Anshen-Buxin-Liuwei pill, a Mongolian medicinal formula could alleviate cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation injury via mitochondrion pathway.

BACKGROUND: Anshen Buxin Liuwei pill (ABLP) is a Mongolian medicinal formula that is composed of six medicinal materials: the Mongolian medicine Bos taurus domesticus Gmelin, Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burtt et Hill, Myristica fragrans Houtt., Eugenia caryophµllata Thunb., Aucklandia lappa Decne., and Liqui dambar formosana Hance. ABLP is considered to have a therapeutic effect on symptoms such as coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, arrhythmia, depression and irritability, palpitation, and shortness of breath. METHODS: H9c2 cardiomyocytes were used to construct a hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) injury model. CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC cell apoptosis assays were used for cell viability and cell apoptosis determination. The LDH, SOD, MDA, CAT, CK, GSH-Px, Na+-K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase activities in cells were determined to assess the protective effects of ABLP. The mRNA levels of Sirtuin3 (Sirt3) and Cytochrome C (Cytc) in H9c2 cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: The results indicate that HR-treated cells began to shrink from the spindle in an irregular shape with some floated in the medium. By increasing the therapeutic dose of ABLP (5, 25, and 50 µg/mL), the cells gradually reconverted in a concentration-dependent manner. The release of CK in HR-treated cells was significantly increased, indicating that ABLP exerts a protective effect in H9c2 cells against HR injury and can improve mitochondrial energy metabolism and mitochondrial function integrity. The present study scrutinized the cardioprotective effects of ABLP against HR-induced H9c2 cell injury through antioxidant and mitochondrial pathways. CONCLUSIONS: ABLP could be a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic cardiovascular disease. The results will provide reasonable information for the clinical use of ABLP.

Relationship between the expression of peripheral blood stimulating molecules CD80, CD86 and the therapeutic effects of children with severe hand, foot, and mouth dise / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To observe the expression of peripheral blood stimulating molecules CD80 and CD86 in children with severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and to analyze the relationship between them and the therapeutic effects of children. Methods　The clinical data of 252 children with severe HFMD treated in Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2017 to March 2021 were collected retrospectively. All children were treated with standardized treatment and the therapeutic effects was evaluated. The baseline data and laboratory test results of children were recorded, and the positive rates of CD80 and CD86 cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the above indexes and the therapeutic effects of children. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the value of the above indicators in predicting the therapeutic effects of children. Results　After standardized treatment, 48 children were ineffective, and 204 children were effective; the levels of serum CD80 [(2.28±0.84)% vs (2.12±0.33 )%] and CD86 [(3.35±0.96)% vs (2.23±0.41)%] in children were significantly lower than those at admission (t=2.851, 16.991; P<0.05). The levels of blood lactic acid, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), CD80 and CD86 at admission in the ineffective group were significantly higher than those of the effective group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the overexpression of serum CRP (OR=10.929), MMP-9 (OR=1.926), CD80 (OR=3.943) and CD86 (OR=1.947) at admission might be the risk factors of ineffective (all P<0.05). The results of the goodness of fit test for the model showed that, the goodness of fit was high (χ2=6.245, P=0.620); the model collinearity results showed that the variance inflation factors (VIF) values of each variable were <2, and there was no collinearity among the main indicators; the results of the individual independence test for the model showed that Durbin-Watson statistics (D-W)=0.279 and there was poor mutual independence among main indicators. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC) of serum CD80 at admission in predicting the therapeutic effects of children was 0.762, the cut-off value was 2.390%, and the specificity, sensitivity and Youden index were 0.598, 0792 and 0.390 respectively; the AUC predicted by CD86 was 0.739, the cut-off value was 3.280%, and the specificity, sensitivity and Youden index were 0.510, 0.896 and 0.406 respectively; the AUC by combined prediction was 0.823, and the specificity, sensitivity and Youden index were 0.696, 0.833 and 0.529 respectively. Conclusions　Peripheral blood stimulating molecules CD80 and CD86 are involved in the progression of HFMD. Their overexpression may suggest a high risk of treatment ineffectiveness in children with severe HFMD. Early dynamic monitoring of the expression of serum CD80 and CD86 has a certain predictive value for the therapeutic effect of children.

[Deep acupuncture of Lianquan (CV23) and Yifeng (TE17) in combination with conventional acupuncture of other acupoints is superior to swallowing rehabilitation training in improving post-stroke dysphagia in apoplexy patients].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture therapy in the treatment of dysphagia in apoplexy patients. METHODS: A total of 104 patients with post-stroke dysphagia were randomized into a control (conventional swallowing rehabilitation training) group and an acupuncture group (n＝ 52 cases in each one). In the control group, the conventional swallowing rehabilitation training was conducted, twice daily, 6 times a week for 4 weeks. In the acupuncture group, deep needling of main acupoints Lianquan (CV23) and Yifeng (TE17), and conventional acupuncture of adjuvant acupoints as Fengchi (GB20) and Fengfu (GV16), Wangu (GB12), Lieque (LU7), Jinjin (EX-HN12), Yuye (EX-HN13), etc. as well as electroacupuncture stimulation (15－20 Hz, 5 mA, and duration of 30 min) of ipsilateral CV23-GV16, TE17-GB20, and bilateral Neidaying acupoints were conducted. The acupuncture treatment was given once daily, 6 times a week for consecutive 4 weeks. In addition, patients of the two groups also received routine symptomatic treatment with drugs for anti-platelet aggregation, nourishing cranial nerve, lowering blood pressure, controlling blood glucose, improving cerebral circulation, etc. Before and after the treatment, the standard swallowing assessment (SSA, 18－46 points) and Kubota water swallowing test (WST, 1－5 grades) were conducted to evaluate the patient's swallowing function. The comprehensive therapeutic effect was assessed in accordance with the SSA and Kubota WST, and adverse reactions were recorded. RESULTS: After the treatment, the SSA score was considerably reduced in the two groups relevant to their own pre-treatment (both P<0.05), and was significantly lower in the acupuncture group than in the control group (P<0.05). The Kubota WST grade was evidently increased in the number of patients with grade Ⅰ (P<0.05) and reduced in the numbers of patients with grade Ⅲ－Ⅴ in both groups relevant to their own pre-treatment, and was more patients with grade Ⅰ in the acupuncture group than in the control group (P<0.05). Outcomes of the comprehensive therapeutic effect indicated that of the two 52 cases in the control and acupuncture groups, 8 (15.38%) and 19 (36.53%) were cured, 7 (13.46%) and 15 (28.45%) had marked improvement, 17 (32.69%) and 12 (23.08%) were effective, and 20 (38.46%) and 6 (11.54%) failed in the treatment, with the effective rate being 61.54% and 88.46%, respectively. The total effective rate of the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The adverse reactions such as regional hematoma (in 3 cases) and pain (in 2 cases) in the acupuncture group, and choking-coughing in the control group were seen, being 9.62% and 11.54% in the incidence rate, respectively. CONCLUSION: Deep needling of main acupoints Lianquan (CV23) and Yifeng (TE 17) in combination with conventional acupuncture of other acupoints is effective in improving local glossopharyngeal function in apoplexy patients with dysphagia, which is obviously superior to conventional swallowing rehabilitation training in the therapeutic effect and is applicable in clinical practice.

Mechanism of Cinnamomi Ramulus improving rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ANIT by regulating FXR pathway / 中国中药杂志

To study the mechanism and action of Cinnamomi Ramulus in ameliorating intrahepatic cholestasis induced by α-isothiocyanate( ANIT) in rats by regulating FXR pathway. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,positive control( ursodeoxycholic acid) group( 60 mg·kg~(-1)),Cinnamomi Ramulus treatment( 60 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group,and Cinnamomi Ramulus treatment( 20 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group,with 8 rats in each group. Except for the normal control group,the other groups were intragastrically administered with the corresponding concentrations of continuous aqueous solution( 0. 005 m L·g~(-1)),once a day,for 7 days.Except for the normal group,the other groups were treated with ANIT( 100 mg·kg~(-1)),once a day,for 3 days. Blood was taken from the abdominal aorta 24 hours after the last administration,and serum alanine aminotransferase( ALT),aspartate aminotransferase( AST),total bilirubin( TBi L),and total bile acid( TBA) were measured. 1. 5-2 cm of rat liver tissue was taken. After fixation with10% formaldehyde,paraffin-embedded sections were taken,HE staining was performed,and immunohistochemistry( IHC) was used to analyze the expression of FXR. RNA and protein were extracted from rat liver tissue to detect FXR mRNA expression,as well as bile acid synthesis and detoxification,transport related SHP,UGT2 B4,BSEP protein expressions at downstream of FXR. Compared with the normal group,serum ALT,AST,TBi L,and TBA levels were elevated in the model group( P<0. 01),liver damage was severe,FXR protein's optical density decreased,FXR mRNA expression decreased,and SHP,UGT2 B4,BSEP protein expressions were decreased( P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Compared with the model group,the drug group could reduce serum ALT,AST,TB,TBA levels to different degrees( P<0. 05,P<0. 01),alleviate liver tissue damage,increase the optical density of FXR protein,and promote the expressions of FXR mRNA and FXR,SHP,BSEP and UGT2 B4 proteins( P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Cinnamomi Ramulus can alleviate ANIT-induced intrahepatic cholestasis,and reduce hepatocyte injury and serum ALT,AST,TBi L and TBA levels. The mechanism may be through FXR-SHP,FXR-UGT2 B4,FXR-BSEP signaling pathways. Therefore,in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis,we can try to further explore in alleviating intrahepatic cholestasis with Cinnamomi Ramulus,so as to provide effective drugs for clinical treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis.

Eight new γ-lactam alkaloids from the roots of the Hemerocallis minor Mill.

Eight new γ-lactam alkaloids, hemerominors A-H (1-8), including two pair of epimers (1-4), together with six known compounds (9-14) were isolated from the roots of Hemerocallis minor Mill. The structures of 1-8 were established on the basis of extensive NMR studies and HR-MS measurements as well as comparison with literature data. The absolute configurations of 1-8 were determined by CD spectral analysis and modified Mosher's method. All of compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Among them, compound 13 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against NO production and with IC50 value of 18.0 µM.

Acupuncture Improves Intestinal Absorption of Iron in Iron-deficient Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Preliminary Trial.

BACKGROUND: Obesity has an adverse effect on iron status. Hepcidin-mediated inhibition of iron absorption in the duodenum is a potential mechanism. Iron-deficient obese patients have diminished response to oral iron therapy. This study was designed to assess whether acupuncture could promote the efficacy of oral iron supplementation for the treatment of obesity-related iron deficiency (ID). METHODS: Sixty ID or ID anemia (IDA) patients with obesity were screened at Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and were randomly allocated to receive either oral iron replacement allied with acupuncture weight loss treatment (acupuncture group, n = 30) or oral iron combined with sham-acupuncture treatment (control group, n = 30). Anthropometric parameters were measured and blood samples were tested pre- and post-treatment. Differences in the treatment outcomes of ID/IDA were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After 8 weeks of acupuncture treatment, there was a significant decrease in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist/hip circumference ratio of patients in the acupuncture group, while no significant changes were observed in the control group. Oral iron supplementation brought more obvious improvements of iron status indicators including absolute increases in serum iron (11.08 ± 2.19 µmol/L vs. 4.43 ± 0.47 µmol/L), transferrin saturation (11.26 ± 1.65% vs. 1.01 ± 0.23%), and hemoglobin (31.47 ± 1.19 g/L vs. 21.00 ± 2.69 g/L) in the acupuncture group than control group (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, serum leptin (2.26 ± 0.45 ng/ml vs. 8.13 ± 0.55 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and hepcidin (3.52 ± 1.23 ng/ml vs. 6.77 ± 0.84 ng/ml, P < 0.05) concentrations declined significantly in the acupuncture group than those in the control group. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture-based weight loss can enhance the therapeutic effects of iron replacement therapy for obesity-related ID/IDA through improving intestinal iron absorption, probably by downregulating the systemic leptin-hepcidin levels.

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) constitution of patients with metabolic syndrome(MS), so as to provide individualized therapy for the treatment and rehabilitation of MS. Methods The data of a total of 328 MS patients were collected, covering body height, body mass,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose,blood lipids such as triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), etc.. TCM constitution types of the MS patients were classified according to Self-rating Scale for Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Classification and Discrimination. Results (1)In the 328 cases,the patients with increased TG or having treated with lipid-lowering therapy,the patients complicated with increased blood pressure or having treated with antihypertensive therapy,and the patients with the previous diagnosis of hypertension were dominant,accounted for 41 cases(12.50%).(2)Bias constitution was predominant, showing in 308 cases and accounting for 93.90%. Phlegm-damp constitution was mostly commonly seen in the bias constitution, accounted for 78 cases(23.78%). And then the damp-heat constitution, Qi stagnation constitution, complicated constitution, Qi deficiency constitution, yang deficiency constitution, blood-stasis constitution, yin deficiency constitution and specific constitution came next orderly. Twenty patients had the harmony constitution, accounting for 6.10%. (3)MS patients with phlegm-damp constitution had higher body mass and BMI than the patients with harmony constitution, the difference being significant (P < 0.05). The differences of TG were significant between the phlegm-damp constitution and the specific constitution(P <0.05). Conclusion The included MS patients have typical clinical manifestations, and their TCM constitution types are commonly seen as phlegm-damp constitution,damp-heat constitution,and Qi stagnation constitution. The results of constitution discrimination will supply evidence for the individualized therapy for the treatment and rehabilitation of MS patients.

Acupuncture Improves Intestinal Absorption of Iron in Iron-deficient Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Preliminary Trial / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Obesity has an adverse effect on iron status. Hepcidin-mediated inhibition of iron absorption in the duodenum is a potential mechanism. Iron-deficient obese patients have diminished response to oral iron therapy. This study was designed to assess whether acupuncture could promote the efficacy of oral iron supplementation for the treatment of obesity-related iron deficiency (ID).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty ID or ID anemia (IDA) patients with obesity were screened at Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and were randomly allocated to receive either oral iron replacement allied with acupuncture weight loss treatment (acupuncture group, n = 30) or oral iron combined with sham-acupuncture treatment (control group, n = 30). Anthropometric parameters were measured and blood samples were tested pre- and post-treatment. Differences in the treatment outcomes of ID/IDA were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 8 weeks of acupuncture treatment, there was a significant decrease in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist/hip circumference ratio of patients in the acupuncture group, while no significant changes were observed in the control group. Oral iron supplementation brought more obvious improvements of iron status indicators including absolute increases in serum iron (11.08 ± 2.19 μmol/L vs. 4.43 ± 0.47 μmol/L), transferrin saturation (11.26 ± 1.65% vs. 1.01 ± 0.23%), and hemoglobin (31.47 ± 1.19 g/L vs. 21.00 ± 2.69 g/L) in the acupuncture group than control group (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, serum leptin (2.26 ± 0.45 ng/ml vs. 8.13 ± 0.55 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and hepcidin (3.52 ± 1.23 ng/ml vs. 6.77 ± 0.84 ng/ml, P < 0.05) concentrations declined significantly in the acupuncture group than those in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture-based weight loss can enhance the therapeutic effects of iron replacement therapy for obesity-related ID/IDA through improving intestinal iron absorption, probably by downregulating the systemic leptin-hepcidin levels.</p>

Comparative Study of TCM Syndrome Scale for Liver Disease and Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire Based on Assessment of Posthepatitic Cirrhosis.

Objective. To compare and analyze the relevance and applied value of chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) and Traditional Chinese Medicine liver disease questionnaire (TCMLDQ) in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis. Methods. The data of 146 patients' scales of CLDQ and TCMLDQ which based on the characteristics of chinese medical symptoms were collected. We made comparative analysis of the relationship between these two scales by the linear regression model and canonical correlation method and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of two scales about its items setting and dimension definition. Result. There is a negative correlation in total scores between the two scales and the linear regression equation: CLDQ = 239.38 - 1.232TCMLDQ. The further canonical correlation analysis was used to analyze the two extracted canonical correlative variables with significances (P < 0.05), and the results showed that the overall negative correlation between the two scales mainly came from contributions of both the four dimensions of TCMLDQ (CS, GSYX, GYPX, and OS) and the five dimensions of CLDQ (AS, FA, SS, AC, and EF). Conclusion. These two scales have good consistency in the evaluation of severity and life quality of liver cirrhosis patients, so we suggested that TCMLDQ can be used to evaluate the severity and life quality of patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis.

[Biochemical characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and their elements in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and their elements in patients with post hepatitic cirrhosis by analyzing the relationships between signs and symptoms and biochemical parameters. METHODS: A total of 440 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis treated in Shanghai Public Health Center and Shuguang Hospital, Longhua Hospital and Central Hospital of Putuo District Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine during January 2002 to January 2006 were enrolled in this study. Signs and symptoms and biochemical information of patients were collected by using a self-designed questionnaire regarding the four examinations of TCM. Signs and symptoms were firstly analyzed to find the frequency of occurrence. Then, the patients were divided into two groups according to non-existent or existent sign and symptom and the correlations between the signs and symptoms which occurred most frequently and their biochemical parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: Sixteen symptoms which occurred most frequently were fatigue, colored urine, liver palms, opaque complexion, string-like pulse, weakness at waist and knees, dry month and bitter taste in the mouth, profuse dreaminess and poor sleepiness, heaviness of limbs, abdominal distention, yellow eyes, fine pulse, impetuosity and susceptibility to rage, splenomegaly, poor appetite, and distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium. A previous study on syndrome differentiation of 900 patients with post hepatitic cirrhosis showed 4 syndrome patterns: internal accumulation of dampness-heat, liver-kidney yin deficiency, internal accumulation of blood stasis-heat, and liver depression and spleen deficiency. Further analysis showed that internal accumulation of dampness-heat syndrome was characterized by obvious hepatic inflammation, poor synthesis function and more ascites. Liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome was characterized by low-level hepatic inflammation, poor synthesis function and more ascites. Internal accumulation of blood stasis-heat syndrome was characterized by low-level hepatic inflammation, poorer synthesis function, ascites and splenomegalia, and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome was characterized by slight hepatic inflammation, synthesis function injury, decreased internal portal vein diameter and less ascites. CONCLUSION: Different syndrome patterns have different pathological features, showing the complexity and polymorphism of syndrome construction.

[Professor He Pu-ren: the founder of Santong method of acupuncture and moxibustion].

Professor He Pu-ren, the founder of Santong method of acupuncture and moxibustion, is a well known acupuncturist at home and abroad. His main contributions include combined martial arts and Chinese medicine, showing obvious therapeutic effect; taking part in establishment of The Department of Acupuncture, Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital; creating Santong method of acupuncture and moxibustion; advocating fire needle therapy; writing medical books and teaching students; advocating the culture of acupuncture; making the metal model of acupuncture and moxibustion, and others. His achievements have become an important part of acupuncture and moxibustion science.

Professor He Pu-ren: the founder of Santong method of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

Professor He Pu-ren, the founder of Santong method of acupuncture and moxibustion, is a well known acupuncturist at home and abroad. His main contributions include combined martial arts and Chinese medicine, showing obvious therapeutic effect; taking part in establishment of The Department of Acupuncture, Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital; creating Santong method of acupuncture and moxibustion; advocating fire needle therapy; writing medical books and teaching students; advocating the culture of acupuncture; making the metal model of acupuncture and moxibustion, and others. His achievements have become an important part of acupuncture and moxibustion science.

[Effects of ginkgo biloba extracts on NMDA-activated currents in acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons].

AIM: To investigate effect of ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-activated currents (I(NMDA)) and evaluate further the modulatory effects of Micro-GBE/Nano-GBE. METHODS: By means of whole-cell patch clamp technique, NMDA-activated currents from acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons were recored. RESULTS: The majority of the neurons examined (81.8%, 90/110) were sensitive to NMDA (1 mmol/L) and its co-agonist Gly (10 micromol/L). NMDA activated an inward current, which manifested apparent desensitization and could be blocked by its specific antagonist MK-801. After the neurons were treated with Micro/Nano GBE (0.1 mg/ml) followed by the application of NMDA (1 mmol/L) and Gly (10 micromol/L) for 30 s, it was show that NMDA-activated currents were obviously inhibited (P < 0.01, n = 8). The inhibitory rate were 40% +/- 17% and 64% +/- 15% respectively. It showed that the modulatory effect of Nano-GBE (dissolved in the stander extracellular solution) on NMDA-activated current was significantly higher than that of Micro-GBE (dissolved in DMSO) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The inward currents activated by NMDA could be depressed by Micro-GBE and Nano-GBE. The modulatory effects of GBE on NMDA-activated current are expected to contribute to the neuroprotective effects of ginkgo biloba extracts. In addition, at the same concentration, the modulatory effect of Nano-GBE on NMDA-activated current is better than that of Micro-GBE.

Effects of ginkgo biloba extracts on NMDA-activated currents in acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate effect of ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-activated currents (I(NMDA)) and evaluate further the modulatory effects of Micro-GBE/Nano-GBE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By means of whole-cell patch clamp technique, NMDA-activated currents from acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons were recored.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The majority of the neurons examined (81.8%, 90/110) were sensitive to NMDA (1 mmol/L) and its co-agonist Gly (10 micromol/L). NMDA activated an inward current, which manifested apparent desensitization and could be blocked by its specific antagonist MK-801. After the neurons were treated with Micro/Nano GBE (0.1 mg/ml) followed by the application of NMDA (1 mmol/L) and Gly (10 micromol/L) for 30 s, it was show that NMDA-activated currents were obviously inhibited (P < 0.01, n = 8). The inhibitory rate were 40% +/- 17% and 64% +/- 15% respectively. It showed that the modulatory effect of Nano-GBE (dissolved in the stander extracellular solution) on NMDA-activated current was significantly higher than that of Micro-GBE (dissolved in DMSO) (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The inward currents activated by NMDA could be depressed by Micro-GBE and Nano-GBE. The modulatory effects of GBE on NMDA-activated current are expected to contribute to the neuroprotective effects of ginkgo biloba extracts. In addition, at the same concentration, the modulatory effect of Nano-GBE on NMDA-activated current is better than that of Micro-GBE.</p>

Relationship between the TCM-type of male infertility and laboratory results of semen and serum sex hormone / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the TCM-type of male infertility and the laboratory results of sex hormone.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-eight patients with male infertility were divided into 5 groups: Shenyangxu, Shenyinxu, Tanshineiyu, Ganyuxieyu and Jianjiaheng. Semen and blood samples were taken from each patient. Then both semen routine and serum hormone tests were performed, in which CLIA was used with sex hormone.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The routine test of semen showed that Shengyangxu group had a lower semen count (P < 0.01) and a lower survival ratio (P < 0.01) than shenyinxu group. Ganyuxieyu group had a lower survival ratio (P < 0.01) and inferior motility (P < 0.01). While the sex hormone test, showed that the Shenyinxu, Tanshineiyu, and Ganyuxueyu group had a higher level of testosterone (P < 0.05) than Shenyangxu group, and Shenyinxu group had a lower level of LH, FSH than Shenyanxu group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Some relationship does exist between the TCM-type of male infertility and semen count, survival ratio and serum T, LH, FSH concentration.</p>

Study on selective breeding of medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate botanical characters and yield of four cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium for further study on their genetic diversity and selective breeding.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The characters were observed and yield was investigated by field randomized block and analysis of variance.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>The botanical characters are difference among four cultivars; the amount of single flower head is the main factor influencing on the output of Chrysanthemum morifolium (r = 0.925); the yield of "Hongxinju" and "Xiaobaiju" are remarkably higher than that of "Dabaiju" and "Changbanju".</p>

Comparative study on internal quality of four cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the genetic diversity of C. morifolium on the chemical constituents.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Chemical constituents of four cultivars cultivated with the same conditions were compared in three types of index: chlorogenic acid, flavonoid and volatile oil.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>With different cultivars and processing methods, the contents of chlorogenic acid, flavonoid and volatile oil extracted from C. morifolium vary great extent.</p>

Analysis on the Law of Application of Drugs in Commonly-used Chinese Herb Complex Prescriptions for Treatment of Hypetension / 中医杂志

Objective:To study on the law of application of drugs in complex prescriptions of Chinese herbs for treatment of hypertension. Methods:The author read 1 102 papers about treatment of hypertension from 1980 to 2003,collected 1 191 complex prescriptions of Chinese herhs,established Access database of complex prescription of Chinese drugs for treatment of hypertension,and analyzed the law of application of drugs in complex prescription of Chinese herbs for treatment of hypertension by combination of Access, Excel with VB programming based on the database.Results:In the 1 191 complex prescriptions of Chinese herbs,394 herbs were used 11 371 times.Among them,the drugs for reinforcing deficiency,clearing heat,calming the liver to stop the wind,and activating blood stasis and removing blood stasis are main.192 pairs of drugs were used over 50 times,with 21 traditional drug pairs of Chinese medicine,and combination principles of the first 10 pairs with the highest application frequency were analyzed by TCM combination theory.And there were 30 drug groups which were used for over 50 times,and prescription composition principles of the first 10 groups with the highest application times were analyzed by TCM composition theory.Conclusion:Large- scale data process with computer is an effective method for finding the law of application of drugs in Chinese complex prescriptions for treatment of hypertension.