RESUMEN
The plasma n-3 fatty acid level was 26.2% lower in patients with osteoporotic hip fracture than in those with osteoarthritis. In all patients, n-3 fatty acid was positively associated with bone mineral density and inversely associated with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b level in bone marrow aspirates, reflecting the bone microenvironment. INTRODUCTION: Despite the potential beneficial role of n-3 fatty acid (FA) on bone metabolism, the specific mechanisms underlying these effects in humans remain unclear. Here, we assessed whether the plasma n-3 level, as an objective indicator of its status, is associated with osteoporosis-related phenotypes and bone-related markers in human bone marrow (BM) samples. METHODS: This was a case-control and cross-sectional study conducted in a clinical unit. n-3 FA in the blood and bone biochemical markers in the BM aspirates were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and immunoassay, respectively. BM fluids were collected from 72 patients who underwent hip surgery because of either osteoporotic hip fracture (HF; n = 28) or osteoarthritis (n = 44). RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, patients with HF had 26.2% lower plasma n-3 levels than those with osteoarthritis (P = 0.006), and each standard deviation increment in plasma n-3 was associated with a multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of 0.40 for osteoporotic HF (P = 0.010). In multivariate analyses including all patients, a higher plasma n-3 level was associated with higher bone mass at the lumbar spine (ß = 0.615, P = 0.002) and total femur (ß = 0.244, P = 0.045). Interestingly, the plasma n-3 level was inversely associated with the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b level (ß = - 0.633, P = 0.023), but not with the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase level, in BM aspirates. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide clinical evidence that n-3 FA is a potential inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis that favors human bone health.
Asunto(s)
Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/sangre , Fracturas de Cadera/fisiopatología , Fracturas Osteoporóticas/fisiopatología , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente/metabolismo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Resorción Ósea/fisiopatología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios Transversales , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/fisiología , Ácidos Grasos Omega-6/sangre , Femenino , Fémur/fisiopatología , Fracturas de Cadera/sangre , Humanos , Vértebras Lumbares/fisiopatología , Masculino , Fracturas Osteoporóticas/sangreRESUMEN
We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal interaction effects between the minor allele of FADS1 rs174547 and overweight on n-3 and n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Plasma PUFA levels were measured via GC-MS, and arterial stiffness was determined as brachial-ankle PWV (ba-PWV) at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 3 years. The FADS1 rs174547 Tâ¯>â¯C genotype was analyzed. At 3-years of follow-up, after adjustment for age, sex, smoking and drinking, there were interaction effects between the FADS1 rs174547 Tâ¯>â¯C genotype and baseline BMI on the changes (from baseline) in plasma arachidonic acid (AA) levels, in the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/AA ratio, and in ba-PWV (p for interactionâ¯=â¯0.036, 0.022, and 0.001, respectively). There were smaller increases in AA levels from baseline among normal-weight C allele carriers (nâ¯=â¯112) and overweight TT subjects (nâ¯=â¯47) than among normal-weight TT subjects (nâ¯=â¯91). Overweight C allele carriers (nâ¯=â¯37) showed greater reductions in the plasma EPA/AA ratio and greater increases in ba-PWV than the 3 other populations studied. The minor allele of the FADS1 rs174547 polymorphism is associated with age-related decreases in the EPA/AA ratio and increases in ba-PWV among overweight subjects.