Development of a tetra-primer ARMS-PCR for identification of sika and red deer and their hybrids.

Accurate identification of deer-derived components is significant in food and drug authenticity. Over the years, several methods have been developed to authenticate these products; however, identifying whether female deer products are hybrids is challenging. In this study, the zinc finger protein X-linked (ZFX) gene sequences of sika deer (Cervus nippon), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and their hybrid offspring were amplified and sequenced, the X221 and X428 species-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) loci were verified, and a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system (T-ARMS-PCR) assay was developed to identify the parent-of-origin of female sika deer, red deer, and their hybrid deer. The T-ARMS-PCR developed based on the X221 locus could identify sika deer, red deer, and their hybrid offspring according to the presence or absence of PCR product sizes of 486 bp, 352 bp, and 179 bp, respectively, just as X428 locus could identify sika deer, red deer, and their hybrid offspring according to the presence or absence of PCR product sizes of 549 bp, 213 bp, and 383 bp, respectively. Forty products labeled deer-derived ingredients randomly purchased were tested using this assay, and the results showed that the identification results based on the two SNP loci were utterly consistent with the actual sources. In addition, this method was found to be accurate, simple, convenient, and with high specificity, thus providing an essential technical reference for deer product species identification. It is also an important supplement to the identification methods of the original ingredients of existing deer products.

The molecular mechanism by which the circadian rhythm regulates body metabolism and research progress on intervention in the circadian rhythm by traditional Chinese medicine / 药学学报

Circadian rhythm is an internal regulatory mechanism that allows organisms to adapt to circadian changes in the external environment, and can regulate the body's steady state by affecting the metabolic pathways of multiple organs. When exogenous factors such as eating time, worktime changes, and sleep disturbances cause the body's circadian rhythm to be disrupted, the risk of developing metabolic syndrome is significantly increased. This article explores the relationship between circadian rhythm and body metabolism and summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which circadian rhythm regulates the digestive system, liver and bile acid production, and kidney function. We review research progress on intervention in the circadian rhythm by traditional Chinese medicine and provide a reasonable and valuable basis for follow-up studies on the role of traditional Chinese medicine in research on the molecular mechanisms of regulation of circadian rhythm.

Determination of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Yinhuang film-coated tablets by HPLC isocratic elution / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an HPLC method for determination of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Yinhuang film-coated tablets.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC isocratic elution was adopted, with the C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) as the chromatographic column, methanol-water-phosphoric acid (45: 55: 0.2) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL x min(-1), and column temperature was set at 30 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 328 nm, and the sample size was 20 microL.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>At concentrations ranging between 2.200-44.00, 24.20-242.0 mg x L(-1), peak area of chlorogenic acid and baicalin showed good linear relationship, the average recoveries were 99.63% (RSD 1.8%, n = 9) and 99.72% (RSD 1.9%, n = 9), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is simple that it can accurately measure the content of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Yinhuang film-coated tablets.</p>

Survey of “iodine suitable” region in iodine-deficient areas in Shandong province / 中国地方病学杂志

ObjectiveTo look into the distribution of “iodine suitable” region in iodine-deficient areas in Shandong province and to provide a scientific basis for guiding the redesignate of iodine-deficient areas and launch scientific supply of iodine.Methods One to 3 copies of water source samples were collected in 105 existing iodine-deficient counties by village.Water iodine content was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.The areas with water iodine content below 10 μg/L was defined as iodine-deficient areas and among 10 - 150 μg/L were “iodine suitable areas” and greater than 150 μg/L were high iodine areas.Results The research was carried out in 14 cities,105 counties,and 1337 towns.We collected 65 716 water samples.Sample recovery efficiency reached 99.8％.The median of water iodine was 5.57 μg/L.In the 1337 towns surveyed,there were 82.05％(1097/1337) of the township with water iodine median ＜ 10 μg/L,17.43％(233/1337) between 10 - 150 μg/L,and 0.52％(7/1337) ＞ 150 μg/L.Conclusions In Shandong province,the water “iodine suitable” regions are distributed scattered with considerable proportion.In iodine-deficient areas,there are areas with high water iodine,and iodine-deficient regions should be redrawn.Emphasis should be put on iodine nutritional status of residents in “high iodine and iodine suitable” regions,and iodine supplementation should be carries out scientifically.

Investigation of iodine level in drinking water in iodine deficiency areas in Shandong province / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To look into the current distribution of iodine deficiency area in Shandong province and to guide the re-defined iodine deficiency area and to supplement iodine scientifically. Methods In 2008, 100 iodine deficiency counties(cities, districts), designated in Shandong province's "to supplement iodized salt to eliminate the hazard of iodine deficiency management regulations", were selected in the study. One to three samples were collected from water source which was used by the majority of local residents in the 100 iodine deficiency places and iodine concentration was tested by As3+-Ce4+ catalyzing spectrophotometry. Results A total of 65 716 water samples were collected. Sample recovery efficiency reached 99.8%(65 572/65 716). The median water iodine was 5.57 μg/L, with 82.05%( 1097/1337 ) of the township(town) met criteria for the classification of iodine deficiency areas(water iodine ＜ 10 μg/L), 17.43%(233/1337) of the township (town) water iodine moderate(water iodine 10 - 150 μg/L), and 0.52%(7/1337)of the township(town) should be defined high iodine areas(water iodine ＞ 150 - 300 μg/L). Conclusions The iodine deficiency areas should be redefined because water iodine concentrations of iodine deficiency areas have changed. We suggest that the smallest place to supply salt with different range of iodine content is set to the township(town).

HPLC determination of four active components in dengzhanxixin injection / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method for determination of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, caffeoylquinic acid and ScuteIlarin in Dengzhan Xixin injection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The HPLC method was carried out on Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm x 4. 6 mm, 5 pim) evaluated with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as mobile phase, gradient elution; the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1); the temperatue of column was at 35 degrees C; the detection wavelength was at 335 nm for UV detection.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.025 to 0.800 microg (r = 0.9990) for chlorogenic acid, 0.027 to 0.850 microg (r = 0.9999) for caffeic acid, 0.062 to 1.978 microg (r = 0.9997) for caffeoylquinic acid and 0.118 to 3.770 microg (r = 0.9999) for scutellarin,respectilely. The average recoveries were 97.19% with RSD 1.16%; 100.45% with RSD 1.16%; 97.32% with RSD 1.43% and 103.81% with RSD 0.70%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The assay demonstrated that the method was simple, it had adequate accuracy and selectivity to quantify the four active components in Dengzhan Xixin injection.</p>

Inhibitory effects of alpha-zearalenol on angiotensin II-induced integrin beta3 mRNA via suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of alpha-zearalenol on angiotensin II-induced beta3 integrin mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mRNA level in integrin beta3 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Endothelial NF-kappaB activity was determined by the luciferase activity assay of plasmid NF-kappaB-LUC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The angiotensin II-induced beta3 integrin mRNA expression was inhibited by alpha-zearalenol and 17beta-estradiol (10 nmol/L -1 micromol/L), but not influenced by ICI 182, 780, a pure competitive antagonist for estrogen receptor or a nitric oxide inhibitor Nomega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride. Alpha-zearalenol and 17beta-estradiol suppressed the angiotensin II-induced activation of NF-kappaB in endothelial cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alpha-zearalenol inhibits angiotensin II-induced integrin beta3 mRNA expression by suppressing NF-kappaB activation in endothelial cells.</p>

Observation and preventative strategies of complications in transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate: report of 920 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the post-operative complications and preventative strategies of them in transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate(TVP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine hundred and twenty patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were treated by TVP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Post-operative complications included severe Hemorrhage in 30 cases (3.3%), transurethral resection syndrome (TURS) in 6 cases (0.7%), acute lower urinary tract infection in 16 cases (1.7), acute epididymitis in 11 cases (1.2%), acute urinary retention in 34 cases (3.7%), incontinence in 35 cases (3.8%), urethral stricture in 26 cases (2.8%), recurrence in 22 cases (2.4%). There were retrograde ejaculation in 54.5% (24/44) and impotence in 9.1% (4/44).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although TVP is more effective than standard TURP in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms caused by BPH, complications during TVP procedures require special consideration.</p>

Clinical study on treatment of children attention deficit hyperactivity disorder by jiangqian granule / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Jiangqian granule (JQG) in treating children attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty children with ADHD were randomly divided into two groups, the treated group treated with JQG and the control group treated with Ritalin. Blood lead concentration and Conners' scoring were measured before and after 3 months treatment and the therapeutic effects were assessed. Besides, blood lead concentration and Conners' scoring in 60 healthy children were also determined for control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate in the treated group and the control group was 92.5% and 72.5% respectively, significant difference existed between the two groups. Blood lead level and Conners' scores in ADHD patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy control (P < 0.01). The two parameters decreased after treatment in both groups, but the lowering was more significant in the treated group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Blood lead concentration raised in ADHD patients, JQG could enhance the clinical therapeutic effect by means of reducing the blood lead.</p>