RESUMEN
This report describes the inhibition of the proteolytic activity of Haemonchus contortus lysate by a mixture of n-alkyl ferulates isolated from Maprounea guianensis. These compounds were evaluated in vitro for the ability to inhibit the H. contortus proteases using SDS-PAGE copolymerized with gelatine (zymography) and by assaying the hemoglobinolytic activity of these enzymes in solution. The ferulates abrogated the proteolysis compared to E-64, suggesting the activity is the result of a cysteine protease.
Asunto(s)
Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Euphorbiaceae/química , Haemonchus/enzimología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Inhibidores de Proteasas/química , Inhibidores de Proteasas/farmacología , Animales , Estructura Molecular , Extractos Vegetales/química , Tallos de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
This study evaluated the transference of maternal-specific antibodies against Haemonchus contortus and the humoral immune response of 32 goat kids to natural infection by the parasite, from birth to 5 months of age. All serum samples collected immediately after birth and before colostrum ingestion were negative for H. contortus antibodies, as demonstrated by ELISA. However, 30 and 60 days after colostrum and milk ingestion, antibody detection was positive and faecal egg count (FEC) was negative, suggesting the transference of humoral immunity by colostrum. All animals were FEC-negative for Strongylodea until four months of age, consistent with the stage of animal development where nourishment comes only from breastfeeding. Animals also presented a high serum IgA concentration, associated with lower levels of total IgG. This work demonstrated that passive humoral immunity against H. contortus in goat kids occurs via the colostrum and not by transplacental transference of antibodies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Cabras/inmunología , Hemoncosis/veterinaria , Haemonchus/inmunología , Inmunidad Materno-Adquirida , Factores de Edad , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos/sangre , Calostro/inmunología , Femenino , Enfermedades de las Cabras/parasitología , Cabras , Hemoncosis/inmunología , Hemoncosis/parasitología , Inmunidad Humoral , Inmunoglobulina A/sangre , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Masculino , Leche/inmunología , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos , EmbarazoRESUMEN
This study evaluated the effects of homeopathic treatment on control of Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep. Twenty lambs were randomized to three treatments: treated with the homeopathic medicines, Ferrum phosphoricum, Arsenicum album and Calcarea carbonica; treated with a conventional antihelminthic, doramectin, and an untreated control group. Fecal and blood samples were taken from each animal on days 18, 38 and 68 after start of treatment. A significant reduction in number of H. contortus larvae (p<0.01) was observed for animals in the homeopathic treatment group compared to the control group. Fecal egg counts showed negative correlation between haematocrit and haemoglobin concentrations in the homeopathic treatment group (p<0.01); however, the biochemical and immunological parameters showed better correlation, indicating that the homeopathic medicine improved vital functions. Daily weight gain in the homeopathic treatment group was superior to the control and to the antihelminthic groups, 31 and 6.5%, respectively. The cost benefit analysis confirmed that homeopathy group increases economic trend when compared with the other groups.