increase the risk of patient complications. One of the most common of these is phlebitis, which may cause discomfort and tissue damage. Therefore, a nursing intervention is needed to effectively treat phlebitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of applying a warm compression intervention to reduce the degree of phlebitis. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was used, with a non-equivalent control group. The total sample size was 32 patients with degrees of phlebitis ranging from 1 to 4. The total sample was divided into 2 interventional groups: those patients that were given 0.9% NaCl compresses and those given warm water compresses. The results showed that both compresses were effective in reducing the degree of phlebitis, with similar p values (p = .000). However, there was no difference in the average reduction score between the two groups (p = .18). Therefore, a warm water compress is valuable in the treatment of phlebitis, and could decrease the degree of phlebitis both effectively and inexpensively.

The Effectiveness of Distraction (Cartoon-Patterned Clothes and Bubble-Blowing) on Pain and Anxiety in Preschool Children during Venipuncture in the Emergency Department.

In preschool children, venipuncture is considered a bodily threat that can cause pain and anxiety, as well as being a traumatic experience. If the pain and anxiety felt by a child during a venipuncture is not addressed properly, it can result in a traumatic experience, and traumatic events in childhood can have long-term consequences. Atraumatic treatment in the emergency department has been little explored in previous research; therefore, the present study assessed the effectiveness of using the distractions of cartoon-patterned clothes and bubble-blowing on the pain and anxiety of preschool children during venipuncture in the emergency department. This was a quasi-experiment that used a post-test only, control group design approach. The sample consisted of 57 preschool children who were due to undergo venipuncture and who were divided into 3 intervention groups. The results showed that distraction using bubble-blowing is effective in reducing pain and anxiety during venipuncture, while cartoon-patterned clothing is only effective in reducing anxiety. Distractions can refocus the attention of a child away from pain and anxiety during venipuncture. It can inhibit the transmission of pain impulses, such that these impulses are not transmitted to the brain. As a result, the sensation of pain is not experienced.