Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 antigens produced in transgenic lettuce effective as an oral vaccine in mice.

KEY MESSAGE: Transgene with recombination sites to address biosafety concerns engineered into lettuce to produce EspB and γ-intimin C280 for oral vaccination against EHEC O157:H7. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a food-borne pathogen where ruminant farm animals, mainly bovine, serve as reservoirs. Bovine vaccination has been used to prevent disease outbreaks, and the current method relies on vaccines subcutaneously injected three times per year. Since EHEC O157:H7 colonizes mucosal surfaces, an oral vaccine that produces an IgA response could be more convenient. Here, we report on oral vaccination against EHEC O157:H7 in mice orally gavaged with transgenic lettuce that produces EHEC O157:H7 antigens EspB and γ-intimin C280. Younger leaves accumulated a higher concentration of antigens; and in unexpanded leaves of 30-day-old T2 plants, EspB and γ-intimin C280 were up to 32 and 51 µg/g fresh weight, respectively. Mice orally gavaged with lettuce powders containing < 3 µg antigens for 6 days showed a mucosal immune response with reduced colonization of EHEC O157:H7. This suggests that the transgenic lettuce has potential to be used for bovine vaccination. To promote the biosafety of crop plants producing medically relevant proteins, recombination sites were built into our transgenic lines that would permit optional marker removal by Cre-lox recombination, as well as transgene deletion in pollen by CinH-RS2 recombination. The ability to upgrade the transgenic lettuce by stacking additional antigen genes or replacing older genes with newer versions would also be possible through the combined use of Bxb-att and Cre-lox recombination systems.

Genus Gelsemium and its Endophytic Fungi - Comprehensive Review of their Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology.

BACKGROUND: The use of ethnic medicinal plants has revitalized wide popularity in Africa, Asia, and most of the world because of the energy consumption barriers increase of synthetic drugs. Gelsemium is a traditional genus of plants with famous cultural and medicinal significance in Southeast Asia and North America. Three species are reported from the genus Gelsemium, including Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Camp.) Benth., Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J.St.-Hil., and Gelsemium rankinii Small. Among them, G. elegans is well known for its toxicity and is used as a traditional remedy for skin problems, neuralgia, fractures, and cancer. The first record of the toxic medicine G. elegans is the Chinese herbal medicine classically known as Shen-Nong Ben-Cao Jing. In the legend, the Shennong emperor was poisoned by G. elegans, hence, it is also wellknown as Duan Chang Cao in China. In addition, G. sempervirens tincture is also used in the treatment of inflammation of the spinalcolumn, and diminishes blood to the cerebrospinal centers. INTRODUCTION: This review aims to provide up-to-date information on Gelsemium and its endophytic fungi on their traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Mechanism studies regarding the detoxification profile of Gelsemium are also reviewed. METHODS: For this updated review, the literature survey and search were performed on the scientific databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, China CNKI, Web of Science, SciFinder, and Google Scholar using the relevant keywords. RESULTS: The plants of the genus Gelsemium are all reported as rich sources of monoterpene indole alkaloids. Previous phytochemical studies published more than 200 alkaloids from Gelsemium and its endophytic fungi, which have attracted considerable attention from pharmaceutists and phytochemists due to their diverse and complex structures. The bioactivities of Gelsemium phytoconstituents studied using various chemical methods are summarized and described herein. Considering the huge influence of Gelsemium regarding its traditional applications, the activities of isolated compounds were focused on the anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antianxiety, immunostimulatory, and immunosuppressive properties, which provide evidence supporting the ethnopharmacological effectiveness of the genus Gelsemium. Unlike all previous reviews of genus Gelsemium, to the best of our knowledge, the recently reported natural products from its endophytic fungi are first time summarized in this review. CONCLUSION: It is clearly suggested from the literature information that the structures and biological activities of Gelsemium have a wide range of attraction from folk to the community of scholars. However, as a highly toxic genus, the work on the detoxification mechanism and toxicology of Gelsemium is urgently needed before entering clinical research. It is noteworthy that the discussion about the relationship between structural and biological activities are a valuable topic of expectation, while the structural modification for active or toxic components may shed light on toxicological breakthrough. Besides the compounds from the plants of genus Gelsemium, the recently reported natural products from its endophytic fungi may provide a supplement for its ethnomedicinal uses and ethnological validity.

Structural Elucidation and Cytotoxic Activity of New Monoterpenoid Indoles from Gelsemium elegans.

Two new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, gelselegandines F (1) and G (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Gelsemium elegans. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic techniques and quantum chemical calculations. The ECD calculations were conducted at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level and NMR calculations were carried out using the Gauge-Including Atomic Orbitals (GIAO) method. Structurally, the two new compounds possessed rare, cage-like, monoterpenoid indole skeletons. All isolated compounds and the total alkaloids extract were tested for cytotoxicity against four different tumor cell lines. The total alkaloids extract of G. elegans exhibited significant antitumor activity with IC50 values ranging from 32.63 to 82.24 ug/mL. In order to discover anticancer leads from the active extraction, both new indole compounds (1-2) were then screened for cytotoxicity. Interestingly, compound 2 showed moderate cytotoxicity against K562 leukemia cells with an IC50 value of 57.02 uM.

Effect of staging treatment of / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effect of @*METHODS@#A total of 74 patients with RIF of thin endometrium type undergoing freeze-thaw embryo transfer were randomly divided into an observation group (37 cases) and a control group (37 cases). The patients in the control group were treated with freeze-thaw embryo transfer in hormone replacement cycle, and the estradiol valerate tablets were taken orally from the fifth day of menstruation, 2 mg per day. On the basis of the control group, the observation group was additionally treated with @*RESULTS@#The clinical pregnancy rate was 37.8% (14/37) in the observation group, which was higher than 16.2% (6/37) in the control group (@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of conventional medication,

Clinical observation of deep electroacupuncture at Baliao points for female stress urinary incontinence / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of deep electroacupuncture (EA) at Baliao points in treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: A total of 60 female patients with SUI were divided into two groups according to the order of consultation, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with pelvic floor muscle training. The treatment group was treated with deep EA at Baliao points [Shangliao (BL 31), Ciliao (BL 32), Zhongliao (BL 33) and Xialiao (BL 34)]. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3％ in the treatment group, versus 33.3％ in the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICIQ-SF) and the volume of urinary leakage in both groups were lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the ICIQ-SF score and the volume of urinary leakage in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Deep EA at Baliao points with long needles can improve the clinical symptoms in female patients with SUI, and it has a better curative effect than pelvic floor muscle training.

[Taurine affects expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 by p38 pathway in hypoxic endothelial cells].

To investigate the effect of taurine(Tau) on ICAM-1, VCAM-1 by p-p38 pathway in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells(PAECs) and explore its mechanism of action. Generation 4-12 cells in primary cultures of PAECs were used in experiments and divided into five groups： control group, hypoxia(hyp) group, inhibitor(SB203580) group, treatment(Tau) group, and treatment+inhibitor(SB+Tau) group. The concentration of Tau：100 mmol•L⁻¹; p38 inhibitor SB203580： 20 µmol•L⁻¹; and the treatment time was 12 h. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of Tau on PAECs. Western blot and Real-time PCR method were used to detect the p38 pathway proteins and ICAM-1, VCAM-1 expression levels. Immunofluorescence was used to investigate p38 nuclear displacement situation. The results of MTT showed that the inhibitory effect was gradually increased with increasing concentrations of Tau. Western blot and RT-PCR revealed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 were reduced by Tau. Western blot and immunofluorescence showed Tau can inhibit p38 activation. Tau may decrease the expression levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in endothelial cells induced by hypoxia through MAPK p38 pathway.

Sinomenine attenuates airway inflammation and remodeling in a mouse model of asthma.

Asthma is an inflammatory disease that involves airway inflammation and remodeling. Sinomenine (SIN) has been demonstrated to have immunosuppressive and anti­inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of SIN on airway inflammation and remodeling in an asthma mouse model and observe the effects of SIN on the transforming growth factor­ß1 (TGF­ß1)/connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) pathway and oxidative stress. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized by repetitive ovalbumin (OVA) challenge for 6 weeks in order to develop a mouse model of asthma. OVA­sensitized animals received SIN (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (2 mg/kg). A blank control group received saline only. The area of smooth muscle and collagen, levels of mucus secretion and inflammatory cell infiltration were evaluated 24 h subsequent to the final OVA challenge. mRNA and protein levels of TGF­ß1 and CTGF were determined by reverse transcription­quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistology, respectively. The indicators of oxidative stress were detected by spectrophotometry. SIN significantly reduced allergen­induced increases in smooth muscle thickness, mucous gland hypertrophy, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition and eosinophilic inflammation. The levels of TGF­ß1 and CTGF mRNA and protein were significantly reduced in the lungs of mice treated with SIN. Additionally, the total antioxidant capacity was increased in lungs following treatment with SIN. The malondialdehyde content and myeloperoxidase activities in the lungs from OVA­sensitized mice were significantly inhibited by SIN. In conclusion, SIN may inhibit airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma mouse models, and may have therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of asthma.

Alkaloids from Xylariaceae sp., a marine-derived fungus.

A new pyridine derivative, 5-(2'-hydroxypropyl)pyridin-3-ol (1), with seven known alkaloids, 3-hydroxy-5-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-7-one (2), penicillenol A1 (3), penicillenol A2 (4), a mixture of quinolactacin AI (5a) and quinolactacin A2 (5b), and a mixture of quinolactacin C1 (6a) and quinolactacin C2 (6b), were isolated from the culture broth of a marine-derived fungus Xylariaceae sp. SCSGAF0086. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Compound 2 showed weak antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, and a mixture of 6a and 6b exhibited strong antifouling activity toward Bugula neritina larval settlement.

Analysis of clinical features of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms and syndromes of 220 patients with chronic aplastic anemia / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome types of chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) patients and the distribution laws of typical CM symptoms in different genders.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2002 to June 2012, 220 CAA outpatients/inpatients at Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical Hospital were recruited. Patients' symptoms and signs, as well as four diagnostic information at the first onset were collected. CM syndrome differentiation was performed. The syndrome types and typical symptoms were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) In the 220 CAA patients, there were 121 cases of Shen yang deficiency syndrome (55.0%), 18 of Shen yin deficiency syndrome type (8.18%), 81 cases of Shen yin-yang deficiency syndrome (36.82%). (2) The distribution of typical symptoms: fatigue and shortness of breath (77.12% males and 73.53% females), pale complexion (64.41% males and 57.84% females), low temperature of four limbs (12.71% males and 26.47% females), spontaneous perspiration and night sweating (32.20% males and 26.47% females), dry mouth and throat (6.78% males and 6.86% females), feverish feelings in palms and soles (14.41% males and 20.59% females), loose stool (6.78% males and 2.94% females), petechiae and ecchymosis (42.37% males and 43.14% females).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Shen yang deficiency syndrome was most often seen in CAA patients at the initial diagnosis, followed by Shen yin-yang deficiency syndrome. Shen yin deficiency syndrome was the least seen. In CM symptoms, fatigue and shortness of breath were most common seen, followed by pale complexion, skin petechia and ecchymosis.</p>

[Efficacy of compound xuanju capsule combined with bromocriptine on hyperprolactinemia-induced erectile dysfunction].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Compound Xuanju Capsule (CXC) combined with bromocriptine on hyperprolactinemia-induced erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS: We randomly assigned 46 patients with hyperprolactinemia-induced ED to receive bromocriptine (trial group, n = 23) and bromocriptine plus CXC (control group, n = 23), respectively, both for 12 weeks. Then we compared the two groups of patients in erectile function and the levels of serum prolactin and testosterone. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, the IIEF-5 scores were significantly improved in both the trial and the control groups as compared with the baseline (19.5 +/- 4.1 vs 13.0 +/- 3.8 and 16.4 +/- 3.7 vs 13.7 +/- 3.5, P<0.05), the level of serum prolactin was remarkably decreased ([156.07 +/- 26.31] vs [478.35 +/- 62.28] mIU/L and [164.73 +/- 28.58] vs [445.26 +/- 57.83] mIU/L, P<0.05), while the level of serum testosterone was markedly increased ([15.34 +/- 5.27] vs [3.80 +/- 1.09] nmol/L and [12.02 +/- 2.36] vs [4.07 +/- 1.25] nmol/L, P<0.05). Post-treatment erectile function was significantly better in the trial than in the control group (P<0.05), and the post-treatment serum testosterone level remarkably higher in the former than in the latter (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the serum prolactin level after treatment between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of Compound Xuanju Capsule and bromocriptine is highly effective in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia-induced ED, and its effect is even better than that of bromocriptine alone.

Effects of Hedyotis diffusa Willd injection on the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the inhibition of Hedyotis diffusa Willd Injection (HDI) on the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells and its mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The inhibition of HDI on the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells was detected by MTT and the drug concentrations for further researches were screened out. The apoptosis rate was detected using Annexin V-PI of flow cytometry. The cell cycle distribution was detected by PI. The expressions of adhesion molecule FITC-CD44 and PE-CD49d were detected. The IL-6 and VEGF concentrations of cell supernatants were tested by ELISA. The mRNA expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Survivin, IL-6, and VEGF were detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HDI could inhibit the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells. Meanwhile, it induced their early apoptosis, arresting them at G1 phase in a concentration-dependent manner. The VEGF concentrations were down-regulated after acted by 0, 20, 40, and 60 microL/mL HDI in a dose-dependent manner (P< 0.01). The IL-6 content increased (P<0.01). The expressions of CD44 and CD49d were up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner. After acted by 40 microL/mL HDI, the Survivin mRNA level was significantly downregulated (P<0.01), the mRNA levels of Bcl-2, IL-6, and VEGF were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01), but the up-regulation of Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA levels were not so obvious (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HDI could inhibit the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells. Its mechanisms might be correlated with early apoptosis induction, G1 phase arresting, VEGF secretion lowering, and Survivin mRNA transcription level down-regulating.</p>

Efficacy of compound xuanju capsule combined with bromocriptine on hyperprolactinemia-induced erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Compound Xuanju Capsule (CXC) combined with bromocriptine on hyperprolactinemia-induced erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We randomly assigned 46 patients with hyperprolactinemia-induced ED to receive bromocriptine (trial group, n = 23) and bromocriptine plus CXC (control group, n = 23), respectively, both for 12 weeks. Then we compared the two groups of patients in erectile function and the levels of serum prolactin and testosterone.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 weeks of treatment, the IIEF-5 scores were significantly improved in both the trial and the control groups as compared with the baseline (19.5 +/- 4.1 vs 13.0 +/- 3.8 and 16.4 +/- 3.7 vs 13.7 +/- 3.5, P<0.05), the level of serum prolactin was remarkably decreased ([156.07 +/- 26.31] vs [478.35 +/- 62.28] mIU/L and [164.73 +/- 28.58] vs [445.26 +/- 57.83] mIU/L, P<0.05), while the level of serum testosterone was markedly increased ([15.34 +/- 5.27] vs [3.80 +/- 1.09] nmol/L and [12.02 +/- 2.36] vs [4.07 +/- 1.25] nmol/L, P<0.05). Post-treatment erectile function was significantly better in the trial than in the control group (P<0.05), and the post-treatment serum testosterone level remarkably higher in the former than in the latter (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the serum prolactin level after treatment between the two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of Compound Xuanju Capsule and bromocriptine is highly effective in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia-induced ED, and its effect is even better than that of bromocriptine alone.</p>

Biography of the outstanding acupuncturist DU Xiao-shan / 中国针灸

Professor DU Xiao-shan 's academic thought and clinical experiences was introduced in this paper. He has noble medical ethics and is fair to the patients without distinction. He has great learning and rich practical experiences, and he specializes in all kinds of common diseases as well as many difficult and complicated cases. He never stops studying the ancients to make innovation and he creates the technique of the quick-puncture and slow-twist and DU's heat-reinforce method. He teaches to carry forward acupuncture and moxibustion and his achievements have become an important part of acupuncture and moxibustion science.

Facial nerve function index evaluation on deviation of the mouth in intractable facial palsy treated with sticking needle and traction method on three points of the mouth / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe into the effective acupuncture technique for deviation of the mouth in intractable facial palsy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and one cases of intractable facial palsy were randomly divided into an observation group (48 cases) and a control group (53 cases). Cuanzhu (BL 2), Sibai (ST 2), Jiache (ST 6) and Qianzheng (Extra) on the affected side were punctured in two groups. Additionally, three acupoints of the mouth were supplemented, named Dicang (ST 4), Kouheliao (LI 19) and Jiachengjiang (Extra) were added, and the sticking needle and traction method was adopted on them in observation group. the routine needling technique was applied in control group. The treatment was given once a day and 10-day treatment made one session. The changes in facial nerve function index (FNFI) were observed in 2 sessions of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, FNFI in two groups increased significantly (both P < 0.01), but the improvement in observation group was better than that in control group (P < 0.01). In observation group, the basic recovery rate of FNFI was 87.5% (42/48), which was higher than that (67.9%, 36/53) in control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sticking needle and traction method o three points is the quite effective approach in the treatment of deviation of the mouth in intractable facial palsy.</p>

Chemical constituents in herbs of Polygonum jucundum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents in herbs of Polygonum jucundum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The 85% ethanol extract was separated by means of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The compounds isolated from the plant were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eight compounds were isolated and identified as: quercetin-3'-O-beta-D-galactoside (1), 8-methoxyquercetin (2), pigenin (3), luteolin (4), quercetin (5), 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone (6), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (7), beta-sitosterol (8).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, compounds 5- 8 were isolated from the genus Polygonum for the first time.</p>

Treatment of severe aplastic anemia by immunosuppressor anti-lymphocyte globulin/anti-thymus globulin as the chief medicine in combination with Chinese drugs / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the therapeutic effect of combined therapy with Chinese drugs and immuno-suppressors, mainly anti-lymphocyte globulin/anti-thymus globulin (ALG/ATG), for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA), the efficacy associated factors and adverse effects as well.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 65 patients with SAA treated by combined therapy which was supplemented with cyclosporin A, androgen, hematopoietic growth factor, etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 57 patients followed-up, 26 (45.6%) were basically cured, 15 (26.3%) remitted, and 8 (14.0%) improved markedly, the total effective rate being 85.9%. By separately comparing with a single item of clinical data, it was shown that the therapeutic effectiveness was correlated, to a certain extent, with age, illness duration, neutrophil count, and bone marrow proliferation in patients before treatment, as well as with infection that occurred in the follow-up period. It was obviously higher in patients with peripheral neutrophil count > 0.5 x 10 10(9)/L (P<0.05). Various degrees of serum sickness-like reactions occurred in the treatment of 36 patients, including fever in 36 (63.2%), skin rash in 8 (14.0%), and musculoskeletal pain in 5 (8.8%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The therapeutic effect of combined therapy with Chinese drugs and ALG/ATG in treating SAA could be affirmed, showing some superiority as compared with Western medicine alone. The patients' age, duration of illness, neutrophil count, and bone marrow proliferation before treatment, and degree of infection that occurred could affect the therapeutic efficacy to a certain extent. Adverse reactions resulting from the combined therapy are less, showing the toxicity reducing and effect enhancing action of Chinese drugs.</p>

Determination of trace elements in 13 traditional Chinese medicines in medicated diet for diabetes mellitus by ICP-MS / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate six trace elements including Cr, Zn, Mn, Se, Cu and V of 13 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) commonly used in diet therapy of diabetes mellitus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The samples were prepared through digesting in a microwave oven and determined with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The correlative coefficients of the calibration curves were above 0.999. Standard addition recovery was 88.7% - 110.0% and RSD < or = 7.0%. Under the given analytical conditions, the results obtained showed that the contents of the six trace elements varied in these TCM samples, for element Cr, ranging between 0-11.82 microg x g(-1), Mn in 4.36-564.3 microg x g(-1), Cu in 0.55-13.34 microg x g(-1), Zn in 3.19-86.23 microg x g(-1) Se in 0-0.39 microg x g(-1) and V in 0.05-12.04 microg x g(-1), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The possible relationship between the content of the six trace elements and 13 TCM samples for dietetic therapy of diabetes mellitus was also discussed.</p>

Effects of combined therapy of human leucocyte antigen haploidentical related bone marrow transplantation and Chinese medicine in treating leukaemia / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical related T-cell undepleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (Allo-BMT) combined with Chinese medicine for the treatment of leukaemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four patients with chronic myeloblastic leukemia (CML) and 4 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received allo-BMT with graft from 1 - 3 HLA-mismatched related donors. All patients were pre-treated with standardized conditioning regimen consisting of high dose Ara-c, cyclophosphamide (CY) and total body irradiation (TBI) or busulfan. Donors were given G-CSF 250 microg/d for 7 days prior to marrow harvest. To prevent GVHD, besides application of CSA and MTX, ATG 2.5 mg/kg was given everyday for 4 days before transplantation, and MMF 1.0 g per day starting from the 7th day after transplantation. Chinese medicine for replenishing qi and yin and strengthening Pi and Wei was administrated orally after transplantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Successful haematopoietic reconstruction was seen in all patients. The median days for reaching of granulocyte >0.5 X 10(9)/L and platelet > 20 x 10(9)/L were 12 (range 10-14) and 20 (range 18-25) days respectively. GVHD of skin in various grade was seen in 7 patients, among whom only one advanced to grade IV; besides, 2 accompanied with GVHD of gut, one with hemorrhagic cystitis, one died for concurrent infection on the 81st day, and one left hospital of his own accord on the 46th day. The median follow-up duration was 18 (range 2-32) months, during this period six patients were alive in a disease-free situation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined therapy of HLA haploidentical related T-cell undepleted Allo-BMT and Chinese medicine plus immunosuppressants with pre-harvest G-CSF application in doner could effectively reduce the incidence of acute severe GVHD and raise the disease-free survival rate in treating leukaemia.</p>

Effect of cyclic third components on non-deoxygenated RTP and their potential in developing optical thermometer.

Effect of five cyclic third components, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, perfluorocyclohexane, perfluoromethylcyclohexane and adamantane, on cyclodextrin-induced room-temperature phosphorescence (CD-RTP) of 1-bromonaphthalene is studied. It is found that these five compounds can induce intensive RTP, and the enhancement order is as follows: cyclohexane>adamantane>methylcyclohexane>perfluorocyclohexane>perfluoromethylcyclohexane. Dependence of RTP intensity on temperature of these systems shows the potential application in developing optical thermometer.