Prevenção do suicídio: esquecimento do ser e era da técnica / Suicide prevention: forgetfulness of being and technical era / Prevención del suicidio: olvido del ser y la era de la técnica

Martin Heidegger, em sua ontologia, destaca uma característica específica da atualidade que atravessa o comportamento humano, na filosofia, na ciência ou no senso comum: o esquecimento do ser. O filósofo diferencia a época atual das demais épocas históricas. O horizonte histórico contemporâneo se desvela por meio do desafio e da exploração, da tentativa de controle e domínio dos acontecimentos, ao modo da disponibilidade e em função da produtividade. O filósofo esclarece que todo esse desenraizamento do homem atual está atrelado ao esquecimento daquilo que é o mais essencial, qual seja, a existência. A questão que norteia este estudo é apurar, por meio das referências de Heidegger e dos estudos sobre suicídio, o quanto a interpretação da morte voluntária nos dias atuais está atravessada por tal esquecimento. Pretendemos investigar o quanto as ações de prevenção desenvolvidas pela suicidologia se encontram atravessadas por tal esquecimento do ser do homem e, dessa forma, acabam por estabelecer relações entre ser e ente em uma consequente redução ao ente como invariante e atemporal. O caminho para investigar a questão iniciará por abordar, em maiores detalhes, a analítica existencial, a questão da técnica e o movimento de esquecimento do ser apontados por Heidegger a fim de problematizar as perspectivas científicas atuais sobre o suicídio em sua prevenção para, então, estabelecer uma compreensão fenomenológica e existencial sobre o referido fenômeno.(AU)

Martin Heidegger, in his ontology, highlights a specific characteristic of the present moment that crosses human behavior, in philosophy, science, or common sense: the forgetfulness of being. The philosopher differentiates the current age from other historical ages. The contemporary historical horizon is unveiled by the challenge and the exploration, from the attempt to control and dominate events, to the mode of standing reserve and in terms of productivity. The philosopher clarifies that all this uprooting of the current man is linked to the forgetfulness of what is the most essential, namely, the existence itself. The question that guides this study is to investigate, via Heidegger's references and studies on suicide, to what extent the interpretation of voluntary death today is crossed by such forgetfulness. We intend to investigate to what extent the prevention actions developed by suicidology are crossed by such forgetfulness of the human's being and, in this way, they end up establishing relationships between being and entity in a consequent reduction to entity as an invariant and timeless. The path to investigate the issue will start by addressing, in greater detail, the existential analytics, the question concerning technique and the movement of forgetting the being pointed out by Heidegger to problematize the current scientific perspectives on suicide and its prevention to, then, propose a phenomenological and existential understanding about the referred phenomenon.(AU)

Martin Heidegger en su ontología destaca una característica específica del presente que atraviesa el comportamiento humano, ya sea en la filosofía, la ciencia o el sentido común: el olvido del ser. El filósofo diferencia la época actual de otras épocas históricas. El horizonte histórico contemporáneo se devela el desafío y la exploración, el intento de controlar y dominar los eventos, en la modalidad de disponibilidad y en términos de productividad. Y así aclara que todo este desarraigo del hombre actual está involucrado en el olvido de lo más esencial, que es la existencia misma. A partir de las referencias a Heidegger y de los estudios sobre el suicidio, este estudio busca saber hasta qué punto la interpretación de la muerte voluntaria hoy está atravesada por este olvido. Pretendemos investigar en qué medida las acciones de prevención desarrolladas por la suicidología se encuentran atravesadas por el olvido del ser del hombre y, de esta manera, terminan por establecer relaciones entre el ser y el ente, en una consecuente reducción al ente como invariante y atemporal. Para investigar el tema se abordará inicialmente, con mayor detalle, la analítica existencial, la cuestión de la técnica y el movimiento del olvido del ser señalado por Heidegger para problematizar las perspectivas científicas actuales sobre el suicidio y su prevención y, luego, proponer una comprensión fenomenológica y existencial sobre el referido fenómeno.(AU)

Coping and Adapting to Climate Change in Australia: Yoga Perspectives.

Scientists caution against ignoring human-induced climate change and related health repercussions, with a growing body of literature highlighting the mental health effects of climate change and the importance of understanding coping and adaptation strategies. Less is known, however, about sustainable personal practices fortifying mental health in the context of climate change. The present study sought to investigate how long-term yoga practitioners (yoga therapists or yoga teachers) in Australia with a lived experience of climate change-related events are coping and adapting. The aim was to better understand participants' reports of climate change-related experiences and how yoga influences their mental health and choices in the face of climate change. Eleven in-depth telephone interviews were conducted and analyzed using an interpretive phenomenological methodology. Participants reported that their ongoing relationship with yoga influences how they cope with climate change-related stressors and their being-in-the-world, and how concern for all life bolsters their responses to climate change. The results illustrate the part yoga may play in supporting long-term practitioners to prepare for, cope with, and respond to climate change events and impacts. Offering inclusive, interdisciplinary yoga therapy and community-based networks fostering ethical living and response flexibility may prove beneficial not only for the mental health and coping ability of participants, but for the planet.

Phenomenology for the Holistic Nurse Researcher: Underpinnings of Descriptive and Interpretive Traditions.

Phenomenological research is increasing in popularity in nursing research for good reason. The qualitative research method allows an in-depth exploration of patient lived experience. This knowledge has the potential to enhance quality of holistic patient care. To undertake this method of inquiry, however, it is imperative that holistic nurse researchers understand the philosophical underpinnings of the method and are familiar with the two major types of phenomenology in order to approach the study in a scholarly manner. The purpose of this article is to explicate the method's historical roots of phenomenology, its evolution, its two major traditions and their differences, and some of the specialized terminology unique to phenomenology's jargon so that their studies can contribute to sound nursing science and complete patient care.

Midwifing the notion of a 'good' birth: a philosophical analysis.

OBJECTIVE: to ponder afresh what makes a good birth experience in a listening manner. DESIGN: a hermeneutic approach that first explores the nature of how to listen to a story that is already familiar to us and then draws on Heidegger's notion of the fourfold to seek to capture how the components of a'good birth' come together within experience. SETTING: primary birthing centre, New Zealand PARTICIPANTS: the focus of this paper is the story of one participant. It was her second birth; her first birth involved a lot of medical intervention. She had planned to travel one hour to the tertiary birthing unit but in labour chose to stay at the Birth Centre. Her story seems to portray a 'very good birth'. FINDINGS: in talking of birth, the nature of a research approach is commonly to focus on one aspect: the place, the care givers, or the mode of care. In contrast, we took on the challenge of first listening to all that was involved in one woman's story. We came to see that what made her experience 'good' was'everything' gathered together in a coherent and supportive oneness. Heidegger's notion of the fourfold helped reveal that one cannot talk about one thing without at the same time talking about all the other things as well. Confidence was the thread that held the story together. KEY CONCLUSIONS: there is value in putting aside the fragmented approach of explicating birth to recognise the coming together of place, care, situation, and the mystery beyond explanation. Women grow a confidence in place when peers and community encourage the choice based on their own experience. Confidence of caregiver comes in relationship. Feeling confident within 'self' is part of the mystery. When confidence in the different dimensions holds together, birth is 'good'. IMPLICATIONS OR PRACTICE: one cannot simply build a new birthing unit and assume it will offer a good experience of birth. Experience is about so much more. Being mindful of the dimensions of confidence that need to be built up and sheltered is a quest for wise leaders. Protecting the pockets where we know 'good birth' already flourishes is essential.

A desconstrução da psicossomática na análise existencial de Heidegger e Boss / The deconstruction of psychosomatics in Heidegger’s and Boss’ Daseinsanalysis / La déconstruction de la psychosomatique dans la Daseinsanalyse de Heidegger et de Boss / La deconstrucción de la psicosomática en el análisis existencial de Heidegger y de Boss

O presente artigo coloca em questão a compreensão tradicional da psicossomática por meio da dicotomia soma e psique e a relação de causalidade presente nessa tradição para, então, mediante uma perspectiva crítica, propor outra compreensão, com base na fenomenologia-hermenêutica de Heidegger e a Daseinsanálise de Boss. Este coloca, ainda, em questão a denominação psicossomática que mantém a dualidade da qual se pretende libertar.(AU)

This article brings into question the traditional understanding of psychosomatics by taking into account the dichotomy between soma and psyche and the causal relation present in this tradition. It suggests, from a critical point-of-view, a different understanding based on Heidegger’s phenomenology-hermeneutics and Boss’ Daseinsanalysis. This article also calls into question the term ‘psychosomatics’, which preserves the duality that has to be eliminated.(AU)

Cet article remet en question le concept traditionnel de la psychosomatique au moyen de la dichotomie entre soma et psyché et du rapport de causalité qui caractérise cette tradition. Par la suite, il propose, à partir d’un point-de-vue critique, une autre compréhension basée sur la phénoménologie herméneutique de Heidegger et sur la Daseinsanalyse de Boss, et met également en question le terme « psychosomatique » qui préserve la dualité qu’on cherche à supprimer.(AU)

El presente artículo cuestiona la comprensión tradicional de la psicosomática mediante la dicotomía soma y psique, además de la relación de causalidad presente en esa tradición para proponer, a través de una perspectiva crítica, otro entendimiento basado en la fenomenología-hermenéutica de Heidegger y en el análisis del Dasein de Boss, que además pone en entredicho la palabra “psicosomática”, que mantiene la dualidad de la cual pretende liberarse.(AU)

Revealing tact within postnatal care.

In this article, we explore the nature of good postnatal care through a hermeneutic unpacking of the notion of tact, drawing on the philosophical writings of Heidegger, Gadamer, and van Manen. The tactful encounters considered were from a hermeneutic research study within a small, rural birthing center in New Zealand. Insights drawn from the analysis were as follows: the openness of listening, watching and being attuned that builds a positive mode of engagement, recognizing that the distance the woman needs from her nurse/midwife is a call of tact, that tact is underpinned by a spirit of care, within tact there are moods and tact might require firmness, and that all of these factors come together to build trust. We conclude that the attunement of tact requires that the staff member has time to spend with a woman, enough energy to engage, and a spirit of care. Women know that tactful practice builds their confidence and affects their mothering experience. Tact cannot be assumed; it needs to be nurtured and sheltered.

Exploring Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology: a perfect fit for midwifery research.

BACKGROUND: Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology has been used widely to understand the meaning of lived experiences in health research. For midwifery scholars this approach enables deep understanding of women's and midwives' lived experiences of specific phenomena. However, for beginning researchers this is not a methodology for the faint hearted. It requires a period of deep immersion to come to terms with at times impenetrable language and perplexing concepts. OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to assist midwives to untangle and examine some of the choices they face when they first come to terms with an understanding of this methodology and highlights the methodology's capacity to reveal midwifery authenticity and holistic practice. DISCUSSION: The illumination of a selection of various concepts underpinning hermeneutic phenomenology will inform midwives considering this methodology as suitable framework for exploring contemporary midwifery phenomena.

Reflexões sobre o conhecer si mesmo como acesso ao sentido / Meditations about self knoledge as acess to meaning

Este artigo busca compreender o que significa conhecer si mesmo em uma perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Para isto, utiliza como fio condutor uma visita a um local conhecido (universidade), realizada por duas pessoas (professor e aluno). A partir deste exemplo, apresentam-se as possíveis compreensões sobre o si mesmo e os caminhos para conhecer-se. Utiliza-se como fundamento a ontologia de Martin Heidegger. Desta forma, no decorrer do artigo, os desdobramentos da visita tomada como exemplo vão se mostrando na medida em que se explicita a existência humana como serno- mundo e seus existenciais. Ao final, pode-se perceber que o conhecer si mesmo se dá na totalidade do existir, e só se faz possível na medida em que se permite estar frente a existência tal qual esta se mostra.(AU)

This article aims the understanding of self knoledge meanings on a existential phenomenological perspective. In order of that, it uses as a thread a visit to an well known place (the university) by two people (professor and student). From this example, the possible comprehensions about 'one´s self' and the ways to know it are shown. This article is grounded on Martin Heidegger´s ontology. Thus, along the article, the developments of the visit on the example, are shown according as it disclose the human existence as a being-in-the-world. At the end, it´s seen that the self knowledge appears only in the entire exist, and it´s only possible according as one allows itself to be facing one´s existence as it shows.(AU)

Este artículo trata de comprender lo que significa conocerte a ti mismo en una perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Para ello, utilice como hilo una visita a una ubicación conocida (universidad), celebrado por dos personas (profesores y estudiantes). A partir de este ejemplo, se presentan los posibles realizaciones acerca de ti mismo y de las formas de conocer a ti mismo. Se utiliza como base la ontologia de Martin Heidegger. Así, a lo largo del artículo, el desarrollo de la visita será tomado como un ejemplo que muestra la medida en que la existencia humana explícita como estar en el mundo y su existencial. Por último, se puede observar que el conocimiento de sí se produce en todo el existir y que sólo es posible en la medida en que permite que haya un frente tal que esto se muestra.(AU)