Effect of herbal medicine compound promotes beta cell function among type 2 diabetes (T2D) adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Herbal medicine as complementary ways are needed for patients who refuse to take medicine for life. Early intervention and lifestyle could delay the time of taking drugs. Objective: To assess the efficacy of XiaokeGranules vs Sitagliptin in patients who diagnosed T2D. Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind trial. T2D patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to Xiaoke Granules and Sitagliptin(50 mg), an anti-diabetic medicine group, for 12 weeks. Before randomization, the consenting participants were subjected to 2 weeks of screening, followed by twelve weeks of intervention. The primary outcome was change from baseline in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) calculation at 12 week. Results: We recruited 103 patients, 84 patients participated in the clinical trial and finally 79 patients finished., the least square mean change in HbA1c and HOMA-IR from baseline was similar in both groups, in which HbA1c (6.93 ± 0.76, P = 0.007) and 2hPG (10.87 ± 2.20, P = 0.016) for the Control group, and HbA1c (6.76 ± 0.67, P < 0.001) and 2hPG (10.52 ± 2.46, P = 0.019). Conclusions: This study revealed that the herbal medicine Xiaoke Granules provides effective glycaemic control with similar safety and immunogenicity profile to Sitagliptin among T2D patients treated for 12 weeks. This study strongly suggests further studies and utilization of Xiaoke Granules usage for controlling hyperglycemia among T2D patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials: ChiCTR1900026782.

Analysis of Prescription Medication Rules of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Diabetes Treatment Based on Data Mining.

In this study, we have used TCM medical record management platform and SAS statistical software to analyze the cases of a professor in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, in order to explore the medication rules for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, so as to enrich and optimize the diagnosis and treatment plan for type 2 diabetes based on the experience of famous doctors. Chinese medicine treatment provides more diagnosis and treatment ideas. We have collected the professor's treatment of type 2 diabetes, screened out 100 patients, from a total of 285 prescriptions, and entered them into the TCM medical record management platform. We used the TCM medical record management platform and SAS statistical software to analyze his professor's experience in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The medication analysis is as follows: (1) frequency of medication: 285 cases that met the inclusion criteria used a total of 187 traditional Chinese medicines. Among them, Salvia miltiorrhiza was used most frequently; (2) drug frequency analysis: 285 cases met the inclusion criteria, and the four Qi were mainly cold and warm medicines. The five flavors are mainly sweet, bitter, and pungent drugs. The main meridians are the liver, spleen, and kidney; (3) drug efficacy and classification analysis: 285 cases met the inclusion criteria, and 285 cases met the inclusion criteria and the Chinese medicines involved are the most common medicines used for tonic, heat clearing, blood circulation, and stasis; (4) clustering of medications: 35 Chinese medicines with medication frequency ≥20% are divided into 11 categories. (5) Using the improved Apriori algorithm, the minimum confidence level is selected to be 0.5, data mining is conducted on all type 2 diabetes cases, and a total of 21 recipes are dug out involving 10 Chinese medicines. In this study, with the aid of the TCM medical record management platform and SAS statistical software, cluster analysis, improved Apriori algorithm, and other data mining methods were used to systematically and objectively analyze the professor's treatment of type 2 diabetes cases. The results have clinical significance and can be used for traditional Chinese medicine treatment of type 2 diabetes, which provides an objective basis and provides a certain reference for the current inheritance of traditional Chinese medical experience and summary research.

Norditerpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum and Delphinium: structural relevance in medicine, toxicology, and metabolism.

Covering: 77 A.D. up to 2020Norditerpenoid alkaloids (NDA), typically N-ethylpiperidine containing C19 or C18 natural product diterpenes, are hexacycles with several contiguous often oxygenated stereocentres. As a function of their structural complexity, they display important pharmacological activities. The processed plants are used as important folk drugs and four NDAs have now been clinically approved. Many metabolism studies on Aconitum alkaloids have been reported as the understanding of their biotransformation in living systems and in cell-free systems is important for the development of these alkaloids as drugs. This Highlight sets out the missing links in NDA biosynthesis, their biological applications, SAR, toxicity, metabolism, and analytical studies.

[Characteristics of acupuncture in Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases)].

Through summarization and analysis on etiology, pathology and acupoint selection in chapters about acupuncture in Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases), written by ZHANG Zhong-jing, famous physician of the Eastern Han Dynasty, five features of acupuncture in the book are concluded: to cut off the pathway of pathogenic factors to prevent progress of diseases; to adopt both acupuncture and herbal medicine to give full play to their respective advantages in treatment; to distinguish pathogenesis carefully and select the proper acupoints; to observe the progressing tendency of diseases to give treatment accordingly; and to understand that yang channels are appropriate for acupuncture, while yin channels can also be selected in treatment. In this way, the law of acupuncture of ZHANG Zhong-jing is expected to be better understood.