[Precision medicine in oncology : where do we stand ?] / Médecine de précision en oncologie : où en sommes-nous ?

The «one size fits all¼ approach is seriously challenged by rapid progression of medical knowledge, especially in the field of individual genome expression. It is currently known that the anti-tumour effect of a given treatment and possible side effects at the level of healthy tissues, can at least partly be predicted and explained by individual variations of gene expression. However, most of us realize that these differences in response are also linked to a variety of other individual characteristics, such as for example the environment and socio-economic factors. Without any possible doubt, there are multiple problems (technical, administrative, financial, cultural and ethical) to be solved, before we witness the real irruption of precision medicine and its holistic individualized approach in our daily oncological practice. It has to start with an international effort, disregarding borders of individual countries, in order to obtain very large amounts of data (with a high degree of variability to avoid bias). This holistic approach, at both societal and individual levels, is the entrance door for a personalized approach in care, whether this is curative, predictive or preventive.

Le concept du traitement «taille unique¼ est sérieusement remis en question par la progression accélérée des connaissances du rôle prédictif du génome individuel, tant en matière de la réponse tumorale à un traitement, qu'en ce qui concerne l'apparition d'effets secondaires au niveau des tissus sains. Cette réponse au traitement ne dépend pas simplement de l'expression de quelques gènes, ni d'ailleurs du génome individuel entier. Elle est également influencée par une multitude d'autres facteurs, ce qui requiert une approche holistique prenant en compte, par exemple, l'environnement et les facteurs socio-économiques. Il y a indubitablement des problèmes techniques, administratifs, financiers, culturels et éthiques (protection de la vie privée) à surmonter avant que cette médecine de précision ne soit largement disponible en pratique oncologique journalière. Il faut surtout une collaboration allant largement au-delà des frontières géographiques d'un pays, afin d'assurer une manne suffisante et très variable de données, pour éliminer autant que possible les différents biais. Cette approche holistique, tant au niveau sociétal qu'individuel, ouvre la porte à la personnalisation des soins oncologiques dans le domaine curatif, prédictif et préventif.

[Impact of the use of Luminette® on well-being at work in a radiotherapy department]. / Impact de l'utilisation de la Luminette® sur le bien-être au travail dans un service de radiothérapie.

PURPOSE: Studies showed beneficial effect of light therapy on well-being at work. Our randomized cross-over study aimed at analyzing the effects of light exposition with the use of Luminette® in a hospital department without access to natural light. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study design proposed an alternation between two periods of four weeks of use of Luminette® and two periods of four weeks without Luminette®. After every period, participants completed questionnaires (sociodemographic data, seasonal and general depression, anxiety, quality of sleep, slumber and general health). RESULTS: Twenty-five persons participated in the study (average age=36.5, SD=7.7). The sample showed several benefits after one month of Luminette®: diurnal slumber (P=0.046), general health perception (P=0.026), physical functioning (P=0.042), pains (P=0.023) and role limitations due to emotional problems (P=0.013). One month later, certain benefits remained without light therapy: diurnal slumber (P=0.028), pains (P=0.044) and emotional problems (P=0.042). CONCLUSION: This study has showed that the use of Luminette® could lead to similar positive results to those obtained with light therapy in other studies. This study has confirmed that Luminette® could have a positive effect on well-being at work.

Small bowel protection with "STEP". Silastic tissue expander prosthesis.

This is a case report of a patient presenting with rectal carcinoma and Crohn's disease. Adjuvant treatment was considered to be mandatory on the basis of local extension. Therefore a Silastic Tissue Expander Prosthesis (STEP), connected with a subcutaneously located self-sealing valve system, was introduced surgically to push small bowel up out of the treatment portals. Patient received 55 Gy without any acute or late complication. This easy technique allows radiotherapy in conditions where complete elimination of small bowel outside the treatment volume is required.