Timing umbilical therapy in treatment of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury based on midnight-noon and ebb-flow doctrine: a randomized controlled trial. / åŸºäºŽå­åˆæµæ³¨ç†è®ºæ‹©æ—¶è„ç–—æ²»ç–—è„Šé«“æŸä¼¤åŽç¥žç»æºæ€§è†€èƒ±ï¼šéšæœºå¯¹ç §è¯•éªŒ.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the clinical efficacy of timing umbilical therapy for neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury based on the midnight-noon and ebb-flow doctrine. METHODS: Sixty patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury were randomly divided into a trial group and a control group, with 30 patients in each group. In the trial group, based on the midnight-noon and ebb-flow doctrine, umbilical therapy was given at the time zone, 15:00 to 17:00. In the control group, umbilical therapy was delivered at any time zones except the period 15:00 to 17:00. The herbal plaster was remained on the umbilicus for 4 h each time, once daily. One course of treatment was composed of 2 weeks and the treatment lasted 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the urodynamic indexes (maximum urinary flow rate [Qmax], maximum detrusor pressure [Pdet-max], residual urine volume [RUV]), voiding diary (average daily number of voiding, average daily number of leakage, average daily voided volume), neurogenic bladder symptom score (NBSS), the score of urinary symptom distress scale (USDS) and the score of World Health Organization quality of life assessment-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) were compared between the two groups; and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was assessed. RESULTS: After treatment, Qmax, Pdet-max, the average daily voided volume and the scores of WHOQOL-BREF were increased (P<0.05); and RUV, the average daily number of voiding, the average daily number of leakage, NBSS and the scores of USDS were all reduced (P<0.05) in comparison with those before treatment in the two groups. When compared with those in the control group, Qmax, Pdet-max, the average daily voided volume and the score of WHOQOL-BREF were all higher (P<0.05); and RUV, the average daily number of voiding, the average daily number of leakage, NBSS and the score of USDS were lower (P<0.05) in the trial group. The total effective rate was 96.7% (29/30) in the trial group, higher than that (76.7%, 23/30) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Timing umbilical therapy, based on the midnight-noon and ebb-flow doctrine, effectively relieves the symptoms of dysuria and improves the quality of life in patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury.

[Characteristics of seed rain on abandoned slopes in the hilly-gullied Loess Plateau, Northwest China].

The objective of this study was to analyze the dynamic characteristics of seed rain on abandoned slopes in the hilly-gullied Loess Plateau region and identify the relationship between seed rain and standing vegetation. Three abandoned slopes were chosen as sampling sites in Zhifanggou watershed. Thirty traps were installed at each site to collect seed rain from October 2010 to April 2013. Standing vegetation was surveyed to identify dominant species in August 2011 and 2012, respectively. Thirty-seven species belonging to seventeen families were identified in the seed rain, and the dominant species, i.e., Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus scaberrimus, Setaria viridis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Stipa bungeana, Bothriochloa ischcemum, Artemisia scoparia, A. gmelinii, and Heteropappus altaicus, took up to 95.8% of the total seed rain. Three species in seed rain were not found in the standing vegetation. The Sorensen similarity index between seed rain and standing vegetation was 0.77. Seed rain densities were 3737 and 6449 seeds · m(-2) in May 2011-April 2012 and May 2012-April 2013, respectively, and alternate bearing existed. During the study period, seed rain from different positions varied from 3853 to 37923 seeds · m(-2) and belonged to 7-15 species. The results indicated the space limitation of seed dispersal. Seed rain densities were in the middle of the pack compared with similar ecosystems in other studies. High temporal and spatial heterogeneity of seed rain was observed because of rainfall, microtopography and so on.

[Relationship between female ages and the theory of five tones correlated with five zang viscera in Huangdi Neijing].

OBJECTIVE: To find out some evidence that may indicate the theory of voice pitch of the five tones being correlated with the five zang viscera in Huangdi Neijing, which was lost 2 000 years. METHODS: Eight-four healthy females were divided into younger group (<34 years old) and older group (> or =34 years old) according to their ages. The pronunciations of these females were examined by sono-frequency analysis facility. RESULTS: The frequency of Jiao tone was much higher than those of the other tones in both groups (P<0.01) and the frequency of Jiao tone increased as aging. The frequency of Zhi tone in the younger group was higher than that in the older group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of higher frequency of Jiao tone in females is in accordance with the theory put forward by Ye Gui (a famous doctor in Qing Dynasty of China) that the liver is the congenital base of female life. In traditional Chinese medicine, Jiao tone is correlated with the liver, and Zhi tone is correlated with the heart. The high frequency of Zhi tone in younger females implies that regulating the Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang and Heart Meridian of Hand-Shaoyin may be beneficial to the health maintenance of younger female.