In Situ Sprayed Biotherapeutic Gel Containing Stable Microbial Communities for Efficient Anti-Infection Treatment.

Systematic administration of antibiotics to treat infections often leads to the rapid evolution and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, an in situ-formed biotherapeutic gel that controls multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and accelerates wound healing is reported. This biotherapeutic gel is constructed by incorporating stable microbial communities (kombucha) capable of producing antimicrobial substances and organic acids into thermosensitive Pluronic F127 (polyethylene-polypropylene glycol) solutions. Furthermore, it is found that the stable microbial communities-based biotherapeutic gel possesses a broad antimicrobial spectrum and strong antibacterial effects in diverse pathogenic bacteria-derived xenograft infection models, as well as in patient-derived multidrug-resistant bacterial xenograft infection models. The biotherapeutic gel system considerably outperforms the commercial broad-spectrum antibacterial gel (0.1% polyaminopropyl biguanide) in pathogen removal and infected wound healing. Collectively, this biotherapeutic strategy of exploiting stable symbiotic consortiums to repel pathogens provides a paradigm for developing efficient antibacterial biomaterials and overcomes the failure of antibiotics to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

Harnessing in situ glutathione for effective ROS generation and tumor suppression via nanohybrid-mediated catabolism dynamic therapy.

The overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in cancer cells has long been regarded as the primary obstacle for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-involved anti-tumor therapies. To solve this issue, a ferric ion and selenite-codoped calcium phosphate (Fe/Se-CaP) nanohybrid here is fabricated to catabolize endogenous GSH, instead of directly deleting it, to trigger a ROS storm for tumor suppression. The selenite component in Fe/Se-CaP can catabolize GSH to superoxide anion (O2•-) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) via cascade catalytic reactions, elevating oxidative stress while destroying antioxidant system. The doped Fe can further catalyze the soaring hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) originated from O2•- to •OH via Fenton reactions. Collectively, Fe/Se-CaP mediated self-augmented catabolism dynamic therapy finally induces apoptosis of cancer cells owing to the significant rise of ROS and, combined with CaP adjuvant, evokes adaptive immune responses to suppress tumor progression, providing an innovative train of thought for ROS-involved anti-tumor therapies.