The composition characteristics of endophytic communities and their relationship with metabolites profile in Ephedra sinica under wild and cultivated conditions.

Ephedra sinica is one of the most famous Chinese medicinal plants. The insufficient supply of wild resources has led to the increased use of cultivated products. However, the related medicinal quality differs significantly. Although the influence of external environment on the quality of E. sinica has been studied, the impact of endophytic microbes on it remains vague. This study characterized differential metabolites and microbial community compositions in wild and cultivated E. sinica by combining metabolomics with microbiomics, and explored the effect of endophytes on the formation of differential metabolites further. The results showed that the difference in quality between wild and cultivated E. sinica was mainly in the productions of alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. The associated endophytes had special compositional characteristics. For instance, the distribution and abundance of dominant endophytes varied between wild and cultivated E. sinica. Several endophytes had significant or highly significant correlations with the formations of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, D-cathinone, methcathinone, coumarin, kaempferol, rhamnetin, or phenylacetic acid. This study will deepen our understanding of the plant-endophyte interactions and provide a strategy for the quality control of E. sinica products.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on gastrointestinal motility in rats with slow transit constipation based on GDNF methylation modification].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Tianshu"(ST25) and "Dachangshu"(BL25) on the intestinal transit function， expression level of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and methylation level of GDNF gene promoter region in colon tissue of rats with slow transit constipation (STC)， so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of STC. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into control， saline， model and EA groups (n=16 in each group). The STC model was replicated by gavage of compound diphenoxylate suspension (10 mL· kg-1· d-1) for 28 days. Rats of the saline group received the same dose of normal saline via gavage. EA (2 Hz/15 Hz， 0.1-1 mA) was applied to bila-teral ST25 and BL25 for 15 min， once daily for 14 days. The intestinal transmission function (the intestinal propulsion rate) was assessed by recording the first black grain stool discharge time and the number and weight of the discharged stool grains in 30 min after gavage of the activated carbon suspension (1 mL/100 g， 150 g/L). The score of fecal trait and the weight of stool within 24 h were recorded. The ultrastructural changes of Cajal interstitial cells in the colon tissue were observed by transmission electron microscope. The expression levels of GDNF protein and mRNA in the colon tissue were detected by using Western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR， separately， and changes of methylation level in the promoter region of GDNF gene detected by using Bisulfite sequencing method. RESULTS: Compared with the control group， the time of the 1st black stool grain discharging was obviously prolonged， and the number and weight of the discharged black stool grains were significantly decreased in the mo-del group (P<0.05)， suggesting a success of STC. The weight and trait score of stool in 24 h， intestinal propulsive rate， and the expression levels of GDNF protein and mRNA were significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P<0.01， P<0.05). After EA， the weight and trait score of stool within 24 h， intestinal propulsive rate，and the expression levels of GDNF protein and mRNA were significantly increased in the EA group in contrast to the model group (P<0.01，P<0.05). The total CpGs methylation level of GDNF gene in colon tissue was considerably higher in the model group than in the control group (P<0.05)， and markedly lower in the EA group than in the model group (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between the control and saline groups in all the above-mentioned indexes (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: EA of back-shu and front-mu acupoints can effectively improve symptoms of constipation and intestinal transport function in STC rats， which may be related to its function in up-regulating the expression of GDNF and down-regulating the methylation level in the promoter region of GDNF gene in colon tissue.

Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment Regularity in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes: A Text Mining Analysis.

Objective: The goal of this study was to systematically summarize and categorize the syndrome differentiation, medication rules, and acupoint therapy in the domestic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) literature on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), such that guidelines and new insights can be provided for future practitioners and researchers. Methods: Taking randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of T2DM in TCM as the research theme, we searched for full-text literature in three major clinical databases, including CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP, published between 1990 and 2020. We then conducted frequency statistics, cluster analysis, association rules extraction, and topic modeling based on a corpus of medical academic words extracted from 3,654 research articles. Results: The TCM syndrome types, subjective symptoms, objective indicators, Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture points, and TCM prescriptions for T2DM were compiled based on invigorating the kidney and Qi, nourishing Yin, and strengthening the spleen. Most TCM syndrome differentiation for T2DM was identified as "Zhongxiao" (the lesion in the spleen and stomach) and "Xiaxiao" (the lesion in the kidney) deficiency syndromes, and most medications and acupoint therapies were focused on the "Spleen Channel" and "Kidney Channel." However, stagnation of liver Qi was mentioned less when compared with other syndromes, which did not have symptomatic medicines. Conclusion: This study provides an in-depth perspective for the TCM syndrome differentiation, medication rules, and acupoint therapy for T2DM and provides practitioners and researchers with valuable information about the current status and frontier trends of TCM research on T2DM in terms of both diagnosis and treatment.

Efficacy of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix Against Cartilage Degeneration in Osteoarthritis： An Exploration Based on Computer Simulation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To screen the active components of sovereign medicinal Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix in Rongjin Niantong formula based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology and observe their effects on therapeutic targets of osteoarthritis （OA） in <italic>in vivo</italic> and <italic>in vitro</italic> animal experiments. Method:The main active components and therapeutic targets of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， and the differentially expressed genes relevant to OA from the Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） database for cross analysis. The effects of main active components in Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix on enriched therapeutic targets of rats with OA <italic>in vivo </italic>and <italic>in vitro</italic> were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot. Result:There were 20 active components for Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix against OA， with quercetin being an important one. Among the three target genes， osteopontin （OPN） and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1（PAI-1） were the key ones in the network. Gene Ontology （GO） analysis yielded 227 related terms， involving the regulation of physiological response to trauma （GO： 1903034）， negative regulation of trauma response （GO： 1903035）， etc. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway analysis revealed 12 related pathways， involving extracellular matrix receptor interaction （hsa04512） and so on. In animal experiments， compared with the normal group， the model group exhibited increased gene and protein expression of OPN and PAI-1. Compared with the model group， the quercetin group displayed decreased gene and protein expression of OPN and PAI-1 （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. In cell experiments， the OPN and PAI-1 protein expression levels in the model group were increased as compared with those in the normal group， while the Collagen Ⅱ protein expression was decreased. The OPN and PAI-1 protein expression levels in the quercetin group and the inhibitor group were down-regulated in contrast to those in the model group， whereas the Collagen Ⅱ protein expression levels were up-regulated significantly （<italic>P<</italic>0.05）. Conclusion:Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix<italic> </italic>inhibits cartilage degeneration and exerts the preventive and therapeutic effects against OA， which is possibly due to the efficacy of its active component quercetin in down-regulating the expression of OPN and PAI-1 in chondrocytes and up-regulating the Collagen Ⅱ protein expression.

Control of Fusarium wilt by wheat straw is associated with microbial network changes in watermelon rhizosphere.

Straw return is an effective strategy to alleviate soil-borne diseases. Though watermelon Fusarium wilt is a severe soil-borne disease, the effect of wheat straw on the disease remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the effects of wheat straw on soil bacterial and fungal communities by adding wheat straw to consecutive watermelon soil in the greenhouse condition. The microbiome changes were further investigated using network analysis based on 16S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer deep sequencing. Wheat straw addition increased the fungal community diversity, whereas the bacterial diversity was not affected. Compared to the control group, the relative abundance of some bacteria, including Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Saccharibacteria, was increased with wheat straw addition. For fungi, the relative abundance of Fusarium was decreased with wheat straw addition. Microbial network analysis demonstrated that the fungal community has a more complex connection than the bacterial community. In addition, redundancy analysis indicated that the Fusarium genera were significantly related to the disease index. Taken together, the addition of wheat straw might affect the microbial community through increasing the relative abundance of phylum Actinobacteria, decreasing the relative abundance of Fusarium, and increasing the fungal network complexity to enhance the defense of watermelon against Fusarium wilt disease.

Treatment With Wheat Root Exudates and Soil Microorganisms From Wheat/Watermelon Companion Cropping Can Induce Watermelon Disease Resistance Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum.

Companion cropping with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can enhance watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] wilt disease resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. However, the mechanism of resistance induction remains unknown. In this study, the effects of microbial community dynamics and the interactions between wheat and watermelon plants, particularly the effect of wheat root exudates on watermelon resistance against F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, were examined using a plant-soil feedback trial and plant tissue culture approach. The plant-soil feedback trial showed that treating watermelon with soil from wheat/watermelon companion cropping decreased watermelon wilt disease incidence and severity, increased lignin biosynthesis- and defense-related gene expression, and increased ß-1,3-glucanase activity in watermelon roots. Furthermore, soil microbes can contribute to increasing disease resistance in watermelon plants. Tissue culture experiments showed that both exogenous addition of wheat root exudates and companion cropping with wheat increased host defense gene expression, lignin and total phenols, and increased ß-1,3-glucanase activity in watermelon roots. In conclusion, both root exudates from wheat and the related soil microorganisms in a wheat/watermelon companion cropping system played critical roles in enhancing resistance to watermelon wilt disease induced by F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum.

The Chrysanthemum nankingense Genome Provides Insights into the Evolution and Diversification of Chrysanthemum Flowers and Medicinal Traits.

The Asteraceae (Compositae), a large plant family of approximately 24 000-35 000 species, accounts for ∼10% of all angiosperm species and contributes a lot to plant diversity. The most representative members of the Asteraceae are the economically important chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum L.) that diversified through reticulate evolution. Biodiversity is typically created by multiple evolutionary mechanisms such as whole-genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization and locally repetitive genome expansion. However, the lack of genomic data from chrysanthemum species has prevented an in-depth analysis of the evolutionary mechanisms involved in their diversification. Here, we used Oxford Nanopore long-read technology to sequence the diploid Chrysanthemum nankingense genome, which represents one of the progenitor genomes of domesticated chrysanthemums. Our analysis revealed that the evolution of the C. nankingense genome was driven by bursts of repetitive element expansion and WGD events including a recent WGD that distinguishes chrysanthemum from sunflower, which diverged from chrysanthemum approximately 38.8 million years ago. Variations of ornamental and medicinal traits in chrysanthemums are linked to the expansion of candidate gene families by duplication events including paralogous gene duplication. Collectively, our study of the assembled reference genome offers new knowledge and resources to dissect the history and pattern of evolution and diversification of chrysanthemum plants, and also to accelerate their breeding and improvement.

Immunization with a 22-kDa outer membrane protein elicits protective immunity to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

A. baumannii infections are becoming more and more serious health issues with rapid emerging of multidrug and extremely drug resistant strains, and therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of nonantibiotic-based intervention strategies. This study aimed at identifying whether an outer membrane protein with molecular weight of about 22 kDa (Omp22) holds the potentials to be an efficient vaccine candidate and combat A. baumannii infection. Omp22 which has a molecule length of 217 amino acids kept more than 95% conservation in totally 851 reported A. baumannii strains. Recombinant Omp22 efficiently elicited high titers of specific IgG in mice. Both active and passive immunizations of Omp22 increased the survival rates of mice, suppressed the bacterial burdens in the organs and peripheral blood, and reduced the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Opsonophagocytosis assays showed in vitro that Omp22 antiserum had highly efficient bactericidal activities on clonally distinct clinical A. baumannii isolates, which were partly complements-dependent and opsonophagocytic killing effects. Additionally, administration with as high as 500 µg of Omp22 didn't cause obvious pathological changes in mice. In conclusion, Omp22 is a novel conserved and probably safe antigen for developing effective vaccines or antisera to control A. baumannii infections.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Chrysanthemum indicum.

Chrysanthemum indicum, an important medicinal plant of Asteraceae, had a long history in use for medicine in China. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of C. indicum was sequenced by a 454 sequencing platform, and the structure of the obtained chloroplast genome was also analyzed. The complete chloroplast genome of C. indicum was 150 972 bp in length and had a pair of inverted repeats (IR, 24 956 bp) separated by a large (LSC, 82 741 bp) and small single copy (SSC, 18 319 bp) regions. Its total GC content was 37.48%. There were 126 chloroplast genes including 83 protein-coding genes, 35 tRNAs and eight rRNAs were successfully annotated. Sixteen genes contained one or two introns. Phylogenetic analyses declared that the chloroplast genome could distinguish C. indicum from its closely related species and might become a potential super barcode for the identification of these species.

Rapid Identification and Verification of Indirubin-Containing Medicinal Plants.

Indirubin, one of the key components of medicinal plants including Isatis tinctoria, Polygonum tinctorium, and Strobilanthes cusia, possesses great medicinal efficacy in the treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Due to misidentification and similar name, materials containing indirubin and their close relatives frequently fall prey to adulteration. In this study, we selected an internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) for distinguishing these indirubin-containing species from five of their usual adulterants, after assessing identification efficiency of matK, rbcL, psbA-trnH, and ITS2 among these species. The results of genetic distances and neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree indicated that ITS2 region is a powerful DNA barcode to accurately identify these indirubin-containing species and discriminate them from their adulterants. Additionally, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to verify indirubin in different organs of the above species. The results showed that indirubin had been detected in the leaves of Is. tinctoria, P. tinctorium, S. cusia, and Indigo Naturalis (made from their mixture), but not in their roots, or in the leaves of their adulterants. Therefore, this study provides a novel and rapid method to identify and verify indirubin-containing medicinal plants for effective natural treatment of CML.

A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of a Chinese herbal medicine preparation (Jiawei Qing'e Fang) for hot flashes and quality of life in perimenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a Chinese herbal medicine preparation, Jiawei Qing'e Fang (JQF), on menopausal symptoms in perimenopausal women. METHODS: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed over 12 weeks in 72 perimenopausal women who reported 14 or more hot flashes per week. The participants were randomly allocated to receive JQF or placebo for 8 weeks. Posttreatment follow-up was performed 4 weeks after intervention. The primary outcome was the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life. Secondary outcomes included hot flash and plasma lipids. RESULTS: There was greater improvement in hot flash score in the JQF group compared with the placebo group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.048). There were between-group differences in vasomotor (P = 0.011) and physical (P = 0.034) domains. The triglyceride (TG) level in the JQF group showed a significant reduction (P = 0.036) in women with a baseline TG greater than 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L). CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese herbal medicine preparation JQF was found to be superior to placebo in reducing hot flashes and improving menopausal symptoms in the vasomotor and physical aspects and might have a potential benefit in reducing TG levels. The herbal medicine preparation was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events noted during the study period.

[Isolation and structure identification of C19 diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum carmichaeli by high-speed counter-current chromatography].

Three C19 diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated and purified from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. (Fuzi in Chinese) by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). A mixture of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (3:5:4:5, v/v/v/v) was used as the two phase solvent system. The lower phase was used as the mobile phase and was operated at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min, while the apparatus was rotated at 850 r/min, and the detection wavelength was at 235 nm. Under these conditions, 15.3 mg of beiwutine, 35.1 mg of mesaconitine and 22.7 mg of hypaconitine were obtained from 90 mg of crude extract in one-step separation with the purities of 97.9%, 96.2% and 99.2%, respectively, determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of these three compounds were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and 13C-NMR. The results indicate that HSCCC is a powerful technique for the purification of diterpenoid alkaloids from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.

Clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicines for chronic heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Chinese medicines have been used for chronic heart failure (CHF) for thousands of years; however, the status of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) used for CHF has not been reported. This review was carried out in the framework of a joint Sino-Italian Laboratory. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the baseline of clinical practice of TCMs for CHF, and to provide valuable information for research and clinical practice. METHODS: The authors included articles about the use of TCMs for the treatment of CHF by searching the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (1994 to November 2007). RESULTS: In all, 1029 papers were included, with 239 herbs retrieved from these. The most commonly used herbs included Huangqi (Radix Astragali), Fuling (Poria), Danshen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiae), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Tinglizi (Semen Lepidii). Modern Chinese patent medicines (produced by pharmaceutical companies) and traditional prescriptions (comprising several herbs) are the application forms of these drugs. Shenmai, Shengmai and Astragalus injections were the most commonly used Chinese patent medicines. Some classic prescriptions (including Zhenwu decoction, Shengmai powder and Lingguizhugan decoction) were also frequently used. The effectiveness and safety of the TCMs were both satisfactory, and the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine therapy could significantly improve the clinical effectiveness and reduce some of the adverse reactions from western medicines used alone. CONCLUSION: The authors have acquired overall information about the clinical application of TCMs for CHF. Modern pharmacology has provided limited evidence for the rationality of this clinical use. Further research is needed to provide more evidence.

Effect of prim-o-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol con on proliferation of smooth muscle cell stimulated by TNF-alpha / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-p-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisa-mminol con on the proliferation of smooth muscle cell stimulated by TNF-alpha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The primary cell culture method of smooth muscle cell (SMC) was established by attachment-block. The SMC was identificated by immunochemistry method, and the growth curve was drawn by cytometry. The third generation of SMC was adopted in the experiment. The effect of prim-O-glucosylcimif-ugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol con on the proliferation and cell cycle of SMC was investigated by MTT and flow cytometry respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>TNF-alpha of 5 micro g x L(-1) can stimulate the proliferation of SMC and increase the proportion of G2 phase and S phase in cell cycle which has great significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with control. The three dose groups of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisammin-ol con can inhibit the proliferation of SMC and increase the proportion of G0/G1 phase, which has great significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with model group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol con can inhibit the proliferation of SMC stimulated by TNF-alpha.</p>

ESR study and protection of water extract of Carthamus tinctorius on ox-LDL induced injury in rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cell / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the antioxidant effects of water extract of Carthamus tinctorius on ox-LDL induced injury in rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cell and detecting oxygen derived free radicals (OFR) to explore the antioxidant mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>By using the third generation of rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (rCMEC), the protection of water extract of C. tinctorius was investigated after ox-LDL (100 mg x L(-1) induced damage. The supernatant was collected for detecting lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and cell suspension was collected for detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) by electron spin resonance (ESR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Water extract of C. tinctorius increased the rCMEC survival rate, reduced LDH, MDA and XOD levels, and improved SOD, GSH-Px and NOS activity, while in the cell suspension ROS signal decreased significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Water extract of C. tinctorius has antioxidation. The mechanisms are likely related with scavenging of free radicals, enhancing its clearance, enhancing endogenous antioxidant activity.</p>

Experimental study on ultrasound heating affecting the sensitivity of oral carcinoma to chemotherapy drugs / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the influence of chemosensitivity of Tca8113 cells by modified MTT assay after the animal model of Tca8113 were treated by the ultrasound hyperthermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The MTT assay of the BALB/C nu/nu mice model of Tca8113 cells treated by the ultrasound hyperthermia in vivo was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The chemosensitivity to the 9 kinds of drugs demonstrated no significant differences between the Tca8113 cells in the control group, the 39 degrees C-treated group and the groups treated from 41 degrees C to 44 degrees C. But significant differences between the 40 degrees C-treated group and the 41 degrees C or 42 degrees C-treated group existed. In the heating-time grades test, there were no significant differences in the chemosensitivity to the 9 kinds of drugs between these three pairs of group (the control group and the 15 min-treated group, the 30 min-treated and the 45 min-treated group, the 60 min-treated and the 75 min-treated group). But there were significant differences between the 30 min-treated or the 45 min-treated group and the 60 min-treated or the 75 min-treated group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ultrasound hyperthermia performed in 42 degrees C for 30-45 min can improve the chemosensitivity of Tca8113 cells to some drugs significantly, which confirms the rationality of synchronous combination of hyperthermia and chemotherapy in the chemosensitivity point of view for the first time.</p>

Modulation of Chinese regimen granules of Shenyang on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of SD rats with SCC of tongue / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Prospective research demonstrated that Chinese regimen granules of Shenyang could prolong survival time and improve survival rate of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). But the mechanism was not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate Shenyang's effect on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of SD rats with SCC of tongue and explore immunological mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Among 80 SD rats fed by 0.002% 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) drinking water for 36 weeks, 61 rats with SCC of tongue had been found and were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely Shenyang A, Shenyang B, positive and blank control groups. Before and after high and normal dosage of Shenyang, acanthopanax senticoside and water had been given for 15 days respectively, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were detected with flow cytometry. The data were statistically analyzed with paired t Test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Percentage of CD3+ CD4+ T cell and CD3-CD161a+ NK cell, ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were increased. Percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cell was decreased, and the effect was better than that of acanthopanax senticoside in improving the percentage of CD3-CD161a+ NK cell.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Among anti-tumor mechanisms of Shenyang it is that corrects disorder of lymphocyte subsets and increases percentage of CD3-CD161a+ NK cell.</p>