Ginkgo biloba and Its Chemical Components in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease.

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, remains unclear. The main manifestations of AD include cognitive and behavioral disorders, neuropsychiatric symptoms, neuroinflammation, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. However, current drugs for AD once the dementia stage has been reached only treat symptoms and do not delay progression, and the research and development of targeted drugs for AD have reached a bottleneck. Thus, other treatment options are needed. Bioactive ingredients derived from plants are promising therapeutic agents. Specifically, Ginkgo biloba (Gb) extracts exert anti-oxidant, anticancer, neuroplastic, neurotransmitter-modulating, blood fluidity, and anti-inflammatory effects, offering alternative options in the treatment of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. The main chemical components of Gb include flavonoids, terpene lactones, proanthocyanidins, organic acids, polysaccharides, and amino acids. Gb and its extracts have shown remarkable therapeutic effects on various neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, with few adverse reactions. Thus, high-quality Gb extracts are a well-established treatment option for AD. In this review, we summarize the insights derived from traditional Chinese medicine, experimental models, and emerging clinical trials on the role of Gb and its chemical components in the treatment of the main clinical manifestations of AD.

Traditional Chinese medicine on treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common urinary system disease in the male population. Recent studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can alleviate the pain caused by CP/CPPS to a certain extent and improve the quality of life of patients. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCM for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to May 2019. The quality of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be evaluated with the risk of bias (ROB) tool and evidence will be evaluated by Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE). STATA 13.0 and Revman 5.3 will be used to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize direct and indirect evidence. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42019131527.

Traditional Chinese medicine on treating epididymitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

BACKGROUND: Epididymitis is a common disease in nonspecific infections of the male reproductive system according to the clinical incidence of acute epididymitis and chronic epididymitis. Many clinical trials have proven that Chinese medicine has a significant effect in the treatment of epididymitis. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for epididymitis. METHODS: We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, Embase, WorldSciNet, Nature, Science online, China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to November 2018. We will use the criteria provided by Cochrane 5.1.0 for quality assessment and risk assessment of the included studies, and use the Revman 5.3 and Stata13.0 software for meta-analysis of the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and symptom scores of epididymitis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM for treating epididymitis. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process.Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019130569.

Effectiveness comparison of a Chinese dicitraditionalmene formula Wuzi Yanzong Pill and its analogous prescriptions for the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

BACKGROUND: Among male sterility factors, oligoasthenozoospermia is the most common. As people's lifestyle changes and the population ages, the incidence of oligoasthenozoospermia continues to increase. The studies have shown that about 15% of married couples in the world are affected by infertility, among which infertility caused by male factors alone accounts for about 50%. Many clinical trials have proven that Wuzi Yanzong Pill has a significant effect in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Wuzi Yanzong Pill for oligoasthenozoospermia. METHODS: We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online, and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to April 2019. We will use the criteria provided by Cochrane 5.1.0 for quality assessment and risk assessment of the included studies, and use the Revman 5.3 and Stata13.0 software for meta-analysis of the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and symptom scores of oligoasthenozoospermia. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Wuzi Yanzong Pill for treating oligoasthenozoospermia. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process Trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42019119170.

Traditional Chinese medicine on treating premature ejaculation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Premature ejaculation is a form of male sexual dysfunction. As people's lifestyle changes and the population ages, the incidence of premature ejaculation continues to increase. Many clinical trials have proven that Chinese medicine has a significant effect in the treatment of premature ejaculation. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Traditional Chinese medicine for premature ejaculation. METHODS: We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to April 2019. We will use the criteria provided by Cochrane 5.1.0 for quality assessment and risk assessment of the included studies, and use the Revman 5.3 and Stata13.0 software for meta-analysis of the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and symptom scores of premature ejaculation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese medicine for treating premature ejaculation. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process Trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42017065316.

Effectiveness comparisons of acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol.

BACKGROUND: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common urinary system disease in the male population. Recent studies have shown that acupuncture can alleviate the pain caused by CP/CPPS to a certain extent and improve the quality of life of patients. This study used a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the effectiveness and safety of different forms of acupuncture on CP/CPPS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online and China Journal Full-text Database, China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database, and related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to December 2018. The quality of the included RCTs will be evaluated with the risk of bias tool and evidence will be evaluated by grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation. STATA 13.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 through the GeMTC package will be used to perform a NMA to synthesize direct and indirect evidence. RESULTS: The results of this NMA will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42018111408.