RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a set of serious organic manifestations caused by an infection, whose progression culminates in exacerbated inflammation and oxidative stress, poor prognosis, and high hospital costs. Antioxidants used against sepsis have been evaluated, including essential oils such as ß-caryophyllene (BCP), and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the association of these two compounds. RESULTS: Treatment with BCP-DHA, at a dose of 200 µL/animal, significantly inhibited the migration of neutrophils in a Cg-induced peritonitis model. After Staphylococcus aureus infection, in the groups treated with BCP-DHA there was a significant decrease in the total and differential count of leukocytes, increased expression of cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ in treated groups, an increase of IL-4 and IL-5 in B/D and B/D + SA groups, and an augmentation of IL-6 and IL-12 groups in B/D + SA groups. Histological and bacterial analysis revealed lower neutrophil migration and lower bacterial load in the infected and treated groups. CONCLUSION: In general, the BCP-DHA association presented anti-inflammatory activity against two different models of acute inflammation and infection, showing promising potential as a therapeutic adjuvant in sepsis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Docosahexaenoicos/administración & dosificación , Peritonitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Sepsis/tratamiento farmacológico , Sesquiterpenos/administración & dosificación , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/inmunología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Interleucina-12/genética , Interleucina-12/inmunología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Peritonitis/genética , Peritonitis/inmunología , Peritonitis/microbiología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Sepsis/genética , Sepsis/inmunología , Sepsis/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/genética , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/inmunología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Staphylococcus aureus/fisiología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/inmunologíaRESUMEN
This study proposes to implement an alternative and effective strategy for local treatment of disease provoked by S. aureus. For the analysis of possible anti-inflammatory activity of essential oil, after establishing an air pouch model, 48 male mice of Balb/c were treated, infected, and euthanized at 4 and 8 h. Thus, the total and differential white blood cells were counted in the animal's blood, and cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α were titrated using ELISA in the air pouch lavage. Moreover, TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6 gene expression was analyzed through an RT-qPCR array, and S. aureus was quantified using qPCR. Our results, p < 0.05, showed that EOC reduced the quantity of microorganisms. The group of mice treated with essential oil citral showed a significant decrease in TNF-α levels in tests demonstrating anti-inflammatory activity. There is no data about the mutual influence of the air pouch model, essential oil citral, and S. aureus. Thus, considering the interaction of these variables and the anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil citral, we demonstrated, by alternative local treatment, a new antimicrobial agent that is not an antibiotic.