Effect of acupotomy on the fat infiltration degree of lumbar multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupotomy on the fat infiltration degree of lumbar multifidus muscle (LMM) in patients with lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED).@*METHODS@#A total of 104 patients with lumbar disc herniation treated with PTED were randomly divided into an observation group (52 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (52 cases, 4 cases dropped off). Patients of both groups received rehabilitation training of two weeks 48 h after PTED treatment. The observation group was treated with acupotomy (L3-L5 Jiaji [EX-B 2]) once within 24 h after PTED. In the two groups, the fat infiltration cross sectional area (CSA) of LMM was compared before and 6 months after PTED, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score were observed before and 1, 6 months after PTED. The correlation between fat infiltration CSA of LMM in each segment and VAS score was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Six months after PTED, the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in L4/L5 and the total L3-S1 segments of the observation group was lower than that before PTED (P<0.05), and the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in L4/L5 of the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.01). One month after PTED, the ODI and VAS scores of the two groups were lower than those before PTED (P<0.01), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). Six months after PTED, the ODI and VAS scores of the two groups were lower than those before PTED and 1 month after PTED (P<0.01), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in the total L3-S1 segments and VAS scores in the two groups before PTED (r = 0.64, P<0.01). Six months after PTED, there was no correlation between the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in each segment and VAS scores in the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupotomy can improve the fat infiltration degree of LMM, pain symptoms and activities of daily living in patients with lumbar disc herniation after PTED.

Different dosage regimens of nifedipine, labetalol, and hydralazine for the treatment of severe hypertension during pregnancy: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVES: This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) hydralazine, oral nifedipine, and IV labetalol with different dosage regimens in the treatment of severe hypertension during pregnancy. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the effects of hydralazine, nifedipine, and labetalol in the treatment of severe hypertension during pregnancy. RESULTS: A total of 21 RCTs with 2183 patients comparing 7 regimens (oral nifedipine 50,60,90 mg; hydralazine 15,25 mg; and labetalol 220,300 mg) were identified. Compared with IV labetalol 300 mg, nifedipine 50,60, and 90 mg significantly improved the successful treatment rate of severe hypertension during pregnancy, nifedipine 50 and 90 mg and IV hydralazine 25 mg required significantly fewer doses to achieve target blood pressure (BP), and nifedipine 50 mg took significantly shorter time to achieve target BP. Subgroup analysis showed that only nifedipine 50 mg tablets, not capsules, required a significantly shorter time and fewer doses to achieve target BP than IV labetalol 300 mg. Moreover, nifedipine 60,90 mg showed superior effectiveness than IV hydralazine 15,25 mg in the successful treatment rate of severe hypertension during pregnancy. SUCRA analysis suggested that nifedipine 50,60,90 mg as the better regimens with the lower rates of overall ADR and neonatal complications. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated the superiority of oral nifedipine 50,60,90 mg, especially oral nifedipine 50 mg tablets, in the treatment of severe hypertension during pregnancy than IV labetalol 300 mg, while oral nifedipine 60,90 mg also showed superiority in the successful treatment rate of severe hypertension during pregnancy than IV hydralazine 15,25 mg. However, the limitations of the underlying data indicate that future large-scale and rigorous RCTs are needed to confirm such findings.

[Flavorand taste change rules of Sophora Flavescentis Radix processed using ancient classical method:an exploration based on intelligent sensory analysis].

This study was designed to investigate the flavor and taste change rules of Sophora Flavescentis Radix processed using the ancient classical method documented in Master Lei's Discourse on Medicinal Processing(Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun). The Sophora Flavescentis Radix pieces and the corresponding test samples in each processing stage were first prepared based on the processing method for Sophora Flavescentis Radix recorded in Master Lei's Discourse on Medicinal Processing(Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun). Then the flavors and tastes of Sophora Flavescentis Radix test samples undergoing the soaking in rice-washed water, washing with clean water, and steaming for different time were compared with the electronic nose and tongue. The results showed that in the preparation of Sophora Flavescentis Radix with the ancient method, such processes as soaking in rice-washed water and washing with clean water had no significant influences on the flavor, which, however, was weakened by steaming. In terms of the taste, soaking with rice-washed water enhanced the bitter taste of Sophora Flavescentis Radix, which remained unchanged after being washed with the clean water. The steaming would also diminish the bitter taste, making it taste similar to the original Sophora Flavescentis Radix medicinal materials. During the steaming for six to eight hours, the flavor did not vary significantly over time, while the bitter taste was first weakened and then intensified. The bitter taste of Sophora Flavescentis Radix steamed for six hours was similar to that steamed for eight hours. In addition, the differences in flavor and taste between Sophora Flavescentis Radix pieces processed by the ancient method in Master Lei's Discourse on Medicinal Processing(Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun)and those by the modern method in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia were analyzed. The findings demonstrated that the flavor of Sophora Flavescentis Radix pieces prepared by the ancient method was weaker than that by the modern method, whereas the bitter taste showed the opposite trend. The exploration on the flavor and taste change rules of Sophora Flavescentis Radix in its preparation by the ancient classical method and the differences in flavor and taste between Sophora Flavescentis Radix decoction pieces prepared by ancient and modern methods will lay a foundation for further elucidation of the scientific connotation of the ancient processing method and the medication principles of Sophora Flavescentis Radix in both ancient and modern times.

Comparative plastomic analysis of three Bulbophyllum medicinal plants and its significance in species identification / 药学学报

italic>Bulbophyllum orchids are popular for its ornamental appearance and great medicinal values. However, there is still a lack of research on phylogenetic relationship and species identification for this genus. In this study, the plastome sequences of three medicinal Bulbophyllum orchids (Bulbophyllum affine, Bulbophyllum pectinatum, Bulbophyllum funingense) were sequenced and analyzed. After assembly and annotation, it was found that the plastomes of Bulbophyllum plants encoded a total of 108 genes, including 74 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Based on the analysis of mVISTA and comparison between junctions, it was found that the plastome structure of Bulbophyllum orchids was relatively conserved, and the variation mainly existed in the non-coding regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Bulbophyllum orchids were closely related to Dendrobium orchids. SSR analysis of Bulbophyllum showed that most SSRs were located in the intergenic spacer and had the most single nucleotide repeats. In addition, based on the comparative analysis of non-coding sequences, a total of 10 high-variability sequences were screened out, among which the combination of five non-coding region sequences, including psbI-trnS, psbC-trnS, clpP-ex1-psbB, psaJ-rpl33, rpl33-rps18, had the highest sequence variability and could be used in the species identification study of medicinal plants of Bulbophyllum. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis for phylogenetic relationship and species identification of Bulbophyllum orchids through the comparative analysis of plastome sequences of three medicinal plants of the genus Bulbophyllum.

A smart near-infrared spectroscopy evaluation system for quality management of Chinese medicinal materials based on quality markers / 药学学报

The quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the lifeline for TCM industry. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has provided new means for the quality management of Chinese medicinal materials (CMM). In this paper, we take the quality marker (Q-marker) as a breakthrough point, focused on the research strategy from chemical markers to Q-markers, picked up the characteristics of the Q-markers from the near infrared spectrum (NIRS), and explored the feasibility of establishing the NIRS assay based on Q-marker. After integrated the biological activity detection and artificial neural network algorithm, we try to establish the relationship between the spectral properties of NIRS and specific efficacy of the CMM. Finally, the bottlenecks will be solved that related to the transmission and traceability of quality attributes in the process of TCM production, quantity change, overall quality management and so on. This system is going to improve TCM quantity scientific and intelligent supervision, and promote the upgrading of traditional TCM industry.

Analysis of medication patterns of Chinese patent medicine for cough / 中草药

To reveal the medication patterns of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of cough based on the analysis of the patent status of Chinese materia medica (CMM) in the field of cough control in nearly 20 years. Patents of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of cough were systematically searched in SIPO Platform and CNKI, association analysis and network analysis of high-frequency medicines were used to reveal the medication patterns of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of cough with software Clementine 12.0. The results showed that Chinese medicine with highest frequency in 316 formulas was Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the other Chinese herbs with higher frequency were Platycodonis Radix, Ephedrae Herba, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Pinelliae Rhizoma, etc. The main categories were the medicines used to treat cough and asthma, as well as to reduce phlegm. The commonly used herbal pairs were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Platycodonis Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Pinelliae Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ephedrae Herba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, etc. It was concluded that the medication patterns of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of cough can be revealed based on the analysis of the herbal frequency, herbal pairs, association rules, and the network of high-frequency medicines and the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to provide reference evidences for clinical medication.

[Development and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine processing discipline and Chinese herbal pieces industry].

To elucidate the key issues in the development and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine processing discipline and Chinese herbal pieces industry Chinese herbal pieces industry. According to the author's accumulated experience over years and demand of the development of the Chinese herbal pieces industry, the key issues in the development and innovation on the Chinese herbal pieces industry were summarized. According to the author, the traditional Chinese medicine processing discipline shall focus on a application basis research. The development of this discipline should be closely related to the development of Chinese herbal pieces. The traditional Chinese medicine processing discipline can be improved and its results can be transformed only if this discipline were correlated with the Chinese herbal pieces industry, matched with the development of the Chinese herbal pieces industry, and solved the problems in the development on the Chinese herbal pieces industry. The development of traditional Chinese medicine processing discipline and the Chinese herbal pieces industry also requires scientific researchers to make constant innovations, realize the specialty of the researches, and innovate based on inheritance.

Evaluation of genetic diversity and population structure of Bletilla striata based on SRAP markers / 药学学报

Bletilla striata has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for several centuries. In recent years, the quality and quantity of wild B. striata plants have declined sharply due to habitat deterioration and human over-exploitation. Therefore, it is of great urgency to evaluate and protect B. striata wild plant resource. In this study, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were applied to assess the level and pattern of genetic diversity in twelve populations of B. striata. The results showed a high level of genetic diversity (PPB = 90.48%, H = 0.349 4, I = 0.509 6) and moderate genetic differentiation among populations (Gst = 0.260 9). Based on the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA), twelve populations gathered in three clusters. The cluster 1 included four populations. There are Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Xuancheng and Hangzhou. The seven populations which come from Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Jiangxi Province and Guizhou Province belonged to the cluster 2. The cluster 3 only contained Wenshan population. Moreover, Mantel test revealed significant positive correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances (r = 0.632 9; P B. striata.

Rapid identification and evaluation of Chinese materia medica quality by near infrared spectroscopy / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, the research object of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) analysis has not just been limited to the common analysis technology, but focused on the key relationship between chemical ingredients and traditional functions, including Chinese material medica (CMM) attributes, chemical substance and biological function. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) analysis technology, due to its unique advantages, has been developed rapidly in the field of pharmaceutical analysis, especially in the TCM analysis. NIRS can reflect the global chemical information comprehensively, and this holistic approach can be used for the identification and cluster analysis of CMM. On the other hand, inspiring by the concept of TCM quality markers (Q-markers), by means of the activity screening assay of the key components from the CMM, multiple bioactive components quantitation can be achieved by the NIRS combined with chemometrics. Taking the full advantage of the NIR technology, a simple and reliable method for the fast evaluation of the quality of TCMs can be provided. Therefore, the progress and trend of modern TCM quality evaluation by NIR are discussed and prospected in the present review.

Evaluation of genetic diversity and population structure of Bletilla striata based on SRAP markers / 药学学报

Bletilla striata has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for several centuries. In recent years, the quality and quantity of wild B. striata plants have declined sharply due to habitat deterioration and human over-exploitation. Therefore, it is of great urgency to evaluate and protect B. striata wild plant resource. In this study, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were applied to assess the level and pattern of genetic diversity in twelve populations of B. striata. The results showed a high level of genetic diversity (PPB = 90.48%, H = 0.349 4, I = 0.509 6) and moderate genetic differentiation among populations (G(st) = 0.260 9). Based on the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA), twelve populations gathered in three clusters. The cluster 1 included four populations. There are Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Xuancheng and Hangzhou. The seven populations which come from Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Jiangxi Province and Guizhou Province belonged to the cluster 2. The cluster 3 only contained Wenshan population. Moreover, Mantel test revealed significant positive correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances (r = 0.632 9; P < 0.000 1). According to the results, we proposed a series of conservation consideration for B. striata.

Applylication of new type combined fragments: nrDNA ITS+ nad 1-intron 2 for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous / 药学学报

In this study, 17 kinds of Dendrobium species of Fengdous including 39 individuals were collected from 4 provinces. Mitochondrial gene sequences co I, nad 5, nad 1-intron 2 and chloroplast gene sequences rbcL, matK amd psbA-trnH were amplified from these materials, as well as nrDNA ITS. Furthermore, suitable sequences for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous were screened by K-2-P and P-distance. The results showed that during the mentioned 7 sequences, nrDNA ITS, nad 1-intron 2 and psbA-trnH which had a high degree of variability could be used to identify Dendrobium species of Fengdous. However, single fragment could not be used to distinguish D. moniliforme and D. huoshanense. Moreover, compared to other combined fragments, new type combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 was more effective in identifying the original plants of Dendrobium species and could be used to identify D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme. Besides, according to the UPGMA tree constructed with nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2, 3 inspected Dendrobium plants were identified as D. huoshanense, D. moniliforme and D. officinale, respectively. This study identified Dendrobium species of Fengdous by combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 for the first time, which provided a more effective basis for identification of Dendrobium species. And this study will be helpful for regulating the market of Fengdous.

Synergism and rules of the new combination drug Yiqijiedu formulae (YQJD) on ischemic stroke based on amino acids (AAs) metabolism.

The use of combination drugs is considered to be a promising strategy to control complex diseases such as ischemic stroke. The detection of metabolites has been used as a versatile tool to reveal the potential mechanism of diverse diseases. In this study, the levels of 12 endogenous AAs were simultaneously determined quantitatively in the MCAO rat brain using RRLC-QQQ method. Seven AAs were chosen as the potential biomarkers, and using PLS-DA analysis, the effects of the new combination drug YQJD, which is composed of ginsenosides, berberine, and jasminoidin, on those 7 AAs were evaluated. Four AAs, glutamic acid, homocysteine, methionine, and tryptophan, which changed significantly in the YQJD-treated groups compared to the vehicle groups (P < 0.05), were identified and designated as the AAs to use to further explore the synergism of YQJD. The result of a PCA showed that the combination of these three drugs exhibits the strongest synergistic effect compared to other combination groups and that ginsenosides might play a pivotal role, especially when combined with jasminoidin. We successfully explored the synergetic mechanism of multi-component and provided a new method for evaluating the integrated effects of combination drugs in the treatment of complex diseases.

Identification of aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and study of their cardiac effects / 药学学报

In order to affirm the cardioactive components in Fuzi, we identified a group of aminoalcohol- diterpenoid alkaloids in Fuzi using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UPLC-ESI-MS) method. Among a total of forty-one isolated ingredients, thirteen major aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids were identified by comparing their retention times and MS spectra with those of the reference substances. Moreover, Fuzi samples from different places of origin and with different processing methods were examined and their components displayed a pattern of high similarity, though the relative abundance varies probably due to their different processing methods. Furthermore, the cardiac effect of each identified alkaloid was individually evaluated using the isolated bullfrog heart perfusion experiment. Among the thirteen aminoalcohol diterpenoid alkaloids tested, six of them significantly enhanced the amplitude rates. Taken together, we affirm that the cardioactive components in Fuzi are aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids, shedding light on future studies of the mechanisms and development of these cardioactive compounds.

DNA barcoding research and its application on medicinal plants of Bletilla H. G. Reichenbach / 药学学报

To identify adulterants from medicinal plants of Bletilla H. G. Reichenbach, the suitable candidate DNA barcoding of Bletilla was evaluated. In this study, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, the LFY homologous gene intron 2 and chloroplast ycfl gene were amplified and sequenced from forty-one samples. The intra-specific and inter-specific divergences of Bletilla were calculated, and the identification efficiency was assessed using Barcoding Gap, NJ tree by K2P distance and BLAST1 method. The result showed the intra-specific divergence of nrDNA ITS and ycJfl (0.022-0.106 and 0.017-0.106) were obviously higher than the inter-specific divergence (0-0.012 and 0-0.015), and four species of Bletilla were also accurately distinguished in NJ trees. Whereas, there was no Barcoding Gap on LFY homologous gene intron 2, thus it cannot effectively identify species of Bletilla. Using NJ tree of nrDNA ITS and ycfl gene, powdery medicine and the adulterants of Bletilla were successfully unidentified. In conclusion, nrDNA ITS and ycfl can be used as a potential DNA barcoding to identify the medicinal plants in Bletilla and its adulterants. There were only three basic differences on nrDNA ITS between "Jujing baiji" and Bletilla striata of Lu'an in Anhui province, and two basic differences in ycfl. Based on morphological and molecular data, "Jujing baiji" could be recognized as the species of Bletilla striata.

Hyaluronan-cisplatin conjugate nanoparticles embedded in Eudragit S100-coated pectin/alginate microbeads for colon drug delivery.

Hyaluronan-cisplatin conjugate nanoparticles (HCNPs) were chosen as colon-targeting drug-delivery carriers due to the observation that a variety of malignant tumors overexpress hyaluronan receptors. HCNPs were prepared by mixing cisplatin with a hyaluronan solution, followed by dialysis to remove trace elements. The cells treated with HCNPs showed significantly lower viability than those treated with cisplatin alone. HCNPs were entrapped in Eudragit S100-coated pectinate/alginate microbeads (PAMs) by using an electrospray method and a polyelectrolyte multilayer-coating technique in aqueous solution. The release profile of HCNPs from Eudragit S100-coated HCNP-PAMs was pH-dependent. The percentage of 24-hour drug release was approximately 25.1% and 39.7% in pH 1.2 and pH 4.5 media, respectively. However, the percentage of drug released quickly rose to 75.6% at pH 7.4. Moreover, the result of an in vivo nephrotoxicity study demonstrated that Eudragit S100-coated HCNP-PAMs treatment could mitigate the nephrotoxicity that resulted from cisplatin. From these results, it can be concluded that Eudragit S100-coated HCNP-PAMs are promising carriers for colon-specific drug delivery.

[Content comparison of main chemical compositions in Gardenia jasminoids roasted with ginger juice].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the contents of the main chemical compositions in Gardenia jasminoids before and after being roasted with ginger juice. METHOD: Four diterpenoid pigments constituents (C-1, C-2, C-3, crocetin) were determined simultaneously by UPLC on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column at 35 degrees C with the methanol-0.5% formic acid anhydrous in gradient elution as the mobile phrase. The detection wavelength was set at 440 nm and the flow rate was 0.4 mL x min(-1). Two iridoids constituents (G-1, G-2) were determined simultaneously by HPLC on an Agilent TC-C18(2) column at 35 degrees C with acetonitrile-0.5% formic acid anhydrous (18:82) as the mobile phrase. The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). RESULT: After being processed with ginger juice, the contents of the diterpenoid pigments constituents decreased slightly and the contents of the iridoids constituents increased slightly. CONCLUSION: The contents of the main chemical compositions in G. jasminoids roasted with ginger juice increased slightly with some regularity, but there were no significant differences.

Development of pH-sensitive pectinate/alginate microspheres for colon drug delivery.

The purposes of this study were to develop and evaluate calcium pectinate/alginate microspheres (PAMs) and to exploit their pH-sensitive properties for colon-targeted delivery of encapsulated cisplatin. PAMs were prepared using an electrospraying method. The PAMs, as cores, were then coated with Eudragit S100 using a polyelectrolyte multilayer coating technique in aqueous solution. The morphology of the microspheres was observed under scanning electron microscopy. In vitro drug release studies were performed in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the results indicated that approximately 5 % of the cisplatin was released from the Eudragit S100-coated PAMs, and 51 % of the cisplatin was released from the uncoated PAMs at 1 h. The release of cisplatin from the Eudragit S100-coated PAMs was more sustained in simulated gastric fluid than in simulated intestinal fluid due to the increased solubility of the coating polymer in media with pH >7.0. Drug release from the Eudragit S100-coated PAMs was best described by the Higuchi's square root model. From these results, it was concluded that Eudragit S100-coated PAMs are a potential carrier for delivery of cisplatin to the colon.

Controlled study of ultrasound-guided acupotomy on spinal and articular diseases / 中国针灸

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>OBJECTIVEL to study the visualization of acupotomy therapy and to summarize differences of interventional ultrasound combined with acupotomy on spinal and articular diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With randomized block design, 20 cases of shoulder periarthritis, 20 cases of knee arthritis, 20 cases of lumbar disc herniation and 20 cases of cervical disc herniation were divided into an ultrasound-guided group and regular group, 10 cases of each diseas in each group. The ultrasound-guided acupotomy and regular acupotomy were given for one time, respectively. Efficacy was observed after one week. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and fuction score were applied for efficacy assessment, including Wang's funtion evaluation table for cervical disc herniation, modified lumbago assessment by Japanese Orthopaedic Association for lumbar disc herniation, modified lumbago assessment arthritis and CMC shoulder funtion scale for shoulder periarthritis. The changes of scores of patients in two groups were observed before and after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Each disease in each group achieved favorable efficacy; compared before and after treatment, differences of VAS and each function score all were statistically significant (allP<0.01). The efficacy of lumbar disc herniation and cerical disc herniation in two groups was not obviously different (both P>0.01). The efficacy of lumbar disc herniation and cervical disc herniation in two groups was not obviously different (bothP>0.05), while VAS and fuction scores improvements of shoulder periarthritis and knee +/-5.75 vs 75.72+/-8.56; knee arthritis: 90.40+/-7.35 vs 75.54+/-9.21, both P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Whether ultrasound guidance is applied during acupotomy therapy made no obvious influence on efficacy of lumbar disc herniation and cervical disc herniation, but for shoulder periarthritis and knee arthritis better results could be acchieved with ultrasound guidance.</p>

Controlled research on multiple sclerosis treated with electroacupuncture and acupoint injection / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy of multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with electroacupuncture and acupoint injection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The block randomization method was used to divide 40 cases into an electroacupuncture (EA) group and an EA + acupoint injection (AI) group, 20 cases in each one. In the EA group, EA was used at corresponding Jiaji (EX-B 2), Weizhong (BL 40), Chengshan (BL 57), etc. In the EA + AI group, on the basis of EA, the acupoint injection of mouse nerve growth factor was supplemented. The activity of daily life (ADL) and expanded disability status score (EDSS) were observed in the two groups before and after treatment for the evaluation of the efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The efficacy was achieved on MS after treatment in both groups (P < 0.01). After treatment, the scores of EDSS and Barthel index were (3.01 +/- 1.31) and (83.11 +/- 8.45) in the EA + AI group, which were better than those of (4.23 +/- 1.21) and (75.25 +/- 6.25) in the EA group (both P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA and AI co-act on reducing disability and improving the life quality in the treatment of MS and have achieved coordinately the significant effects.</p>

Sequence analysis of LEAFY homologous gene from Dendrobium moniliforme and application for identification of medicinal Dendrobium / 药学学报

The LEAFY (LFY) homologous gene of Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. was cloned by new primers which were designed based on the conservative region of known sequences of orchid LEAFY gene. Partial LFY homologous gene was cloned by common PCR, then we got the complete LFY homologous gene Den LFY by Tail-PCR. The complete sequence of DenLFY gene was 3 575 bp which contained three exons and two introns. Using BLAST method, comparison analysis among the exon of LFY homologous gene indicted that the DenLFY gene had high identity with orchids LFY homologous, including the related fragment of PhalLFY (84%) in Phalaenopsis hybrid cultivar, LFY homologous gene in Oncidium (90%) and in other orchid (over 80%). Using MP analysis, Dendrobium is found to be the sister to Oncidium and Phalaenopsis. Homologous analysis demonstrated that the C-terminal amino acids were highly conserved. When the exons and introns were separately considered, exons and the sequence of amino acid were good markers for the function research of DenLFY gene. The second intron can be used in authentication research of Dendrobium based on the length polymorphism between Dendrobium moniliforme and Dendrobium officinale.