[Clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness"].

This study summarizes the clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness". According to the pathological characteristics of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm dampness and internal obstruction in snoring patients, combined with the etiology, pathogenesis and location of the disease, the innovative viewpoint of "disharmony qi leads to restlessness" is proposed. It is believed that the key to snoring treatment lies in "regulating qi ". In clinical practice, acupuncture can directly regulate the qi of the disease's location, regulate the qi of the organs and viscera, and regulate the qi of the meridians to achieve overall regulation of the body's internal and external qi, smooth circulation of qi and blood, and ultimately achieve the therapeutic goal of harmonizing qi, stopping snoring, and improving sleep quality.

Extraction, Characterization, and In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activity of a Neutral Polysaccharide from the New Medicinal Mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis (Agaricomycetes).

Polysaccharides serve as promising ingredients for health-beneficial functional foods, while there were no investigations into the structural characterizations and bioactivities of an edible mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis. In the study, crude polysaccharides from this mushroom were extracted by hot water and isolated by ethanol precipitation. Then, a neutral polysaccharide (named CY-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharide by deproteinization with Sevag reagent, decolorization with a kind of macroporous adsorption resin SP-825, DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography and dialysis. The physicochemical properties of CY-1 were characterized by UV, IR, SEM, NMR, and HPLC analyses. Structural characterizations revealed that CY-1 is a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.06 × 104 Da. CY-1 exhibited a honeycomb structure with an irregular branching shape, and it was composed of mannose, glucose, fucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid, with molar fractions of 54.83%, 25.11%, 10.28% 4.53%, 2.12%, 1.64%, 0.83%, and 0.64%, respectively. In vitro hypoglycemic tests showed that CY-1 had an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase. In addition, CY-1 of 160 µg/mL promoted glucose consumption in normal HepG2 cells. These results suggested that CY-1 may be a potential hypoglycemic agent.

20(S)-protopanaxatriol inhibited D-galactose-induced brain aging in mice via promoting mitochondrial autophagy flow.

Previous reports have confirmed that saponins (ginsenosides) derived from Panax ginseng. C. A. Meyer exerted obvious memory-enhancing and antiaging effects, and the simpler the structure of ginsenosides, the better the biological activity. In this work, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and underlying molecular mechanism of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT), the aglycone of panaxatriol-type ginsenosides, by establishing D-galactose (D-gal)-induced subacute brain aging model in mice. The results showed that PPT treatment (10 and 20 mg/kg) for 4 weeks could significantly restore the D-gal (800 mg/kg for 8 weeks)-induced impaired memory function, choline dysfunction, and redox system imbalance in mice. Meanwhile, PPT also significantly reduced the histopathological changes caused by D-gal exposure. Moreover, PPT could increase TFEB/LAMP2 protein expression to promote mitochondrial autophagic flow. Importantly, the results from molecular docking showed that PPT had good binding ability with LAMP2 and TFEB, suggesting that TFEB/LAMP2 might play an important role in PPT to alleviate D-gal-caused brain aging.

Effects of Dietary Riboflavin Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Body Composition and Anti-Oxidative Capacity of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Post-Smolts.

The present study investigated the effects of dietary riboflavin on growth performance, body composition and anti-oxidative capacity of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) post-smolts. Seven experimental diets were formulated with graded riboflavin levels of 0.00, 3.96, 8.07, 16.11, 31.81, 63.67 and 126.69 mg/kg, respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 10 fish with an individually initial mean body weight of 186.22 ± 0.41 g in 21 cages (water volume, 1000-L/cage) and fed three times daily (7:30, 12:30 and 17:30) to apparent satiation for 12 weeks. Fish fed a diet with 31.81 mg/kg riboflavin had the highest specific growth rate (SGR), which was significantly higher than fish-fed diets with 0.00, 3.96, 8.07 and 126.69 mg/kg riboflavin (p < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio showed an inverse trend with SGR. No significant differences were observed in condition factor, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, muscle moisture, crude protein and ash contents among dietary groups. Muscle lipid had the highest content in the 31.81 mg/kg group and was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in the 0.00, 3.96 and 8.07 mg/kg groups. The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehyde contents in the liver and serum of fish were significantly decreased with the increase in dietary riboflavin level up to 31.81 mg/kg, and then increased as dietary riboflavin level further increased. An inverse trend was observed for total superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased with the dietary of riboflavin levels up to 31.81 and 63.67 mg/kg, respectively. The cubic curve regression analysis based on SGR indicated that the optimum dietary riboflavin level was estimated to be 35.26 mg/kg for coho salmon post-smolts.

Kuanxiong Aerosol () in Treatment of Angina Pectoris: A Literature Review and Network Pharmacology.

Angina pectoris (AP) is the most common symptom of cardiovascular diseases, which seriously affects the quality of life in cardiovascular patients. Kuanxiong (KX) Aerosol (), a compound preparation that consists of 5 traditional Chinese medicines: Herba Asari , Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, Lignum Santali Albi, Fructus Piperis Longi, and Borneolum, has been used in the treatment of AP for many years, exhibiting a significant curative effect and less side-effect. For the convenience and comprehensive understanding of KX Aerosol, this review systematically summarizes evidence on KX Aerosol in the treatment of AP including the pharmacological effects of its composition, clinical research, animal experiments, and network pharmacology prediction. Meanwhile, we highlight the research limitation of KX Aerosol at present. This review may guide the clinical application of KX Aerosol and further provide a reference for the research of AP.

[Studies on coumarins from fruit of Cnidium monnieri and their cytotoxic activities].

This study is to study is to investigate the coumarins from Fruit of Cnidium monnieri and their cytotoxic activities. The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytoxic activities by MTT method. Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as osthole (1), bergaptan (2), xanthotoxol (3), xanthotoxin (4), imperatorin (5), isopimpinellin (6), osthenol (7), psoralen (8), 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (9), oxypeucedaninhydrate (10), and swietenocoumarin F (11). Compounds 7, 9-11 were isolated from the Cnidium genus for the first time. Compounds 1,5,10 and 11 showed significant cytotoxic activities against L1210 cell lines at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) with inhibitory rates of were 70.13, 63.10, 55.77, and 75.08% respectively.