RESUMEN
Drug-induced nephrolithiasis can arise from insoluble components within medications or crystallization of metabolites due to changes in metabolism and urinary pH. The connection between drugs utilized for iron chelation therapy (ICT) and nephrolithiasis is not well understood. In this report, we describe two pediatric patients diagnosed with nephrolithiasis while undergoing treatment with the chelating agents deferasirox, deferiprone, and deferoxamine for iron overload secondary to repeat blood transfusion.
Asunto(s)
Sobrecarga de Hierro , Nefrolitiasis , Talasemia beta , Humanos , Niño , Terapia por Quelación/efectos adversos , Quelantes del Hierro/efectos adversos , Deferasirox/efectos adversos , Deferiprona/uso terapéutico , Deferoxamina/efectos adversos , Benzoatos/efectos adversos , Triazoles , Sobrecarga de Hierro/tratamiento farmacológico , Sobrecarga de Hierro/etiología , Nefrolitiasis/inducido químicamente , Nefrolitiasis/complicaciones , Nefrolitiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Hierro/uso terapéutico , Talasemia beta/terapiaRESUMEN
Folic acid supplements taken during pregnancy can prevent neural tube defects and other developmental abnormalities. Here, we explored the effects of folate supplementation on gene expression and DNA methylation during C2C12 differentiation. Based on the folic acid concentration, this study comprised three groups: low folate (L), normal folate (N), and high-folate supplement (H). Our analyses revealed that differentiation and the mRNA expression of the gene myogenin in C2C12 cell were enhanced by folic acid; however, the overall methylation percentage in myogenin promoter between different treatment groups was not significantly different ( P > 0.05). The results of MeDIP-chip showed that hundreds of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified between every two groups in both promoter and CpG islands, respectively. Genes with DMRs between N and L groups were mainly enriched in the processes of cell differentiation and cell development, whereas those with DMRs between H and N groups were frequently enriched in cellular process/cycle and cell metabolic processes. In addition, correlation analysis between methylation profile and expression profile revealed that some genes were regulated by methylation status directly. Together, these analyses suggest that folate deficiency and supplementation can influence the differentiation, genome-wide DNA methylation level and the expression of myogenesis-related genes including myogenin in the C2C12 cell line.