Dichapetalin-type triterpenoids from Dichapetalum longipetalum and their anti-inflammatory activity.

A phytochemical research on the twigs of Dichapetalum longipetalum (Turcz.) Engl. Resulted in five undescribed dichapetalin-type triterpenoids 1-5. Their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis of HR-ESIMS and NMR spectra and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was completely elucidated by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Through preliminary anti-inflammatory activity assessment, compound 1 exhibited inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 murine macrophages with an IC50 value of 2.09 µM.

Walnut green husk extract enhances the effect of chlorine dioxide on kernel quality and antioxidant properties of fresh-eating walnuts during their shelf life.

Fresh-eating walnuts are perishable and become mildewed during shelf life, limiting their sales span. The effects of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) alone and its combination with walnut green husk extract (WGHE) on shelf stored fresh walnuts were investigated to develop a pollution-free preservative for the produce. The initial development of mildew incidence was delayed by both treatments under 25 °C, whereas, WGHE + ClO2 acted more effectively than ClO2 under 5 °C. The WGHE + ClO2 treatment presented superior effects on improving moisture, soluble sugar and total phenol content, alleviating loss of oil and unsaturated fatty acid and delaying peroxide value increase of walnut kernels at both temperatures. Both treatments inhibited the activities of three lipolytic enzymes and two oxidases at 25 °C and 5 °C, WGHE + ClO2 acted more effectively at 5 °C. The results guide the combined application of WGHE with ClO2 on shelf preservation of fresh walnut.

Nine new dichapetalin-type triterpenoids from the twigs of Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb.) Engl.

Nine previously undescribed dichapetalin-type triterpenoids (1-9), along with 12 reported compounds (10-21), were isolated from the twigs of Dichapetalum gelonioides. Their chemical structures were mainly elucidated by comprehensive analysis of HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was further determined based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, a part of compounds were evaluated the effects of inhibitory NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.

Eucalyptal A inhibits glioma by rectifying oncogenic splicing of MYO1B mRNA via suppressing SRSF1 expression.

Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor, in which glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and lethal. However, the current chemotherapy drugs are still unsatisfactory for GBM therapy. As the natural products mainly extracted from Eucalyptus species, phloroglucinol-terpene adducts have the potential to be anti-cancer lead compounds that attracted increasing attention. In order to discover the new lead compounds with the anti-GBM ability, we isolated Eucalyptal A with a phloroglucinol-terpene skeleton from the fruit of E. globulus and investigated its anti-GBM activity in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, we verified that Eucalyptal A could inhibit the proliferation, growth and invasiveness of GBM cells in vitro. Moreover, Eucalyptal A had the same anti-GBM activity in tumor-bearing mice as in vitro and prolonged the overall survival time by maintaining mice body weight. Further mechanism research revealed that Eucalyptal A downregulated SRSF1 expression and rectified SRSF1-guided abnormal alternative splicing of MYO1B mRNA, which led to anti-GBM activity through the PDK1/AKT/c-Myc and PAK/Cofilin axes. Taken together, we identified Eucalyptal A as an important anti-GBM lead compound, which represents a novel direction for glioma therapy.

Evaluation of combined effects of brain electronic biofeedback training and psycho-behavior intervention in ADHD affected children.

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to explore the potential effects of brain electronic biofeedback training in combination with psycho-behavior intervention during non-medical treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: The children with ADHD admitted to our department from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected as the study subjects. All the cases met the standard of Chinese classification of mental disorders criterion and were divided into two groups, the control group and the observation group, with 15 cases in each group. Medical treatment and brain electronic biofeedback training were provided for the children in the control group; while medical treatment and brain electronic biofeedback training in combination with psycho-behavior intervention were provided to children in the observation group. For both groups, one course lasted for three months, after which questionnaires were distribute in order to evaluate the application effects. RESULTS: The symptoms of the children in the two groups were improved after the treatment. However, the improvement in observation group was significantly higher that of the children in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Brain electronic biofeedback training in combination with psycho-behavior intervention is significantly better treatment option for children affected with ADHD.