RESUMEN
A novel method is proposed for the production of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) by labyrinthulids. The method comprises a monoxenic culture with Psychlobacter phenylpyruvicus, using agar medium in which oil was dispersed. Soybean oil (SBO) was selected as the optimum material for an oil-dispersed agar medium. The labyrinthulids showed three-dimensional growth and an anastomosing ectoplasmic network in the SBO-dispersed agar medium. The oil plate changed from an opaque culture to a more transparent culture, due to growth of the labyrinthulids. The optimum culture conditions were 25-30 degrees C, an initial pH of 6-10 and artificial seawater with a salt concentration of 50-100%. These conditions are close to those where these strains were isolated. The maximum LCPUFA production (0.59 g/l) and dry cell weight (4.93 g/l) was obtained using strain S3-2 (isolated from Ishigaki Island) with 1.5% SBO at 14 days. This value was about 30 times more than that using glucose instead of SBO. The method proposed is promising in terms of the production of LCPUFA from reproducible oils.
Asunto(s)
Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/biosíntesis , Mixomicetos/metabolismo , Aceite de Soja/farmacología , Agar , Bacterias/metabolismo , Medios de Cultivo , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Mixomicetos/crecimiento & desarrollo , TemperaturaRESUMEN
We performed human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and human platelet antigen (HPA) in patients with Kami-kihi-to-responsive idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The HLA-A2, A61 and Cw1 were significantly increased in responders compared with nonresponders, as were HLA DRB1 *0901, DRB1 *1502, and DPB1 *0501. In contrast, HLA DPB1 *0201 and DPB1 *0901 were significantly decreased in responders. The a/b genotype of HPA-2 and a/a genotype of HPA-3 were markedly increased in nonresponders, and anti-GPIb antibody was also increased. These results suggest that HLA, HPA, and anti-GP antibody studies may predict the response of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura to Kami-kihi-to.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Plaqueta Humana/clasificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Antígenos HLA/clasificación , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/inmunología , Antígenos de Plaqueta Humana/genética , Femenino , Antígenos HLA/genética , Antígeno HLA-A2/clasificación , Antígeno HLA-A2/genética , Antígenos HLA-B/clasificación , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Antígenos HLA-C/clasificación , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Antígenos HLA-DR/clasificación , Antígenos HLA-DR/genética , Cadenas HLA-DRB1 , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Humanos , Masculino , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Diet including mold oil from a lipid accumulative fungus, containing gamma-linolenic acid, showed an inhibitory effect on thrombus formation in the microvessels of rats by the light/dye method of the authors. Male Wistar rats were fed for 3 to 4 weeks with two series of experimental diets and were examined for thrombus formation. The thrombus formation times to totally occlude, ts, were 347 sec for (mold + soybean)-oil and 236 sec for (palm + soybean)-oil in the first series of diets and 1288 sec for mold oil, 538 sec for olive oil and 575 sec for safflower oil in the second series of diets. Fatty acid composition of plasma, erythrocyte and liver lipids showed an increase in arachidonate content with the diet including the mold oil. Higher arachidonate content seem favorable in inhibiting thrombus formation with increasing PGI2 formation. In terms of the level of lipid hydroperoxides, indicated as a desaturation index of constituent fatty acids, the higher desaturation index with safflower oil gave shorter ts, which suggested some oxygen derived free radicals from polyunsaturated fatty acids were involved in the mechanism of thrombogenesis study by this method.
Asunto(s)
Grasas de la Dieta/farmacología , Ácidos Linolénicos/farmacología , Oclusión Vascular Mesentérica/prevención & control , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Trombosis/prevención & control , Animales , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Grasas de la Dieta/uso terapéutico , Fluoresceína , Fluoresceínas/toxicidad , Radicales Libres , Hongos/análisis , Luz/efectos adversos , Ácidos Linolénicos/uso terapéutico , Peroxidación de Lípido , Masculino , Oclusión Vascular Mesentérica/etiología , Aceites de Plantas/aislamiento & purificación , Aceites de Plantas/uso terapéutico , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Trombosis/etiología , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido gammalinolénicoRESUMEN
It was observed, in vitro, that the water extract of the fermented-tea customarily chewed by Thai people has a similar thermostable thiamine-inactivating factor to that found in the water extract of fern. It was also observed that the percentage of thiamine disulfide formed from thiamine with some flavones, catechol, pyrogallol, caffeic acid, dihydroxyphenylalanine, and hemin is greater at pH 7.5 than at pH 7.0. With some flavonoids, such as quercetin, rutin, and 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone, and pyrogallol, hemin, catechol and caffeic acid at pH 7.5, around 30-100% of thiamine is changed into thiamine disulfide. Water extract of shiitake, okra, coffee, black tea and fukinoto have only weak activities of thermostable thiamine-inactivating factors as a large percentage of thiamine disulfide is formed from thiamine even at pH 7.0. 2-Methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethylpyrimidine was isolated from the reaction mixture of 1 g thiamine with 20 mg catechol (1:0.5 mole) at pH 7.0, 45 degrees C, and identified with the synthesized pyrimidine.