Process-based modeling for ecosystem service provisioning: Non-linear responses to restoration efforts in a quarry lake under climate change.

Healthy freshwater ecosystems can provide vital ecosystem services (ESs), and this capacity may be hampered due to water quality deterioration and climate change. In the currently available ES modeling tools, ecosystem processes are either absent or oversimplified, hindering the evaluation of impacts of restoration measures on ES provisioning. In this study, we propose an ES modeling tool that integrates lake physics, ecology and service provisioning into a holistic modeling framework. We applied this model to a Dutch quarry lake, to evaluate how nine ESs respond to technological-based (phosphorus (P) reduction) and nature-based measures (wetland restoration). As climate change might be affecting the future effectiveness of restoration efforts, we also studied the climate change impacts on the outcome of restoration measures and provisioning of ESs, using climate scenarios for the Netherlands in 2050. Our results indicate that both phosphorus reduction and wetland restoration mitigated eutrophication symptoms, resulting in increased oxygen concentrations and water transparency, and decreased phytoplankton biomass. Delivery of most ESs was improved, including swimming, P retention, and macrophyte habitat, whereas the ES provisioning that required a more productive system was impaired (sport fishing and bird watching). However, our modeling results suggested hampered effectiveness of restoration measures upon exposure to future climate conditions, which may require intensification of restoration efforts in the future to meet restoration targets. Importantly, ESs provisioning showed non-linear responses to increasing intensity of restoration measures, indicating that effectiveness of restoration measures does not necessarily increase proportionally. In conclusion, the ecosystem service modeling framework proposed in this study, provides a holistic evaluation of lake restoration measures on ecosystem services provisioning, and can contribute to development of climate-robust management strategies.

Mupirocin enhances the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis in an atlE-dependent manner.

The pathogenicity of Staphylococcus epidermidis is largely attributed to its exceptional ability to form biofilms. Here, we report that mupirocin, an antimicrobial agent widely used for staphylococcal decolonization and anti-infection, strongly stimulates the biofilm formation of S. epidermidis. Although the polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) production was unaffected, mupirocin significantly facilitated extracellular DNA (eDNA) release by accelerating autolysis, thereby positively triggering cell surface attachment and intercellular agglomeration during biofilm development. Mechanistically, mupirocin regulated the expression of genes encoding for the autolysin AtlE as well as the programmed cell death system CidA-LrgAB. Critically, through gene knockout, we found out that deletion of atlE, but not cidA or lrgA, abolished the enhancement of biofilm formation and eDNA release in response to mupirocin treatment, indicating that atlE is required for this effect. In Triton X-100 induced autolysis assay, mupirocin treated atlE mutant displayed a slower autolysis rate compared with the wild-type strain and complementary strain. Therefore, we concluded that subinhibitory concentrations of mupirocin enhance the biofilm formation of S. epidermidis in an atlE dependent manner. This induction effect could conceivably be responsible for some of the more unfavourable outcomes of infectious diseases.

[Shrub layer structure and species diversity of warm temperate deciduous broadleaved forests of the Qinling Mountains Huangguan plot in China]. / ç§¦å²­çš‡å† æš–æ¸©å¸¦è½å¶é˜”å¶æž—çŒæœ¨å±‚ç»“æž„ä¸Žç‰©ç§å¤šæ ·æ€§.

Shrub is an important part of forest ecosystem. Exploring the species composition, structure and spatial distribution of shrub layer can lay an important foundation for further clarifying the mechanisms underlying species coexistence, biodiversity maintenance and community succession. In this study, species composition, spatial distribution, and species diversity of shrub layer were analyzed in 25 hm2 of Huangguan forest plot. A total of 20716 individual shrubs (with 10463 branches) were recorded in the plot, belonging to 54 species, 45 genera, 28 families. The status of dominant species in the shrub layer was not obvious, with all the importance values being less than 10. The diameter structure of shrub layer vegetation was inverted 'J' type. Shrubs showed aggregated distribution in the plot, with obvious altitude differences in spatial distribution. The diameter structure and spatial distribution of the nine shrub species with the largest abundance in the plot were consistent with the overall situation of shrub layer. With increasing altitude, the Shannon diversity index (H) and Simpson dominance index (D) did not change significantly, while the Pielou evenness index (E) decreased. Those indices decreased with the increases of the abundance of dominant species in tree layer, and E increased with the increase of the number of dominant species in sub-tree layer. The indices of H, D, E were significantly negatively correlated with soil total phosphorus (TP). The H index was significantly positively correlated with soil pH, and the E index was significantly positively correlated with soil total potassium. The shrub layer was rich in species, stable in community structure and well regenerated. The species diversity of shrub layer was mainly affected by the number of dominant species in the tree layer, soil pH, and TP.

The role of organic nutrients in structuring freshwater phytoplankton communities in a rapidly changing world.

Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are critical macroelements in freshwater systems. Historically, researchers and managers have focused on inorganic forms, based on the premise that the organic pool was not available for direct uptake by phytoplankton. We now know that phytoplankton can tap the organic nutrient pool through a number of mechanisms including direct uptake, enzymatic hydrolysis, mixotrophy, and through symbiotic relationships with microbial communities. In this review, we explore these mechanisms considering current and projected future anthropogenically-driven changes to freshwater systems. In particular, we focus on how naturally- and anthropogenically- derived organic nutrients can influence phytoplankton community structure. We also synthesize knowledge gaps regarding phytoplankton physiology and the potential challenges of nutrient management in an organically dynamic and anthropogenically modified world. Our review provides a basis for exploring these topics and suggests several avenues for future work on the relation between organic nutrients and eutrophication and their ecological implications in freshwater systems.

Towards climate-robust water quality management: Testing the efficacy of different eutrophication control measures during a heatwave in an urban canal.

Harmful algal blooms are symptomatic of eutrophication and lead to deterioration of water quality and ecosystem services. Extreme climatic events could enhance eutrophication resulting in more severe nuisance algal blooms, while they also may hamper current restoration efforts aimed to reduce nutrient loads. Evaluation of restoration measures on their efficacy under climate change is essential for effective water management. We conducted a two-month mesocosm experiment in a hypertrophic urban canal focussing on the reduction of sediment phosphorus (P)-release. We tested the efficacy of four interventions, measuring phytoplankton biomass, nutrients in water and sediment. The measures included sediment dredging, water column aeration and application of P-sorbents (lanthanum-modified bentonite - Phoslock® and iron-lime sludge, a by-product from drinking water production). An extreme heatwave (with the highest daily maximum air temperature up to 40.7 °C) was recorded in the middle of our experiment. This extreme heatwave was used for the evaluation of heatwave-induced impacts. Dredging and lanthanum modified bentonite exhibited the largest efficacy in reducing phytoplankton and cyanobacteria biomass and improving water clarity, followed by iron-lime sludge, whereas aeration did not show an effect. The heatwave negatively impacted all four measures, with increased nutrient releases and consequently increased phytoplankton biomass and decreased water clarity compared to the pre-heatwave phase. We propose a conceptual model suggesting that the heatwave locks nutrients within the biological P loop, which is the exchange between labile P and organic P, while the P fraction in the chemical P loop will be decreased. As a consequence, the efficacy of chemical agents targeting P-reduction by chemical binding will be hampered by heatwaves. Our study indicates that current restoration measures might be challenged in a future with more frequent and intense heatwaves.

Genistein exhibits therapeutic potential for PCOS mice via the ER-Nrf2-Foxo1-ROS pathway.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age and the main cause of female infertility, but there is no universal drug for PCOS therapy. As a predominant dietary isoflavone present in soybeans, genistein (GEN) possesses estrogenic and antioxidative properties, but limited information is available regarding its therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism in PCOS. In this study, we found that GEN might restore the estrous cycle of PCOS mice and ameliorate the elevation of circulating T, AMH and LH levels as well as LH/FSH ratios along with reduced cystic follicles, indicating the importance of GEN in PCOS therapy. Meanwhile, GEN improved the ovarian secretion function of PCOS mice and attenuated oxidative damage of the ovary through enhancing its antioxidant capability dependent on ER. Supplementation of GEN improved the defect of the ATP level and mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating the significance of GEN in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Further analysis demonstrated that GEN via ER heightened the expression of Nrf2 and Foxo1 whose blockage antagonized the defence of GEN on the secretory and mitochondrial functions of ovarian granulosa cells followed by the limited antioxidant capability and increased intracellular ROS level. Moreover, nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of Nrf2 presented a notable enhancement after exposure to GEN. Addition of the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 hampered the GEN induction of Foxo1. Nrf2 might directly bind to the antioxidant response element of the Foxo1 promoter region. Collectively, GEN might exhibit therapeutic potential for PCOS mice via the ER-Nrf2-Foxo1-ROS pathway.

Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19: An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version).

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.

Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version)

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID19 patients

Genistein protects ovarian granulosa cells from oxidative stress via cAMP-PKA signaling.

Genistein is an isoflavone that has estrogen (E2 )-like activity and is beneficial for follicular development, but little is known regarding its function in oxidative stress (OS)-mediated granulosa cell (GC) injury. Here, we found that after exposure to H2 O2 , Genistein weakened the elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), which were regarded as the biomarkers for OS, and rescued glutathione (GSH) content and GSH/GSSG ratio accompanying with a simultaneous increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, whereas addition of protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89 impeded the effects of Genistein on the levels of ROS and MDA. Further analysis evidenced that Genistein enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in H2 O2 -treated GCs, but this enhancement was attenuated by H89. Under OS, Genistein improved cell viability and lessened the apoptotic rate of GCs along with a reduction in the activity of Casp3 and levels of Bax and Bad messenger RNA (mRNA), while H89 reversed the above effects. Moreover, Genistein treatment caused an obvious elevation in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) followed by a decline in the levels of intracellular mitochondrial superoxide, but H89 inhibited the regulation of Genistein on MMP and mitochondrial superoxide. Supplementation of Genistein promoted the secretion of E2 and increased the expression of Star and Cyp19a1 mRNA, whereas suppressed the level of progesterone (P4 ) accompanied with a decline in the level of Hsd3b1 mRNA expression. H89 blocked the regulation of Genistein on the secretion of E2 and P4 , and alleviated the ascending of Star and Cyp19a1 elicited by Genistein. Collectively, Genistein protects GCs from OS via cAMP-PKA signaling.

[Where will Chinese medicine disease names go?].

The statistical survey of "Clinical Articles", one column of Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (24 volumes in total) showed that, of the 151 academic exploration on diseases, Western disease (WM) names were used in 145 articles, constituting 96.03% of the entire column. Obviously, Chinese medicine (CM) disease names were not basically used by CM physicians. Taking Chinese Internal Medicine (2nd edition), a national textbook for students in CM universities, as an example, we could find that the use of disease names was in a chaos logically, disease, syndrome, and symptom were not used clearly. In the general knowledge part, when mentioning a disease, the book sometimes used "disease", sometimes "disease-syndrome". In the classified parts, some diseases were simply named as "A or B syndrome", and when talking about a specific disease, it referred to the symptom-based disease as a kind of "disease-syndrome". Throughout the whole book, the disease names named after symptoms or heavily colored by symptoms amounted to 31, accounting for 59.6% of the listed 52 common diseases. In clinical practices, using CM disease names ran the risk of making wrong diagnosis or failing to diagnose patients in time, and therefore, leading to improper treatment or loss of treatment time. For critical diseases, these names can't reveal the serious situations and help to get rid of possible dangers. For chronic diseases, using these names can't lead to early recognition and prevention of diseases. Considering that CM disease names can't go with clinical practices, and lag behind the development of integrative medicine, the author suggested that we should borrow as many WM disease names as possible in CM, because when compared with CM, WM has a much clearer and more objective knowledge of the location, cause, mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. The classification and naming of diseases in WM is the result of negotiation of WHO and its member countries (including China), and therefore, more generally accepted. How to do that? We should start from the present clinical practice, refer to the tradition, face the future, and work hard. Borrowing WM disease names is of great significance. It will help to bring the theory of Zang-Fu organs back to its origin, clinically help to deepen the combination of disease and syndrome, disease and formula, promote the objectification and micronization of syndrome differentiation in CM, and possibly bring about new theories of CM which will in return promote clinical development. CM will be able to occupy an important position in the field of world medicine and make its own contributions to the health of the global population.

Where will Chinese medicine disease names go? / 中国中西医结合杂志

The statistical survey of "Clinical Articles", one column of Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (24 volumes in total) showed that, of the 151 academic exploration on diseases, Western disease (WM) names were used in 145 articles, constituting 96.03% of the entire column. Obviously, Chinese medicine (CM) disease names were not basically used by CM physicians. Taking Chinese Internal Medicine (2nd edition), a national textbook for students in CM universities, as an example, we could find that the use of disease names was in a chaos logically, disease, syndrome, and symptom were not used clearly. In the general knowledge part, when mentioning a disease, the book sometimes used "disease", sometimes "disease-syndrome". In the classified parts, some diseases were simply named as "A or B syndrome", and when talking about a specific disease, it referred to the symptom-based disease as a kind of "disease-syndrome". Throughout the whole book, the disease names named after symptoms or heavily colored by symptoms amounted to 31, accounting for 59.6% of the listed 52 common diseases. In clinical practices, using CM disease names ran the risk of making wrong diagnosis or failing to diagnose patients in time, and therefore, leading to improper treatment or loss of treatment time. For critical diseases, these names can't reveal the serious situations and help to get rid of possible dangers. For chronic diseases, using these names can't lead to early recognition and prevention of diseases. Considering that CM disease names can't go with clinical practices, and lag behind the development of integrative medicine, the author suggested that we should borrow as many WM disease names as possible in CM, because when compared with CM, WM has a much clearer and more objective knowledge of the location, cause, mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. The classification and naming of diseases in WM is the result of negotiation of WHO and its member countries (including China), and therefore, more generally accepted. How to do that? We should start from the present clinical practice, refer to the tradition, face the future, and work hard. Borrowing WM disease names is of great significance. It will help to bring the theory of Zang-Fu organs back to its origin, clinically help to deepen the combination of disease and syndrome, disease and formula, promote the objectification and micronization of syndrome differentiation in CM, and possibly bring about new theories of CM which will in return promote clinical development. CM will be able to occupy an important position in the field of world medicine and make its own contributions to the health of the global population.

Glycyrrhetinic acid protects mice from Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.

In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) against Staphylococcus aureus, and its influence on the production of S. aureus alpha-haemolysin (Hla) were investigated, along with the in vivo activity of GA against S. aureus-induced pneumonia. GA could not inhibit the growth of S. aureus, but the secretion of Hla by S. aureus was significantly inhibited by low concentrations of GA in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in vivo data show that GA provides protection against staphylococcal pneumonia in a murine model system.

[Construction of genetic linkage map of Bupleurum chinense DC. using ISSR and SSR markers].

Molecular genetic map is a fundamental organizational tool for genomic research. However, a genetic linkage map for Bupleurum chinense DC. has not been developed. In this study, with the theory of pseudo-testcross, 96 F1 plants from an intraspecific cross of B. chinense were used as mapping populations. Twenty eight ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) primers and 44 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers were used to detect the polymorphisms between the parental plants, and of them, 28 ISSRs and 14 SSRs were selected to analyze the F1 populations. The map consisted of 13 linkage groups which included 80 (72 ISSRs and 8 SSRs) loci, and covered 2 633.9 cM with an average density of 33.4 cM. All 13 linkage groups consisted of 2-31 loci ranging in length from 15.4-1295.7 cM. This map will provide a basis for studies on gene mapping, map-based cloning and maker-assisted selection of important traits in B. chinense.

[Initial exploration on the new thought for diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus by integrative Chinese and Western medicine].

The pathological changes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) could involve multiple organs and systems, showing a complicated and multivariate clinical features. Since the authors held that the previous clinical disease-syndrome integrative thought can not embody the regularity in the diagnosis and treatment of SLE, in order to establish a novel operable thought of syndrome differentiation which could reflect the clinical practice of SLE, they suggested, in accordance with their clinical experience, that the basis for integration of the disease and its syndromes should not be SLE itself but the clinical manifestations of the organs and systems, such as fever, nervous system injury, lupus kidney, thrombocytopenic purpura of SLE, etc. They claimed that the new clinical thought of diagnosis and treatment will contribute to conduct systematic and standard research on SLE, and the regulation of TCM therapy based on syndrome differentiation would be more closer to the clinical practice of SLE.

[Qi as a materialist concept on the level of medical philosophy].

This paper has made a distinction between the materialist concept of qi on the medical philosophical level and its substantial existence, and illustrated the materiality and multiplicity of qi. Materiality refers to the objective reality, a summation of various things or phenomena related to human beings; while multiplicity refers to diversity of specific substances, each holding its individual essence. Based on two essential conceptions "xiang" and "xiangji", and combining the theories of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, this paper has also made a preliminary study on the substantial existence of qi at macro- and micro-levels, and on physiological (normal) and pathological (abnormal) aspects. It is the author's argument that studies of the substantial existence of qi from different aspects, micro-dimension in particular, will push the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine to a more subtle sphere.

[Studies on the chemical constituents in vine stem of Bauhinia championii (I)].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Bauhinia championii. METHOD: Compounds were isolated from the ethanolic extract of B. championii by silica gel column Chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectral analyses. RESULT: Five compounds were isolated and elucidated as 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol 1-O-beta-D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside (1), (+/-)-lyoniresinol (2), daucosterol (3), beta-sitosterol (4) and gallic acid (5). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-4 were isolated from B. championii for the first time.

[Pondering acupuncture treatment on anxiety disorders].

Review of papers about acupuncture treatment on anxiety disorders since 1996 showed that many papers were mainly concerned with the treatment of anxiety disorders and obsession with electroacupuncture therapy. Baihui, Yintang, Shenmen, Dazhui, Taiyang, etc, were the most commonly involved acupoints. This paper argues that more emphasis should be transferred from "heart" to "brain", and correspondingly, should be put on acupoints at the head, the DU meridian and acupoints nearby in terms of the position of treatment, on scalp acupuncture and acupoint injection in terms of the methods of treatment, on the combination of diagnosis by western medicine and syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine in terms of treating strategy. As to the research method, evidence-based medicine, and multicenter, large sample randomized controlled trial study on anxiety disorders should be made.

Two new bicoumarins from Trifolium repens L.

Two new bicoumarins, named repensin A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from Trifolium repens. On the basis of spectral data, the structures of 1 and 2 have been established as 7-methoxy-7',8'-dihydroxy-8,6'-bicoumarinyl and 7,5'-dihydroxy-3,6'-bicoumarinyl, respectively.

Clinical study on 52 patients of post-stroke depressive disorder treated with traditional and western medicine / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of integrated traditional and western medicine in the treatment of post stroke depressive disorder (PSDD). MethodsThe data of 52 patients of PSDD evaluated on self rating depression scale(SDS) before and after treatment were analyzed statistically. ResultsThe curing rate of PSDD is about 78.85%.There was an apparent decrease in the level of SDS before and after treatment(P<0.001). ConclusionsThe treatment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine can produce a good effect on PSDD.