Exploring tea and herbal infusions consumption patterns and behaviours: The case of Portuguese consumers.

Consumption of tea and herbal infusions (THIs) have a long history in traditional medicine and cultural practices. The health-promoting benefits attributed to THIs are considered influential factors in consumer choices. However, there is limited data on consumer choices and attitudes that might interfere with the positive effects associated with THIs consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the consumption pattern and behavior of THIs consumers in Portugal, assessing the influence of socio-demographic factors on the selection of THIs products and consumer practices related to these beverages. An online survey was conducted, and from the collected data, 720 responses met the aim of the study and were further analyzed. Most of the respondents were female, 74.4%, belonging to the 40-60 age group (40.6%) and were medium consumers of THIs (47.2%). Green tea was the most consumed type among participants, and its consumption was associated not only with age but also with the pattern of THIs consumption. Despite that, participants preferred herbal infusions, with citronella, chamomile, and lemon verbena being the most consumed types. For certain types of herbal infusions, consumption was associated with age, while other types were preferred by moderate or heavy consumers. Most participants purchased THIs in supermarkets, registered trademark and brand stores, in the form of THIs bag. Light consumers use only bag, while medium/heavy consumers indicated the use of other forms. Almost half of the respondents admitted to not reading the information on product labels before consumption and using THIs after the expiry date, while only one-third of them declared paying attention to the label instructions. This study revealed the impact of socio-demographic factors as age on the consumption patterns and preferences of THIs of consumers. Of concern is the neglect of label usage among Portuguese consumers. This emphasizes the urgency of implementing interventions to guide proper label use and promote good consumption practices to ensure the quality of THIs products.

Aging Adults' Willingness, Preferences, and Access to Self-Hypnosis for Sleep: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Sleep disturbance is a public health problem among aging adults (age 45 and older). While aging adults are at an elevated risk for sleep disturbance, many also have high rates of mistrust toward psychological interventions, such as self-hypnosis, which may be beneficial for sleep. The purpose of the study was to assess factors that may impact utilization of self-hypnosis for sleep, including willingness, preferences, and access among informed aging adults. 244 aging adults were recruited. After reading an information sheet on self-hypnosis for sleep, participants completed questionnaires assessing sleep related worry, stress, and perceptions of self-hypnosis for sleep, including willingness, benefits, barriers, preferences, and access. The findings indicated that informed aging adults were willing to engage in self-hypnosis for sleep, regardless of their race or gender. Furthermore, they preferred technological delivery methods (i.e. telehealth or smartphone apps) with flexible scheduling options. However, very few participants endorsed having access to self-hypnosis.

Identification of nectar sources foraged by female mosquitoes in Canada.

For many mosquito species, the females must obtain vertebrate blood to complete a gonotrophic cycle. These blood meals are frequently supplemented by feeding on sugary plant nectar, which sustains energy reserves needed for flight, mating, and overall fitness. Our understanding of mosquito nectar foraging behaviors is mostly limited to laboratory experiments and direct field observations, with little research into natural mosquito-host plant relationships done in North America. In this study, we collected nectar-fed female mosquitoes over a 2-year period in Manitoba, Canada, and amplified a fragment of the chloroplast rbcL gene to identify the plant species fed upon. We found that mosquitoes foraged from diverse plant families (e.g., grasses, trees, ornamentals, and legumes), but preferred certain species, most notably soybean and Kentucky blue grass. Moreover, there appeared to be some associations between plant feeding preferences and mosquito species, date of collection, landscape, and geographical region. Overall, this study implemented DNA barcoding to identify nectar sources forage by mosquitoes in the Canadian Prairies.

Salt preferences of horses for types of NaCl offered.

Salt (NaCl) is an essential nutrient for horses because their diet is low in sodium and they lose salt in sweat. Given the many types of salt block available, 342 horse owners were surveyed to see what type they offered their horses. The owners most often offered plain(30%) mineralized (29%) or Himalayan salt blocks. Next, adult mares were given two choice preference tests between plain (white) and mineralized (red) salt blocks, between mineralized and selenium (green) blocks, between plain and selenium, between Himalayan (pink) and plain and between Himalayan and selenium salt blocks. The horses preferred plain salt to Himalayan salt, but showed no preference between the other combinations.

"I Wish I Had That!": A Qualitative Analysis of Psychosocial Treatment Preferences Among Young Adults With Recent Concussion and Anxiety.

OBJECTIVE: To assess psychosocial treatment preferences and factors that may affect treatment participation among young adults with a recent concussion and co-occurring anxiety. DESIGN: In-depth, semi-structured individual qualitative interviews, followed by thematic analysis using a hybrid deductive-inductive approach. SETTING: Academic medical center in the US Northeast. PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen young adults (18-24y) who sustained a concussion within the past 3-10 weeks and reported at least mild anxiety (≥5 on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes include preferences for program content (eg, topics and skills), delivery modality, format, and barriers and facilitators to participation. RESULTS: We identified 4 domains characterizing participants' perceptions of and preferences for treatment. (1) Program content: Participants preferred a program early after injury that included psychoeducation and coping skills (eg, activity pacing, deep breathing, mindfulness). (2) Therapeutic processes: Participants preferred a person-centered approach in which clinicians normalized anxiety postconcussion and reassured them of recovery. (3) Program logistics: Participants endorsed that a brief, virtual program would be acceptable. They preferred access to program components through multiple modalities (eg, audio, video) and accommodations to manage concussion symptoms. (4) Barriers and facilitators to participation: Barriers included acute concussion symptoms (eg, screen sensitivity), time constraints, and forgetting sessions. Facilitators included a program that is flexible (format, scheduling), personalized (self-chosen mode for reminders, measure of accountability), and accessible (ie, advertising through health care professionals or social media). CONCLUSIONS: Participants need psychosocial support that normalizes their experiences and provides education and coping tools. Treatments should be accessible, flexible, and person centered. Psychosocial treatments meeting these preferences may help optimize the recovery of young adults with recent concussion and anxiety.

Real-world observations and impacts of Chinese herbal medicine for migraine: results of a registry-based cohort study.

Background: Migraine is a prevalent, recurrent condition with substantial disease burden. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been used frequently for migraine in controlled clinical settings. This study is to summarise the characteristics of patients who seek clinical care in a tertiary Chinese medicine hospital in China; to gather their preferences and values of using CHM; to explore the effect of CHM for migraine and its comorbidities in a real-world setting, and to collect first-hand expertise of clinicians' practice pattern in prescribing CHM for migraine. Methods: This registry-based cohort study was prospectively conducted at Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from December 2020 to May 2022. Adult migraine patients seeking their initial anti-migraine clinical care at the hospital were consecutively recruited and followed up for 12 weeks. Practitioners specialised in headache management prescribed individualised treatments without research interference. Standardised case report forms were employed to gather information on patients' preferences and perspective of seeking clinical care, as well as to assess participants' migraine severity, comorbidities, and quality of life, at 4-weeks intervals. Various analytical methods were utilised based on the computed data. Results: In this study, we observed 248 participants. Of these, 73 received CHM treatment for 28 days or longer. Notably, these participants exhibited a greater disease severity, compared to those treated with CHM for less than 28 days. Of the 248 participants, 83.47% of them expected CHM would effectively reduce the severity of their migraine, around 50% expected effects for migraine-associated comorbidities, while 51.61% expressing concerns about potential side effects. CHM appeared to be effective in reducing monthly migraine days and pain intensity, improving patients' quality of life, and potentially reducing comorbid anxiety, with a minimum of 28 days CHM treatment. Herbs such as gan cao, gui zhi, chuan xiong, fu ling, bai zhu, yan hu suo, etc. were frequently prescribed for migraine, based on patients' specific symptoms. Conclusion: CHM appeared to be beneficial for migraine and comorbid anxiety in real-world clinical practice when used continuously for 28 days or more. Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR2000041003.

Choosing Systemic Agents for Psoriasis.

Treatment options for moderate-to-severe psoriasis depend on drug efficacy and safety, patient preferences, comorbidities, and cost-no drug dominates across all dimensions. Interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors may be preferred for fast-acting treatment, while the 3-month schedule of risankizumab, ustekinumab, or tildrakizumab may be attractive for patients who prioritize fewer injections. Phototherapy is suitable for patients who wish to avoid systemic agents or when cost is a concern. For patients with poor adherence, infliximab or tildrakizumab may be well suited as they require in-office administration. Dermatologists can educate patients on available therapies to find a regimen best suited to their needs.

Australian Patient Preferences for Discussing Spiritual Issues in the Hospital Setting: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study.

While there is high patient acceptance for clinical staff discussing issues regarding spirituality with hospital inpatients, it is not clear which staff member patients prefer for these discussions. This unique exploratory study investigated inpatient preferences regarding which staff member should raise the topic of spirituality. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with inpatients at six hospitals in Sydney, Australia (n = 897), with a subset invited to participate in qualitative interviews (n = 41). Pastoral care staff (32.9%) were the preferred staff members with whom to discuss spiritual issues, followed by doctors (22.4%). Qualitative findings indicated that individual characteristics of the staff member are more important than their role.

Honey bee colonies change their foraging decisions after in-hive experiences with unsuitable pollen.

Pollen is the protein resource for Apis mellifera and its selection affects colony development and productivity. Honey bee foragers mainly lose their capacity to digest pollen, so we expect that those pollen constituents that can only be evaluated after ingestion will not influence their initial foraging preferences at food sources. We predicted that pollen composition may be evaluated in a delayed manner within the nest, for example, through the effects that the pollen causes on the colony according to its suitability after being used by in-hive bees. To address whether pollen foraging is mediated by in-hive experiences, we conducted dual-choice experiments to test the avoidance of pollen adulterated with amygdalin, a deterrent that causes post-ingestion malaise. In addition, we recorded pollen selection in colonies foraging in the field after being supplied or not with amygdalin-adulterated pollen from one of the dominant flowering plants (Diplotaxis tenuifolia). Dual-choice experiments revealed that foragers did not avoid adulterated pollens at the foraging site; however, they avoided pollen that had been offered adulterated within the nest on the previous days. In field experiments, pollen samples from colonies supplied with amygdalin-adulterated pollen were more diverse than controls, suggesting that pollen foraging was biased towards novel sources. Our findings support the hypothesis that pollen assessment relies on in-hive experiences mediated by pollen that causes post-ingestive malaise.

You eye what you eat: BMI, consumption patterns, and dieting status predict temporal attentional bias to food-associated images.

People know that overconsumption of high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) foods have negative consequences for physical and cognitive wellbeing but continue to consume these foods in excess, leading to recent proposals to model obesity as an addiction disorder. The current experiment tested, in a large undergraduate sample (N = 306), the hypothesis that obesity and overconsumption is linked with an oversensitivity to rewards that drives attentional biases towards foods and food-associated cues. Using a modified emotion-induced blindness task with food-related distractors, we examined the extent to which attentional biases to images of HFHS foods were accounted for by BMI, HFHS food intake, self-reported hunger, time since last meal, diet status, food preferences, and attentional control. We also examined whether the same individual differences predicted attentional priority to cues that have a learned association with HFHS foods (i.e., images of food logos). Contrary to our predictions, higher BMI predicted less attentional priority for images of food and food logos. At the same time, increased consumption of HFHS foods predicted increased attentional priority for food images, whereas dieting predicted increased attentional priority for food logo images. Our results suggest that different people may preferentially attend to food versus food logo imagery based on their relationships with food. More broadly, our results support the theoretical perspective that attentional biases to food-associated stimuli can be affected by various competing, state-related factors.

Fibre4life: Investigating older adults dietary fibre preferences and the role of targeted educational materials on modulating future dietary fibre intake.

The UK has an ever-increasing ageing population; hence, promoting balanced nutrition can have fundamental health and cost benefits. In addition, the majority of older adults' dietary fibre intake is below recommendations and this is despite its well-cited benefits; therefore, more emphasis should be placed on identifying viable age-suitable strategies to overcome the associated dietary fibre-related knowledge gap. Accordingly, one hundred and seventy older adults (65-87 years) were recruited to partake in two survey related studies: (1) initial insights (e.g., dietary fibre-related knowledge, awareness, attitudes and behaviour as well as information preferences) were captured to inform the design of educational materials; and (2) the impact of two targeted educational materials on modulating older adults' future dietary fibre intake was tested. Older adults were willing to learn more about dietary fibre and requested additional information relating to its benefits, recommendations and food-based examples in a clear and accessible format. Therefore, two educational materials (factsheet and practical tips) were developed encompassing key themes. Overall, older adults engaged with the educational materials (regardless of topic and format); thus, demonstrating the potential benefits of this approach going forwards. There was strong agreement with all variables: learning something new, change future dietary fibre intake, format liking, content engaging and share with others as well as the overall experience being cited as useful/helpful. Going forwards, importance should be placed on measuring dietary fibre consumption post engaging with educational materials. In addition, utilising a holistic approach incorporating support from different sources (e.g., health professionals, government, food companies, supermarkets and community) could be fundamental in helping older adults to consume more dietary fibre and subsequently contributing to positive health outcomes.

Patients' Choices for Yoga Therapy: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional, Convenience-Sampling Survey from India.

In conventional healthcare, patients' preferences for their treatment are determined, though this practice has not been reported for yoga therapy. The present convenience sampling exploratory survey attempted to determine whether those seeking yoga therapy would report preferences for the way yoga therapy is implemented, the therapist's knowledge, and related aspects of yoga therapy. Responses from 426 people attending a yoga therapy institution in India were analyzed. Based on the chi-square test (p < 0.05) and Cramer's V (> 0.10), most people wished to receive yoga therapy in a group of others with a similar disease (42.25%), in a yoga institution (83.57%), and as in-person sessions (48.83%). Patients preferred yoga therapists to know about the principles of yoga (40.38%), to be well-informed generally (61.97%), and to be able to give suggestions for emotional well-being. For the majority of participants (59.4%), the reason for selecting yoga therapy was "a belief in yoga as therapy" (rather than as an add-on therapy or as a last resort). Patients' expectations of yoga therapy were positive, namely a cure of disease (79.34%) and improvement after 1 year (95.8%). Most patients (91.6%) wanted their conventional medicine practitioner to know that they were receiving yoga therapy. Although limited by the study design, survey design, and participant details available, overall results suggest that patients (1) reported specific preferences (for the implementation of yoga therapy and for yoga therapists' knowledge), (2) had expectations of yoga therapy, and (3) most often were interested in their conventional care physicians being informed about the yoga therapy they received.

Continuing medical education in China: evidence from primary health workers' preferences for continuing traditional Chinese medicine education.

BACKGROUND: Continuing Medical Education (CME) is an important part of the training process for health workers worldwide. In China, training in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) not only improves the expertise of medical workers, but also supports the Chinese Government's policy of promoting TCM as an equal treatment to western medicine. CME, including learning Traditional Chinese Medicine Technologies (TCMTs), perform poorly and research into the motivation of health workers to engage in CME is urgently required. Using a discrete choice experiment, this study assessed the CME learning preferences of primary health workers, using TCMT as a case study of CME programs. METHODS: We conducted a discrete choice experiment among health workers in Shandong Province, Guizhou Province, and Henan provinces from July 1, 2021 to October 1, 2022 on the TCMT learning preferences of primary health workers. The mixed logit model and latent class analysis model were used to analyze primary health workers' TCMT learning preferences. RESULTS: A total of 1,063 respondents participated in this study, of which 1,001 (94.2%) passed the consistency test and formed the final sample. Our key finding was that there were three distinct classes of TCMT learners. Overall, the relative importance of the seven attributes impacting the learning of TCMTs were: learning expenses, expected TCMT efficacy, TCMT learning difficulty, TCMT mode of learning, TCMT type, time required to learn, and expected frequency of TCMT use. However, these attributes differed significantly across the three distinct classes of TCMT learners. Infrequent users (class 1) were concerned with learning expenses and learning difficulty; workaholics (class 2) focused on the mode of learning; and pragmatists (class 3) paid more attention to the expected TCMT efficacy and the expected frequency of TCMT use. We recommend targeted strategies to motivate TCMT learning suited to the requirements of each class of TCMT learners. CONCLUSION: Rather than a single TCMT medical education program for primary health workers, CME programs should be targeted at different classes of TCMT learners.

Fine wine recognition and appreciation: It is time to change the paradigm of wine tasting.

Wine quality maybe understood under two perspectives: (a) commercial quality, intended to satisfy overall consumers, and (b) fine wine quality, aimed at achieving a product with aesthetic value. The current food sensory techniques (e.g. Descriptive Analysis) have been successfully applied to develop wines accepted worldwide and characterized by pleasant sweetish flavours and smooth mouthfeel. On the contrary, these techniques are not suited to characterize fine wines given their dependence on sensory properties with aesthetic value. The conventional tasting approaches follow the sequence of vision, smell (orthonasal), taste and mouthfeel, ending by an overall evaluation. The sensory descriptors tend to be analytic (e.g. different aromas and tastes) or synthetic (e.g. body, structure) and the quality judgement is left for the final step. Some synthetic attributes may have an aesthetic significance (e.g. complexity, harmony, depth) and are more valued when the analytic or synthetic descriptors are highly praised (e.g. oakiness, silkiness, body, minerality). Consequently, these highly praised attributes are regarded as surrogates of fine wine quality. However, commercial wines are frequently judged of higher quality than fine wines irrespective of the taster expertise. We argue that the conventional sensory analysis sequence makes the overall evaluation secondary in relation to the previous analytical steps blurring the assessment of wine's aesthetic properties. Probably due to top-down processing, the initial evaluation of colour or flavours governs the final overall quality evaluation that may be inconsistently rated. Then, to promote the recognition of fine wines, tasting should begin by first acknowledging the aesthetic properties and only proceed to the analytical steps if necessary. A tasting method is proposed to consumer educational programs where emotional responses are used to explain the differences between commercial and fine wine styles. Furthermore, cultural aspects should be included to appreciate the wholeness of wine. Hopefully, this holistic perspective would turn wine appreciation more approachable and facilitate the recognition of fine wines among consumers, increasing their appreciation and enjoyment.

Exploring herbal remedy utilization for wound healing: Patterns, patient preferences, and implications for nursing practice.

PURPOSE: The utilization of herbal remedies for wound healing is a notable aspect of traditional medicine practices. Understanding herbal use among patients yields insights for nursing care enhancement. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of herbal remedies for wound healing among diabetic patients. METHODS: A total of 453 participants were enrolled, with demographic data, including age, sex, occupation, education level, residence, ethnic group, distance from health service, herbal use duration, and wound duration presented. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, including means, standard deviations, ranges, and percentages. FINDINGS: The average participant age was 55.39 years, with most being non-civil servant workers (60.3%) and having a low education level (67.1%). Indian almond wood (9.7%) and green betel (6.8%) were the most commonly used herbs for wound healing. Family members were the primary source of information (29.1%), and 43.7% obtained herbs from personal gardens. Although 94.2% of participants did not disclose herbal use to health liaisons, 53.4% used herbs specifically for wound healing. Users reported both positive and negative effects on wounds from various herbs, indicating variability in experiences. However, the consistency of herb usage by individual patients was uncertain. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified diverse herbal remedies used for wound healing among patients, driven by familial recommendations. Usage pattern diversity and effects signal necessity for researching herb safety and efficacy. Clarifying the impact of consistent herb usage on wound healing is essential for understanding patients' preferences and practices. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: These findings emphasize the importance of open communication between patients and healthcare providers regarding herbal remedy use. Nurses should acknowledge patients' preferences for traditional healing practices while ensuring they receive evidence-based care. Patient-centered herbal strategies enhance nursing practice, fostering holistic wound care. Further research can guide nursing interventions, facilitate informed decision-making, and improve patient outcomes.

TUJUAN: Penggunaan terapi herbal untuk penyembuhan luka merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatian pada praktek pengobatan tradisional. Kualitas asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan luka diabetik dapat ditingkatkan dengan memahami pola penggunaan terapi herbal oleh pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik penggunaan terapi herbal untuk menyembuhkan luka oleh individu dengan diabetes. METODE: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah responden berjumlah 453 orang. Data demografis yang diidentifikasi mencakup usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, tempat tinggal, suku bangsa, jarak rumah dari pelayanan kesehatan, durasi penggunaan terapi herbal, dan lama mengalami luka. Analisa data dengan menggunakan statiktik deskriptif yang terdiri dari rerata, standar deviasi, dan persentase. HASIL: Rata-rata usia responden adalah 55,39 tahun, dengan sebagian besar merupakan pekerja non-pegawai negeri sipil (60,3%) dan memiliki tingkat pendidikan rendah (67,1%). Kemiri (9,7%) dan sirih hijau (6,8%) adalah herbal yang paling umum digunakan untuk penyembuhan luka. Anggota keluarga menjadi sumber informasi utama (29,1%) dan mayoritas responden mendapatkan herbal dari kebun pribadi (43,7%). Meskipun 94,2% peserta tidak melaporkan penggunaan herbal kepada tenaga kesehatan, 53,4% menggunakan herbal dengan tujuan untuk menyembuhkan luka. Adanya efek baik positif maupun negatif dari penggunaan terapi herbal yang dilaporkan responden menunjukkan pengalaman penggunaan herbal yang masih bervariasi. Konsistensi penggunaan herbal yang mencakup dosis, cara konsumsi dan cara pengolahan oleh responden secara individu belum dapat disimpulkan. KESIMPULAN: Terapi herbal yang digunakan untuk penyembuhan luka oleh responden pada umumnya merupakan rekomendasi dari keluarga. Keragaman pola penggunaan dan efek menunjukkan perlunya penelitian tentang keamanan dan efektivitas herbal lebih. Teridentifikasinya efek terapi herbal yang konsisten pada penyembuhan luka dapat digunakan untuk pertimbangan mengintegrasikan preferensi pasien pada praktik kesehatan. IMPLIKASI UNTUK PRAKTIK KEPERAWATAN: Hasil penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya komunikasi terbuka antara pasien dan penyedia layanan kesehatan mengenai penggunaan terapi herbal. Perawat penting untuk menghargai preferensi pasien terhadap praktik penyembuhan tradisional dan memastikan bahwa pasien menerima perawatan yang tepat dan efektif. Strategi terapi herbal yang berorientasi pada pasien dapat meningkatkan kualitas praktik keperawatan dan mendukung perawatan luka dilaksanakan secara holistik. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat dijadikan pedoman intervensi keperawatan, dapat memfasilitasi pengambilan keputusan yang terinformasi, dan meningkatkan kualitas hasil perawatan.

Entomophagy practices, use patterns, and factors influencing perception and consumption frequency of edible insects in the Republic of Benin.

BACKGROUND: Edible insects are important sources of essential nutrients and have the potential to contribute to malnutrition reduction and food security in the Republic of Benin. However, their consumption is always restricted to a limited number of sociocultural groups. To determine how the consumption of insects could be promoted as an alternative food source, this study documents the endogenous knowledge associated with edible insects and, the main factors that govern their perception and frequency consumption. METHODS: A survey was conducted towards 479 rural households consuming edible insects through 91 villages of Atacora, Alibori, Zou, and Plateau departments using individual interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire. The survey was focused on the inventory of edible insects and the documentation of consumers' acceptance, frequencies and motive reason of consumption, local uses, and accessibility to edible insects. Samples of edible insects were collected and preserved in 70% alcohol for taxonomic identification. RESULTS: The majority of surveyed people (79.1%) were consumers of edible insects since many years ago (29.1 ± 17.2 years). Insect species belonging to 17 genera of 7 families and 3 orders of insects were used as food, with Brachytrupes membranaceus Drury being the most widespread and consumed. Six factors affecting edible insect availability were identified with the chemical pollution as the most important. Besides their food use (63.2%), edible insects in the study area were used for several purposes. We find that ethnicity, religion, age, education level, and monthly frequency of insect consumption are the main factors influencing the local perception of edible insects. Indeed ethnic group, religion ethnicity, and market accessibility have a positive influence on edible insect consumption frequency. The Hierarchical Clustering of Principal Components has allowed us to classify the interviewees into 3 groups with different perceptions of entomophagy and their characteristics will make it possible to better orient the strategies for promoting entomophagy in the Republic of Benin. CONCLUSIONS: Religion and tradition are among the main factors that influence entomophagy in Benin Republic. The development of a national strategy to promote entomophagy should take into account the recorded insect consumption motivations, and their different uses by each ethnic group, and mainly target young people.

Using natural language processing to characterize and predict homeopathic product-associated adverse events in consumer reviews: comparison to reports to FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

OBJECTIVE: Apply natural language processing (NLP) to Amazon consumer reviews to identify adverse events (AEs) associated with unapproved over the counter (OTC) homeopathic drugs and compare findings with reports to the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were extracted from publicly available Amazon reviews and analyzed using JMP 16 Pro Text Explorer. Topic modeling identified themes. Sentiment analysis (SA) explored consumer perceptions. A machine learning model optimized prediction of AEs in reviews. Reports for the same time interval and product class were obtained from the FAERS public dashboard and analyzed. RESULTS: Homeopathic cough/cold products were the largest category common to both data sources (Amazon = 616, FAERS = 445) and were analyzed further. Oral symptoms and unpleasant taste were described in both datasets. Amazon reviews describing an AE had lower Amazon ratings (X2 = 224.28, P < .0001). The optimal model for predicting AEs was Neural Boosted 5-fold combining topic modeling and Amazon ratings as predictors (mean AUC = 0.927). DISCUSSION: Topic modeling and SA of Amazon reviews provided information about consumers' perceptions and opinions of homeopathic OTC cough and cold products. Amazon ratings appear to be a good indicator of the presence or absence of AEs, and identified events were similar to FAERS. CONCLUSION: Amazon reviews may complement traditional data sources to identify AEs associated with unapproved OTC homeopathic products. This study is the first to use NLP in this context and lays the groundwork for future larger scale efforts.

"I believe " - graduating midwifery students' midwifery philosophies and intentions for their graduate year: A longitudinal descriptive study.

OBJECTIVE: Midwifery graduates may experience transition shock that makes them question their fit for their workplace and the profession and in extreme cases, may lead to them leaving. Understanding graduate midwives' worldviews, job intentions and work experiences is important to inform retention strategies. Factors such as having a strong professional identity and experiencing strong job satisfaction are important for midwife retention. Conversely, stress, trauma and work-life imbalances are examples of factors that lead to attrition from midwifery. Transition shock experienced by some graduates can exacerbate these factors if not managed effectively. This study aimed to identify causes and impact of any changes in graduate and early career midwives' philosophy, practice, and intention to stay in the profession. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We invited the 2021 and 2022 cohorts of graduating midwifery students from all educational pathways in Victoria, Australia to participate in a longitudinal descriptive study using a questionnaire with both closed and open -ended questions. This paper reports the findings from 16 participants that completed the first survey of a five-year longitudinal descriptive study. FINDINGS: The sixteen participants predominantly held a woman centred philosophy and ideally wanted to work in a midwife-led model of care. Although excited about moving into practice, they also disclosed a sense of needing to 'survive' in a maternity care system that their beliefs were not fully in alignment with. KEY CONCLUSIONS: The hopes, expectations and concerns of midwifery students who are anticipating moving into practice in this study resonate with those previously reported and demonstrate the need to consider personality-job fit in supporting this vulnerable group to transition. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study provides insights into graduating midwives' hopes for, expectations of, and concerns about transitioning into practice that may inform the design of transition programs and support expansion of midwifery led models of care.

Patient Preferences in Metastatic Breast Cancer Care: A Scoping Review.

People with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have diverse medical, physical, and psychosocial needs that require multidimensional care. Understanding patient preferences is crucial to tailor treatments, services, and foster patient-centered care. A scoping review was performed to summarize the current evidence on the preferences of people with MBC regarding their care to identify knowledge gaps and key areas for future research. The Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycInfo databases were searched. Twenty studies enrolling 3354 patients met the study eligibility criteria. Thirteen quantitative studies, four mixed methods studies, and three qualitative studies were included. Seven studies captured healthcare provider perspectives; thirteen studies evaluated patient preferences relating specifically to cancer treatments; three studies evaluated preferences relating to supportive care; and four studies evaluated communication and decision-making preferences. The current literature evaluating MBC patient preferences is heterogeneous with a focus on cancer treatments. Future research should explore patient preferences relating to multidisciplinary, multi-modal care that aims to improve quality of life. Understanding MBC patient preferences regarding their comprehensive care can help tailor healthcare delivery, enhance the patient experience, and improve outcomes.

Drivers of physician decision-making and patient perspectives across lines of therapy in multiple myeloma in the USA.

Aim: To explore treatment selection for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), which remains complex due to heterogeneity of available treatments and lack of defined standard of care. Patients & methods: The Adelphi Real World MM Disease Specific Programme surveyed physicians in the USA and their patients with MM to collect real-world data on patterns and perceptions of MM treatment across lines of therapy (LOT). Results: Triplets were the most common regimens across each LOT. Physicians reported efficacy-related factors, health insurance coverage, and clinical guidelines as key determinants of treatment choice regardless of LOT. Patients identified better quality of life as the most important treatment benefit. Conclusion: The DSP RW data highlight drivers of RRMM treatment choice from physicians' and patients' perspectives and need for a more holistic approach to guidelines and clinical trials that encompasses patient perspectives.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer of white blood cells. Treatments tend to become less effective when taken for long periods of time, meaning that patients often receive several different treatments over the course of their disease. Many different drugs and drug combinations are now available for patients with MM. As there is no standardized approach for the treatment of MM, it can be challenging for physicians to choose between the various complex treatment options for their patients, and the key factors that influence physicians' treatment choices remain unclear. In this study, we used information from a survey of physicians and their patients with MM in the USA to investigate which treatments were used most commonly and how physicians and patients made decisions about their treatment. We found that patients with MM were typically treated with a combination of three drugs which differed between patients. When deciding which treatment to prescribe to their patients, physicians primarily considered factors related to how well a treatment works and, in-turn, prolong a patient's life, but this was also considered by physicians to be an area for improvement. While patients also favored treatments associated with a longer life, they more commonly favored those associated with a better quality of life. These findings show that quality of life is important to patients receiving treatment for MM and should be taken into account by physicians when choosing a treatment for their patients.