RESUMEN
This review is aimed at presenting relevant information on the therapeutic potential of essential oil sesquiterpenes with anti-inflammatory activity. The data reviewed provide a basis for seeking new anti-inflammatory drugs from natural products that do not exhibit the undesirable side effects often displayed by anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review the experimental models, possible mechanisms of action, and chemical structures of 12 sesquiterpenes are presented.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites de Plantas/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Estructura Molecular , Sesquiterpenos/químicaRESUMEN
The treatment during the embryonic preimplantation phase of Wistar rats with the Pradosia huberi extract did not interfere with the water and feed consumption, as well as upon the body-weight gain. However, it has expressed a decrease of the uterine implant number, followed by the preimplantation losses at all applied doses (1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg), and the number of embryonic resorptions in the two highest doses (6.1 and 30.5 mg/kg). After the organ weighing (hypophysis, ovaries, and uterus), only the relative weight of the hypophysis was raised at the different doses (1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg). It was concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of Pradosia huberi compromises the reproductive ability during the embryonic preimplantation phase, suggesting a possible toxic effect upon the reproductive system of Wistar rats.
Asunto(s)
Blastocisto/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Sapotaceae/química , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Alimentaria/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Masculino , Exposición Materna , Embarazo , Preñez , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Reproducción/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The acute treatment of mice with an ethanolic extract from the seed pod of Dioclea grandiflora (EDgP) at doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg by intraperitoneal administration produced a significant antinociceptive effect as displayed by the acetic acid-induced writhing test and the formalin test. The antinociception was observed through the first (neurogenic pain) and second (inflammatory pain) phases in the formalin test. The hot plate test did not show an increase in the antinociceptive latency whereas the motor performance was affected by the administration at 300 mg/kg at the beginning (30 minutes) of the observation period but not at later periods (60 and 120 minutes). These results suggest that EDgP has a central antinociceptive action and a possible anti-inflammatory activity in mice.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos/farmacología , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Dioclea/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Desempeño Psicomotor/efectos de los fármacos , Analgésicos/toxicidad , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Formaldehído , Calor , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Masculino , Ratones , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Semillas/químicaRESUMEN
Many plant substances are known for their interference with the reproductive system. Mikania glomerata is a plant popularly used to treat respiratory diseases and is reported to have flavonoids and coumarin, which have been shown to have antifertility activity in male dogs and female rats, respectively. This work analyzes the effect of a high dose of M. glomerata extract administered during the spermatogenic cycle of rats. Adult Wistar rats were treated with 1 mL of a M. glomerata extract at a dose level of 3.3 g/kg of body weight for 52 days. Body and organ weights, sperm production, circulating testosterone level and food consumption were evaluated. The results showed that the administration of the M. glomerata extract during the rat spermatogenic cycle did not significantly alter the body and organ weights nor did it interfere with gamete production, serum testosterone level or food intake.