Comprehensive Oral Diagnosis and Management for Women with Turner Syndrome.

Turner Syndrome (TS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects females when one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing. Due to high genetic and phenotypic variability, TS diagnosis is challenging and is often delayed until adolescence, resulting in poor clinical management. Numerous oral, dental and craniofacial anomalies have been associated with TS, yet a comprehensive description is still lacking. This study addresses this gap through a detailed analysis of oral health and craniofacial characteristics in a cohort of 15 females with TS and their first-degree relatives. Subjects with TS ranged from 3 to 48 years old, none showed evidence of periodontal disease and only the youngest was in mixed dentition. Using the Multifunction System, we identified an aggregation of multiple signs and symptoms in each TS subject, including tooth anomalies (supernumerary molars, agenesis, microdontia, enamel defects, alterations in eruption patterns -advanced and delayed for chronological age-, crowding, rotations and transpositions), malocclusion (class II/1 and II/2) and Class II facial profile, while relatives exhibited fewer manifestations. The early detection of these signs and symptoms is crucial for appropriate referral and the optimal clinical management of TS, especially during the critical period of 9 to 10 years when congenital dental anomalies appear. The use of an established taxonomy to describe these phenotypic features is essential for early detection. Multidisciplinary teams are required to ensure holistic care management in rare diseases like TS.

Assessment of Clinical and Patient-Centered Outcomes in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy.

Aim  The study was conducted to assess the clinical and patient-centered outcomes among the patients who had undergone nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Methodology The participants for this study were 40 individuals with generalized chronic periodontitis. Numerous clinical parameters including clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were evaluated along with the administration of a customized questionnaire before and after three months of therapy to evaluate patient-centered outcomes. Results Clinical parameters showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement post-NSPT. There was 100% satisfaction in few patient-centered outcomes such as bleeding gums, bad breath, food entrapment, and mobility. Conclusion A significant improvement in the clinical parameters does not guarantee improvement in patient-centered outcomes. Achieving the improvement in patient-centered outcomes can improve the overall quality of life (QOL), marking this a holistic treatment.

Importance of phytotherapy for oral health care and quality of life in adults: A scoping review.

Medicinal plants and herbal medicines are used as integrative and complementary practices to provide comprehensive care, disease prevention, health promotion, and to improve quality of life (QoL). This scoping review aimed to identify and describe the use of phytotherapy in oral health care by adults and their outcomes, with a focus on perceptions of oral health-related QoL, healthcare access, and costs. A systematic search was conducted in six databases and supplemented in grey literature. According to a PRISMA-ScR protocol and eligibility criteria, publications were assessed for final inclusion, data charting, and narrative synthesis. Out of 4124 records, 542 publications were selected for full-text reading. A total of 32 studies were included: 21 studies assessed QoL, 7 reported access issues, and 11 reported costs issues. Herbal mouthwashes to prevent or treat non-infectious oral conditions were the most frequent treatment. Efficacy of phytotherapy was usually better than placebo or control treatment. Most studies reported QoL improvement, but several instruments were used with heterogeneous results. Limited healthcare access and high costs favoured traditional folk herbal medicine in underserved populations. It can be concluded that phytotherapy for oral health is used by adults worldwide, following modern clinical pharmacology and traditional knowledge concepts. Further studies should incorporate assessment of QoL, access, and costs in addition to clinical efficacy and safety, which are complementary aspects for delivering a comprehensive and efficient health care for all people.

Condição de saúde bucal de pacientes internados em um hospital público brasileiro / Oral health condition of patients admitted to a Brazilian public hospital / Condición de salud bucal de pacientes ingresados en un hospital público brasileño

Frequentemente, subestima-se a importância da manutenção da saúde bucal, negligenciando o fato de que infecções orais não se restringem à cavidade oral. O impacto das infecções orais, como cáries, doenças periodontais e outras patologias bucais não deve ser minimizado. Tais condições têm o potencial de desencadear complicações sistêmicas significativas, incluindo endocardite, pneumonia e até mesmo acidente vascular encefálico. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a condição de saúde bucal de pacientes hospitalizados em um hospital público brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, que utilizou a análise de prontuários médicos de pacientes admitidos em uma instituição hospitalar pública brasileira e atendidos pelo serviço de odontologia da instituição. As afecções orais mais diagnosticadas, em ordem de frequência, foram: cárie dentária (40%), gengivite (23,7%), queilite angular (22,5%), doença periodontal (18,7%), candidose oral (7,5%), úlceras traumáticas (6,2%), lesão potencialmente maligna (2,5%) e herpes labial (2,5%). O estado de saúde e higiene bucal dos pacientes foi considerado precário. Parte significativa dos pacientes apresentou afecções bucais com potencial risco de complicações à saúde durante a internação e necessidade de tratamento odontológico invasivo e/ou de urgência. A saúde bucal no ambiente hospitalar tem um papel muito importante para a efetivação da saúde integral dos pacientes internados.

Oral health maintenance is often underestimated, neglecting the fact that oral infections are not confined to the oral cavity. The impact of oral infections such as dental caries, periodontal diseases, and other oral pathologies should not be minimized. These conditions can trigger significant systemic complications, including endocarditis, pneumonia, and even stroke. Hence, this study describes the oral health condition of patients hospitalized in a Brazilian public hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional, exploratory and retrospective study was conducted by analyzing medical records of patients admitted to a Brazilian public hospital, and attended by the institution's dentistry service. The most diagnosed oral conditions, in order of frequency, were dental caries (40%), gingivitis (23.7%), angular cheilitis (22.5%), periodontal disease (18.7%), oral candidiasis (7.5%), traumatic ulcers (6.2%), potentially malignant lesion (2.5%), and labial herpes (2.5%). The patients' oral health and hygiene were considered precarious. A significant number of patients presented oral conditions with potential for health complications during hospitalization and a need for invasive and/or urgent dental treatment. Oral health in a hospital setting plays a crucial role in achieving comprehensive care for hospitalized patients.

Se subestima con frecuencia la importancia de mantener la salud bucal, pasando por alto el hecho de que las infecciones orales no se limitan a la cavidad oral. El impacto de las infecciones orales, como caries, enfermedades periodontales y otras patologías bucales, no debe minimizarse. Estas condiciones tienen el potencial de desencadenar complicaciones sistémicas significativas, como endocarditis, neumonía e incluso accidente cerebrovascular. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la condición de salud bucal de pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital público brasileño. Se trata de un estudio transversal, mediante el análisis de historias clínicas de pacientes ingresados en una institución hospitalaria pública brasileña, atendidos por el servicio de odontología de la institución. Las afecciones orales más diagnosticadas, en orden de frecuencia, fueron: caries dental (40%), gingivitis (23,7%), queilitis angular (22,5%), enfermedad periodontal (18,7%), candidiasis oral (7,5%), úlceras traumáticas (6,2%), lesiones potencialmente malignas (2,5%) y herpes labial (2,5%). Se consideró que el estado de salud e higiene bucal de los pacientes era precario. Una parte significativa de los pacientes presentó afecciones bucales con potencial riesgo de complicaciones para la salud durante la hospitalización y la necesidad de tratamiento odontológico invasivo y/o de urgencia. La salud bucal en el entorno hospitalario desempeña un papel muy importante para la efectividad de la salud integral de los pacientes hospitalizados.

Effect of prepared herbal mouthwash in maintaining the oral health of school children: A single-blind randomised control trial.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Oral health is a vital indicator of overall well-being, quality of life, and general health, with historical roots in Unani medicine (i.e. preventive measures, oral hygiene, and treatment). This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of prepared herbal mouthwash in maintaining oral health among school children. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: 110 schoolchildren were randomly assigned to the test group (treated with herbal mouthwash -Anacyclus pyrenthrum DC, Punica granutum (pericarp), Capparis spinosa (root bark), and Quercus infectoria Oliv (galls)) and the control group (treated with 0.2 % Chlorhexidine Mouthwash) for 30-days. The response was assessed by DMFT, Salivary pH, Oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), Plaque index (Loe & Silness) (PI), Plaque index simplified (O'Leary et al., 1972) (PI-S), Gingival Index (Löe-Silness) (GI), and Bleeding on probing (BOP) on baseline and 30th day GI and PI were further assessed on 60th, 90th and 120th days to determine the sustainable effect of the intervention. RESULTS: After treatment, Mean OHI-S, PI, PI-S, GI and BOP significantly reduced on the 30th day from baseline (p ≤ 0.001) in both groups. After discontinuing intervention, both groups showed significantly lower PI and GI scores on the 120th day from baseline. (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that prepared mouthwash is safe and significantly effective in maintaining oral health, and it could be used as an adjunct to mechanical oral hygiene measures.

Oral Health Status and Factors Related to Oral Health in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Matched Case-Control Observational Study.

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) patients have disproportionately poor oral health outcomes owing to a multidimensional set of factors, such as pathophysiology of the disease, drug-related adverse effects and lower utilization rate of dental healthcare services. The aim of the present observational study was to compare the indicators of dental and periodontal health in patients with SCZ to those of nonaffected healthy controls; furthermore, the influence of various anamnestic factors and lifestyle habits on oral health status were also assessed. Methods: A total of 50 SCZ patients-in remission-receiving treatment at the Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, were compared with 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls attending the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged. Participants' dental (decayed, missing and filled surfaces [DMF-S] and decayed, missing and filled teeth [DMF-T]) and periodontal (plaque index [%], bleeding on probing [BOP%], pocket depth [PD] and attachment loss [AL]) status was measured according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Results: In total, 74.0%, 80.0% and 78.0% of SCZ patients received second-generation antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and mood stabilizers, respectively. Patients with SCZ had significantly higher DMFs (81.30 ± 40.16 vs. 61.64 ± 40.56; p = 0.010), D (8.18 ± 7.73 vs. 4.18 ± 4.22; p < 0.001) and DMF-T (18.20 ± 8.36 vs. 14.42 ± 8.21; p = 0.024) scores but significantly lower F (1.84 ± 0.29 vs. 4.62 ± 3.98; p < 0.001) scores compared to the controls; male subjects had significantly lower DMFs (74.52 ± 39.72 vs. 90.67 ± 39.1; p = 0.020) and DMF-T (16.52 ± 8.12 vs. 20.52 ± 8.32; p = 0.031) scores. Additionally, SCZ patients had significantly higher plaque indices (56.96 ± 23.19 vs. 27.44 ± 17.53; p < 0.001), BOP% (58.96 ± 22.89 vs. 23.56 ± 17.53; p < 0.001), PD (2.84 ± 0.67 vs. 2.19 ± 0.49; p = 0.024) and AL (3.39 ± 1.72 vs. 2.49 ± 0.76; p < 0.001) values compared to controls. Smoking > 10 cigarettes/day was associated with worse dental and periodontal indices, while consuming ≥ 4 units/week of alcohol was associated with worse periodontal indices, respectively (p < 0.05 in all cases). In contrast, coffee consumption rates and vitamin supplementation status had no significant effect on oral health status indicators. Conclusions: Our study highlights the overall poor oral health status of individuals affected by SCZ and the need for targeted preventive interventions.

Botanicals as promising antimicrobial agents for enhancing oral health: a comprehensive review.

The mouth houses the second largest diversity of microorganisms in the body, harboring more than 700 bacterial species colonizing the soft mucosa and hard tooth surfaces. Microbes are the cause of several health-related problems, such as dental carries, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc., in the mouth across different age groups and socioeconomic/demographic groups. Oral infections are major health problems that affect the standard of living. Compromised oral health is related to chronic conditions and systemic disorders. Microbes responsible for dental caries are acid-producing and aciduric Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococci, Lactobacilli). Gram-negative bacteria (Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Actinobacillus, and Fusobacterium) capable of growing in anaerobic environments are responsible for periodontal diseases. Due to the high prevalence of oral diseases, negative effects associated with the use of antimicrobial agents and increased antibiotic resistance in oral pathogens, suitable alternative methods (effective, economical and safe) to suppress microbes disturbing oral health need to be adopted. Side effects associated with the chemical antimicrobial agents are vomiting, diarrhea and tooth staining. Several researchers have studied the antimicrobial properties of plant extracts and phytochemicals and have used them as indigenous practices to control several infections. Therefore, phytochemicals extracted from plants can be suitable alternatives. This review focuses on the various phytochemical/plant extracts suppressing the growth of oral pathogens either by preventing their attachment to the surfaces or by preventing biofilm formation or other mechanisms.

The Effect of Alginate Encapsulated Plant-Based Carbohydrate and Protein Supplementation on Recovery and Subsequent Performance in Athletes.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a novel alginate-encapsulated carbohydrate-protein (CHO-PRO ratio 2:1) supplement (ALG) on cycling performance. The ALG, designed to control the release of nutrients, was compared to an isocaloric carbohydrate-only control (CON). Alginate encapsulation of CHOs has the potential to reduce the risk of carious lesions. METHODS: In a randomised cross-over clinical trial, 14 men completed a preliminary test over 2 experimental days separated by ~6 days. An experimental day consisted of an exercise bout (EX1) of cycling until exhaustion at W~73%, followed by 5 h of recovery and a subsequent time-to-exhaustion (TTE) performance test at W~65%. Subjects ingested either ALG (0.8 g CHO/kg/hr + 0.4 g PRO/kg/hr) or CON (1.2 g CHO/kg/hr) during the first 2 h of recovery. RESULTS: Participants cycled on average 75.2 ± 5.9 min during EX1. Levels of plasma branched-chain amino acids decreased significantly after EX1, and increased significantly with the intake of ALG during the recovery period. During recovery, a significantly higher plasma insulin and glucose response was observed after intake of CON compared to ALG. Intake of ALG increased plasma glucagon, free fatty acids, and glycerol significantly. No differences were found in the TTE between the supplements (p = 0.13) nor in the pH of the subjects' saliva. CONCLUSIONS: During the ALG supplement, plasma amino acids remained elevated during the recovery. Despite the 1/3 less CHO intake with ALG compared to CON, the TTE performance was similar after intake of either supplement.

Systematic Review of Zinc's Benefits and Biological Effects on Oral Health.

BACKGROUND: This review was based on the following question: "What is the state-of-the-art regarding the effect of zinc exposure in the oral cavity on a population of adults and children, compared to dental products containing materials other than zinc, considering in vivo (clinical trials and observational studies) and in vitro studies?" according to a PICOS strategy format. This study aims to analyze zinc application in dental materials, with different compositions and chemical formulations, considering how mechanical and biological properties may influence its clinical applicability. METHODS: In vivo (clinical trials: controlled clinical trials (CCTs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs); and observational studies: case control and cohort studies) trials or in vitro studies published in English or Italian during the last 10 years on children and adult patients with zinc exposure were included by three different reviewers using the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases. RESULTS: Titles and abstracts were evaluated following the eligibility criteria. The full texts of eligible studies were then reviewed against the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Scientific and technical information of the 33 included studies were collected into evidence tables, reporting data on in vivo and in vitro studies. A narrative approach was adopted. CONCLUSIONS: Antibacterial activity was found to be the most studied property of zinc, but further investigations are needed to establish adjuvant zinc therapies in patients with oral disease.

Oral health-care practices and dental assistance management strategies for people with autism spectrum disorder: An integrative literature review.

ABSTRACT: Autism spectrum disorder requires a careful approach from professionals and a favorable clinical environment for dental care and assistance. This article aims To perform a literature review about oral health among people with autism spectrum disorder and dental management strategies for this group. An integrative literature review was carried out in three databases, associating the descriptors: (autism or autism spectrum disorder) with (oral health or oral diseases) and (dental care or dental services). After identification and screening steps, 32 articles were included in the study. The most prevalent subjects were oral health conditions, parents' understanding and practical attitudes about oral health, treatment and management strategies, and the use of technology. The principal barriers to dental care were the scarcity of specialized professionals, unpreparedness in the referral system, poor accessibility of the clinics, and lack of specific care protocols. The world literature on the subject is scarce, and there is still a need for investment and scientific production due to the incidence of autism in the world population and the maintenance of difficulties and barriers in offering quality health care to this group.

Oral health status and oral habits of children and adolescents with hemophilia: a report from the children's hemophilia comprehensive care center of China.

In recent years, the diagnosis and treatment of hemophilic children in China has significantly improved. However, oral health conditions, which affect quality of life, haven't received attention in this population. To explore the oral health status and oral hygiene of children and adolescents with hemophilia in the Children's Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Center of China. Dental and oral hygiene examinations were performed in children and adolescents with hemophilia who visited Beijing Children's Hospital. DMFT/dmft (decayed, missing, filled teeth in permanent and primary teeth) was assessed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) was used to evaluate the oral hygiene condition of the subjects. Questionnaires were completed by their parents. SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. A total of 114 children and adolescents were enrolled. The caries prevalence was 57.4%, 72.2% and 41.2% in primary, mixed and permanent dentitions respectively. The filling rates were 14.4%, 13.9%, and 11.4%, respectively, and the OHI-S scores of the three dentition groups were 1.49 ± 0.46, 1.57 ± 0.43, and 1.76 ± 0.46, respectively. A total of 103 valid questionnaires were collected. Sixty-nine children (67%) didn't brushed their teeth 2 times a day. Nearly half of the parents knew little about fluoride toothpaste. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that brushing teeth with the help of parents had a significant positive impact on OHI-S.  Conclusion: Dental health was unsatisfactory among hemophilic children and adolescents. The caries filling rates were low. Patients and their parents did not give much attention to oral health. What is Known: • Caries and gingivitis are the two main oral diseases that affect children with hemophilia. • However, the oral health conditions of children and adolescents with hemophilia have not received much attention in China. What is New: • This is the first study concentrating on the dental health of children with hemophilia in China. • Dental health was unsatisfactory among children and adolescents with hemophilia in China.

Chemical Profile and Biological Activities Of Piper mikanianum (Kunth) Steud Essential Oil for Development and Improvement of Oral Rinse.

INTRODUCTION: Studies prove that the use of medicinal plants is a custom carried out by man since ancient times, the evolution of the pharmaceutical industry makes more people consume more natural products. Currently, we can observe that mouthwashes containing natural compounds have shown a growth in demand in the markets and in the professional community. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to carry out the chemical characterization and microbiological potential of Piper mikanianum (Kunth) Steud essential oil (EOPm), providing data that allows the development of a low-cost mouthwash formulation aimed at vulnerable communities. METHODS: The evaluation of the antibacterial activity and modulator of bacterial resistance was performed by the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The chemical components were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, identified 28 constituents, in which Safrole Phenylpropanoid is the major compound, representing 72.6 % of the total composition, followed by α-pinene (10.7 %), Limonene (2 %), ß-caryophyllene (2 %), E-nerolidol (1.9 %), spathulenol (1.3 %) and camphene (1.1 %). RESULTS: The EOPm showed a MIC minimum inhibitory concentration≥1024 µg/mL for all bacterial strains used in the tests. When the EOPm modulating activity combined with chlorhexidine, mouthwash, ampicillin, gentamicin and penicillin G was evaluated against bacterial resistance, the oil showed significant synergistic activity, reducing the MIC of the products tested in combination, in percentage between 20.6 % to 98 .4 %. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend the expansion of tests with greater variation of EOPm concentration combinations and the products used in this study, as well as toxicity evaluation and in vivo tests, seeking the development of a possible low-cost mouthwash formulation accessible to the most vulnerable population.

Chewing ability and associated factors in older adults in Germany. Results from GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS.

BACKGROUND: Oral well-being is an important component of general well-being and quality of life, as it is greatly influenced by the ability to chew and speak, and thus by central factors of social interaction. Because quality of life and participation are important factors for health in older age, the aim of this article was to examine the chewing ability, including associated factors, for the older population in Germany on the basis of a nationally representative sample. METHODS: Database is the German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS), a population based cross-sectional survey of the Robert Koch Institute. In the telephone interview, participants aged 55 years and older were asked: "Do you have difficulty biting and chewing on hard foods such as a firm apple? Would you say 'no difficulty', 'some difficulty', 'a lot of difficulty' or 'cannot do at all/ unable to do'?" Prevalences and multivariate prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) from log-Poisson regressions. Sociodemographic, health-, behavioral- and care-related characteristics were investigated as associated factors. RESULTS: The analyses were based on data from 12,944 participants (7,079 women, 5,865 men). The proportion of people with reduced chewing ability was 20.0%; 14.5% had minor difficulty, 5.5% had major difficulty. There were no differences between women and men. The most important associated factors for reduced chewing ability were old age (PR 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.1), low socioeconomic status (PR 2.0, 95% CI 1.7-2.5), limitations to usual activities due to health problems (PR 1.9, 1.6-2.2), depressive symptoms (PR 1.7, 1.5-2.1), daily smoking (PR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.8), low dental utilization (PR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-1.9), and perceived unmet needs for dental care (PR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5-2.1). CONCLUSIONS: One fifth of adults from 55 years of age reported reduced chewing ability. Thus, this is a very common functional limitation in older age. Reduced chewing ability was associated with almost all investigated characteristics. Therefore, its prevention requires a holistic view in the living environment and health care context of older people. Given that chewing ability influences quality of life and social participation, maintaining or improving chewing ability is important for healthy aging.

An Update on Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Dental Decay in Older Adults.

In recent decades, the global demographic landscape has undergone a discernible shift that has been characterised by a progressive increase in the proportion of elderly individuals, indicative of an enduring global inclination toward extended lifespans. The aging process, accompanied by physiological changes and dietary patterns, contributes to detrimental deviations in micronutrient consumption. This vulnerable aging population faces heightened risks, including dental caries, due to structural and functional modifications resulting from insufficient nutritional sustenance. Factors such as physiological changes, inadequate nutrition, and the prevalence of multiple chronic pathologies leading to polypharmacy contribute to the challenge of maintaining an optimal nutritional status. This scenario increases the likelihood of drug interactions, both between medications and with nutrients and the microbiome, triggering complications such as dental decay and other pathologies. Since the drug industry is evolving and new types of food, supplements, and nutrients are being designed, there is a need for further research on the mechanisms by which drugs interfere with certain nutrients that affect homeostasis, exemplified by the prevalence of caries in the mouths of older adults. Infectious diseases, among them dental caries, exert serious impacts on the health and overall quality of life of the elderly demographic. This comprehensive review endeavours to elucidate the intricate interplay among drugs, nutrients, the microbiome, and the oral cavity environment, with the overarching objective of mitigating the potential hazards posed to both the general health and dental well-being of older adults. By scrutinising and optimising these multifaceted interactions, this examination aims to proactively minimise the susceptibility of the elderly population to a spectrum of health-related issues and the consequences associated with dental decay.

Child oral health: A plea for interdisciplinarity / La santé orale de l'enfant : un plaidoyer pour l'interdisciplinarité

A child's oral health has major implications both for their general health and for their quality of life. Even before birth, the mother's oral health can affect the development of the baby and pregnancy outcomes. From the very first months of life, feeding habits together with non-nutritive sucking ones, early transmission of pathogenic bacteria, and oral hygiene practices prefigure the child's future health. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge regarding the main oral health issues affecting children, namely dental caries, erosive tooth wear, developmental defects of enamel, maxillofacial growth anomalies, and traumatic dental injuries. Additionally, it aims to examine the oral health prevention and promotion programs that have been implemented in France over several decades. These prevention and promotion initiatives are not only part of a national program but are also being organized at a territorial level, although, unfortunately, they often remain limited to regional, departmental, or municipal scopes. It is essential for all those involved with children, whether they are health care professionals or not, to collaborate effectively to enhance both oral health and overall well-being. This requires fostering an interdisciplinary approach that involves various contributors working together in a complementary way.

La santé orale de l'enfant est d'un enjeu majeur, tant pour sa santé en général que pour sa qualité de vie. Avant même sa naissance, la santé orale de la mère impacte le développement du bébé et l'issue de la grossesse. Dès les tout premiers mois de vie, le mode d'alimentation, les habitudes de succion non nutritives, la transmission précoce de bactéries pathogènes et les pratiques d'hygiène orale préfigurent la future santé de l'enfant. L'objectif de cet article est de faire une synthèse des connaissances sur les principales affections bucco-dentaires chez l'enfant que sont la maladie carieuse, l'usure érosive, les défauts de minéralisation, les anomalies de croissance maxillo-faciale et les traumatismes dentaires et de s'interroger sur les programmes de prévention et de promotion de la santé en santé orale en France depuis plusieurs décennies. Des initiatives de prévention et de promotion de la santé orale s'organisent (en complément du programme national), dans une déclinaison territoriale, encore trop souvent seulement régionale, départementale ou municipale. Ainsi, ce sont tous les acteurs autour de l'enfant, professionnels de la santé ou non, qui doivent s'engager, ensemble, pour améliorer sa santé orale et sa santé en général et c'est tout une culture interdisciplinaire qui doit se développer autour d'une pluralité d'acteurs qui pourraient agir et collaborer, en toute complémentarité.

Modeling longitudinal oral health status and pneumonia risk: secondary data analyses of an integrated dental-medical cohort.

BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence indicates potential associations between poor oral health status (OHS) and increased pneumonia risk. Relative pneumonia risk was assessed in the context of longitudinally documented OHS. METHODS: Electronic medical/dental patient data captured from 2007 through 2019 were retrieved from the integrated health records of Marshfield Clinic Health Systems. Participant eligibility initiated with an assessment of OHS, stratified into the best, moderate, or worst OHS groups, with the additional criterion of 'no pneumonia diagnosis in the past 90 days'. Pneumonia incidence was longitudinally monitored for up to 1 year from each qualifying dental visit. Models were assessed, with and without adjustment for prior pneumonia incidence, adjusted for smoking and subjected to confounding mitigation attributable to known pneumonia risk factors by applying propensity score analysis. Time-to-event analysis and proportional hazard modeling were applied to investigate relative pneumonia risk over time among the OHS groups. RESULTS: Modeling identified associations between any incident pneumonia subtype and 'number of missing teeth' (p < 0.001) and 'clinically assessed periodontal status' (p < 0.01), which remained significant following adjustment for prior pneumonia incidence and smoking. The hazard ratio (HR) for 'any incident pneumonia' in the best OHS group for 'number of missing teeth' was 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.54 - 0.79] (unadjusted) and 0.744, 95% CI [0.61 - 0.91] (adjusted). The HR for 'any incident pneumonia' in the best 'clinically assessed periodontal status' group was 0.72, 95% CI [0.58 - 0.90] (unadjusted) and 0.78, 95% CI [0.62 - 0.97] (adjusted). CONCLUSION/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Poor OHS increased pneumonia risk. Proactive attention of medical providers to patient OHS and health literacy surrounding oral-systemic disease association is vital, especially in high-risk populations.

Phytotherapy: knowledge, experience and prescription in oral healthcare. A cross-sectional survey of dental practitioners / Conhecimento, experiência e prescrição de fitoterapia em saúde bucal: Um levantamento transversal com dentistas clínicos

ABSTRACT Herbal medicine is widely used as an integrative complementary treatment for common chronic diseases, yet potential risks include adverse effects and coprescription Aim This exploratory survey assessed Brazilian dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding phytotherapy Material and Method This study used a consecutive sample of registered dentists who were active in clinical practice and attending advanced training for complex oral rehabilitation at a leading dental school in Latin America. Participants responded to a semi-structured 38-item instrument designed to collect data on sociodemographic, professional and health variables, and on their knowledge, use, prescription and opinions of phytotherapy. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data were described and analyzed with a thematic approach Results A total 53 dentists responded the survey (88.3% response rate). Six dentists reported formal education in phytotherapy and 33 had informal knowledge. Twenty-one dentists (39.6%) reported using herbal medicine, and 17 (32.1%) prescribed phytotherapy to their patients, mostly traditional medicinal plants. A logistic regression model showed that post-graduate degree and personal use of phytotherapy were associated with phytotherapy prescription. Opinions on how to improve the rational use of phytotherapy included the need for research evidence, specific academic education, and knowledge dissemination to clinicians. As a clinical recommendation, it was proposed that questions on herbal medicine should be asked during the dental patient's anamnesis Conclusions Dentists with post-graduate degrees and personal use of phytotherapy prescribe herbal medicines for their patients in real-world clinics, regardless of formal education on the subject. Qualitative findings indicate the need to implement scientific initiatives.

RESUMO A fitoterapia é amplamente utilizada como um tratamento integrativo e complementar para doenças crônicas comuns, mas os riscos potenciais incluem efeitos adversos e co-prescrição Objetivo Esta pesquisa exploratória avaliou o conhecimento, as atitudes e as práticas de cirurgiões-dentistas brasileiros sobre fitoterapia Materiais e Método Uma amostra consecutiva foi composta por dentistas com registro profissional, que eram ativos em prática clínica e frequentavam treinamento avançado para reabilitação oral complexa em uma das principais escolas de odontologia da América Latina. Os participantes responderam a um instrumento semiestruturado de 38 itens para coletar dados sobre variáveis sociodemográficas, profissionais e de saúde, bem como conhecimento, uso, prescrição e opiniões sobre fitoterapia. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados com estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os dados qualitativos foram descritos e analisados com abordagem temática Resultados Um total de 53 dentistas respondeu à pesquisa (taxa de resposta de 88,3%). Seis cirurgiões-dentistas relataram formação em fitoterapia e 33 possuíam conhecimento informal. Vinte e um dentistas (39,6%) relataram o uso de fitoterápicos e 17 (32,1%) prescreveram fitoterapia para seus pacientes, principalmente plantas medicinais tradicionais. Um modelo de regressão logística mostrou que pós-graduação e uso pessoal de fitoterapia estiveram associados à prescrição de fitoterapia. As opiniões para melhorar o uso racional da fitoterapia incluíram a necessidade de evidências de pesquisa, formação acadêmica específica e disseminação do conhecimento para os clínicos. Como recomendação clínica, foram propostas questões sobre fitoterapia para a anamnese odontológica do paciente Conclusões Cirurgiões-dentistas com pós-graduação e uso pessoal de fitoterapia prescrevem mais medicamentos fitoterápicos para seus pacientes em clínicas do mundo real, independentemente da educação formal sobre o assunto. Os resultados qualitativos indicam a necessidade de iniciativas de implementação científica.

Unraveling the Relationship Between Osteoporosis, Treatment Modalities, and Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review.

This review delves into the intricate interplay between osteoporosis, its treatment approaches, and oral health. The examination underscores the substantial impact of osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone density, on various oral health parameters such as periodontal health, tooth loss, and jawbone density. While pharmacological interventions, including bisphosphonates and hormone replacement therapy, play a crucial role in managing osteoporosis, they necessitate careful consideration, particularly about the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw. A comprehensive approach involving collaboration between dentists and healthcare providers is imperative for holistic patient care. Implementing screening protocols for osteoporosis in dental settings and meticulously planning dental procedures for patients undergoing osteoporosis treatments are vital aspects of clinical practice. This review also sheds light on emerging trends in osteoporosis research, such as the influence of genetic factors and the microbiome, emphasizing the necessity for innovative treatment modalities. In conclusion, the review provides valuable insights into the nuanced connections between osteoporosis and oral health, thereby laying a foundation for informed clinical practices and guiding future research initiatives. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of optimizing dental procedures and assessing long-term oral health outcomes as critical avenues for future research endeavors.

Exploring the Connection Between Domestic Violence and Masticatory Outcomes in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review.

The potential interplay between domestic violence and masticatory outcomes in children and adolescents has garnered increasing attention. Understanding the association between domestic abuse and specific oral health parameters, such as biting habits, temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and bruxism, holds implications for holistic healthcare interventions. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence to elucidate the potential relationships between domestic abuse and targeted oral health outcomes in the pediatric population. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted across eight databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Boolean operators and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords were strategically employed to optimize search precision. Clinical studies investigating the relationships between domestic abuse and TMDs, or bruxism, in children and adolescents were included. Two reviewers extracted the data independently. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were critically appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The systematic search identified three papers investigating the associations between domestic abuse and the targeted oral health parameters. Children in the age group of 6-19 years were assessed. The synthesized evidence revealed a consistent association between domestic abuse and masticatory outcomes. Individuals subjected to domestic abuse exhibited a greater percentage of masticatory anomalies. The methodological assessment of the included studies showed good quality. This systematic review provides a notable synthesis of evidence regarding the associations between domestic abuse and masticatory outcomes in children and adolescents. The complex nature of these relationships necessitates further research to unravel the underlying mechanisms and establish causality. The insights from this review highlight the significance of integrating abuse assessment within oral health evaluations and underscore the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to address the potential impact of abusive experiences on the oral health and well-being of the pediatric population.

A tangible prospect for the treatment of gingivitis using a potentially probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum MK06 isolated from traditional dairy products: a triple blind randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Frequent bacterial plaque buildup at the gingival margin and crevice can provoke an inflammatory reaction in gingival tissues which manifests as gingivitis. Probiotics could serve as a beneficial complementary therapy for treating gingival inflammation. The main aim of this research was to investigate the effect of the Lactobacillus plantarum MK06 probiotic strain on the treatment of gingivitis. METHODS: Patients with gingivitis, who were referred to a private clinic and were systematically healthy, were included in this randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. They were instructed to use either placebo or Lactobacillus plantarum suspensions for one minute two times a day after tooth-brushing for four weeks. Then, the clinical parameters of gingivitis, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and oral hygiene index (OHI-s), were measured in the first, second, and fourth weeks. A total of forty-two patients were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 21) and control (n = 21) groups. The mean age of the experimental and control groups was 29.10 and 28.48, respectively. RESULTS: The mean scores of BOP, GI, PI, and OHI-s reduced over time in both the control and test groups. However, according to the Mann-Whitney test, the difference between the two groups was not significant at the same time intervals (P ≥ 0.05) and only GI showed a significant difference in the fourth week (GI-3, P = 0.006). Nevertheless, the experimental group experienced a higher overall reduction rate than the control group. The BOP, GI, PI, and OHI-s scores decreased by 0.081, 0.204, 0.186, and 0.172 times in the second week, respectively, resulting from the interaction of time and the intervention, which considerably diminished these indices. CONCLUSION: This study shows the potential of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MK06 suspension as a promoting therapeutic adjuvant in the treatment of gingivitis.