Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on bone metabolism in patients with immobilisation after foot and ankle fracture surgery: a randomised controlled trial study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Fracture is a disease with a high incidence worldwide. Foot and ankle fractures are common among fractures of the lower extremities. Foot and ankle fractures usually require surgical fixation and a period of fixed treatment, which can lead to decreased bone density. Although transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is widely used for movement system diseases, there is minimal evidence to show the effectiveness of TEAS on patients after surgical fixation of ankle and foot fractures. This trial aims to evaluate whether TEAS can reduce bone loss in patients with immobilisation after ankle and foot fractures. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in which 60 patients will be randomly divided into two groups: (a) the control group will be treated according to the routine procedures of basic orthopaedics treatment; (b) in the treatment group, bilateral SP36, BL23 and ST36 will be performed on the basis of the control group, and the test will be performed for 30 min every other day for a total of 8 weeks. Bone turnover markers will be used as primary outcome. Secondary outcomes are composed of blood phosphorus, blood calcium and bone mineral density. Treatment safety will be monitored and recorded. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This trial is approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (2020BZYLL0611) and the Ethics Committee of Beijing Luhe Hospital (2020-LHKY-055-02), and inpatients who meet the following diagnostic and inclusion criteria are eligible to participate in this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR 2000039944.

Development of a novel method for hot-pressure extraction of protein from chicken bone and the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the extracts.

To investigate the hot-pressure extraction of protein from chicken bone (CB), chicken bone extracts (CBE) was prepared from CB by heating at 130±0.5 °C for 120 min, followed by filtration, standing, defatting, and concentration. Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on the properties of hydrolysates were examined. Results showed CBE contained 25.59% of protein, and showed a desirable value of protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score for adult. The total amino acid (AA) content of CBE is 21.99%, among which 40.62% and 54.66% are essential and fresh AA, respectively. Forty kinds of volatile compounds were identified after 24 h of hydrolysis, with 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine as the key flavor compound. After 8 h of hydrolysis of CBE, the content of small MW of peptides (400-1000 Da) increased by 74 times compared with that of 1 h. CBE and its hydrolysates demonstrate a new kind of potential suitable nutritional supplement in various foods.

Retrieving novel C5aR antagonists using a hybrid ligand-based virtual screening protocol based on SVM classification and pharmacophore models.

C5aR antagonists have been thought as potential immune mediators in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and discovery of C5aR antagonists has attracted much attention in recent years. The discovery of C5aR antagonists was usually achieved through high-throughput screening, which usually suffered a high cost and a low success rate. Currently, the fast developing computer-aided virtual screening (VS) methods provide economic and rapid approaches to the lead discovery. In this account, we proposed a hybrid ligand-based VS protocol that is based on support vector machine (SVM) classification and pharmacophore models for retrieving novel C5aR antagonists. Performance evaluation of this hybrid VS protocol in virtual screening against a large independent test set, T-CHEM, showed that the hybrid VS approach significantly increased the hit rate and enrichment factor compared with the individual SVM classification model-based VS and pharmacophore model-based VS, as well as molecular docking-based VS in that the receptor structure was created by homology modeling. The hybrid VS approach was then used to screen several large chemical libraries including PubChem, Specs, and Enamine. Finally, a total of 20 compounds were selected from the top ranking hits, and shifted to the subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies, which results will be reported in the near future.

[Study on the identification of radix scutellariae and extract using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional IR correlation spectroscopy].

2D-IR correlation spectroscopy was used to do the research on crude and prepared drug of radix scutellariae and the extracts of them. The results show that the holistic shape of peaks among them are similar in the FTIR spectra. In second derivative spectra, the two absorption peaks: 1,745 and 1,411 cm(-1) of processed products move to the bigger wavenumber direction, while 1,357 cm(-1) of processed products moves to the smaller wavenumber direction; There are conspicuous differences in Two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy among them: Four characteristic peaks are shown between 1,300 and 1,800 cm(-1). The intensity of peak at 1,575 cm(-1) is the strongest. There are three main districts about the autopeaks of sliced scutellariae. Wine-fried scutellariae has two auto-peak districts, in which all the auto-peaks are positively correlated. The FTIR spectra of total glycoside extract of different samples present characteristic peaks at 1,615, 1,585, 1,450 cm(-1) (vibration of phenyl framework) and 1,658 cm(-1) (=C-O ) respectively, therefore, the authors speculated that their mutual component is the compound of phenolic glycoside. The two-dimensional infrared correlation spectra present five automatic peaks (vibration of phenyl framework) in 800-1,800 cm(-1) (1,366, 1,420, 1,508, 1,585, 1,669 cm(-1)). So the authors can conclude that a lot of information can be provided by macro-fingerprint technology of infrared spectroscopy which can evaluate overall quality of radix scutellariae accurately and be used to study the characteristics of relevance of crude and prepared scutellariae.

[Effect of intracoronary injection with xuesaitong in treating post-PCI slow-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect and safety of Xuesaitong (XST, a Panax Notoginseng extract preparation) via intracoronary injection for treating post-PCI slow-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and its impact on patients' prognosis. METHODS: Thirty-nine STEMI patients who suffered from post-PCI slow-reflow after received percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or stenting were assigned to two groups, 20 patients in the treated group and 19 in the control group. Intracoronary administering of 10 mL (0.5 mg) tirofiban and 400 mg XST were given to the treated group through guiding catheter, and followed with 36 h continuous intravenous dripping of tirofiban 10 mL/h and 400 mg XST in 250 mL of saline for dripping, while to the control group, the same intracoronary administering and intravenous dripping of tirofiban but without XST was given. The treatment was implemented for two days. Patients' coronary flow was assessed by the TIMI frame count method (TFC) at 1 min, 5 min and 10 min after injection; and the changes of ST-segment in 2 h, and incidence of bleeding in 48 h after medication were recorded. All patients were followed-up for 6 months to observe the incidence of cardiovascular events. RESULTS: Before the medication, the TIMI flow grade and the TFC in the treated group and the control group showed insignificantly statistical difference between groups (P > 0.05). After medication, 11 patients (55%) in the treated group and 8 patients (42%) in the control group with their blood flow reaching TIMI grade 3; the TFC decreased at 1, 5 and 10 min to 57.6 +/- 12.6, 46.1 +/- 9.3, 49.8 +/- 10.9 in the treated group and to 69.3 +/- 16.1, 61.2 +/- 15.3, 63.7 +/- 18.3 in the control group; and the 2 h ST segment fallback in them was 1.85 +/- 0.31 mm and 1.40 +/- 0.21 mm respectively, showing that the coronary blood flow in both groups were improved significantly after medication but the improvement in the former was better than in the latter group (P < 0.05). No case of death occurred in the hospitalization period. Results of 6-month follow-up study showed that the incidence of major adverse cardiac events, including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure and cardiac death, was 33% in treated group and 44% in the control group, showing insignificant difference between groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Concomitant coronary injection with tirofiban and XST is more effective than that with tirofiban alone in improving the coronary blood flow and shows no increasing on the incidence of hemorrhagic complication.

[Quantitative analysis of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps sinensis and its substitutes with LC-MS-MS].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a LC-MS-MS method for determination of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps sinensis and it's substitutes. METHOD: The sawple was extracted with. 90% methanol. Multi-reactions monitoring (MRM) technique was adopted. RESULT: The regression equations and coefficients were Y = 89.04X + 506.85 (r = 0.999 7) for adenosine, Y = 99.66X + 1 251.34 (r = 0.998 8) for cordycepin respectively. The linear range was 5.0-1 000.0 microg x L(-1) for adenosine and cordycepin. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0. 44 microg x L(-1) for adenosine and 0.31 microg x L(-1) for cordycepin, respectively. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin were 98.1% and 97.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method was highly sensitive, selective and fast, which can be used for the determination of adenosine and cordycepin in C. sinensis and it's substitutes. This method can also be applied for the quality control of the medicinal materials.