Undifferentiated Cells of Tessaria absinthioides with High Nutritional Value and Health-Promoting Phytochemicals. An Approach Based on Plant Cellular Agriculture.

In vitro cultures of undifferentiated plant cells of Tessaria absinthioides, a native herb popularly recognized and used for its health benefits, were studied as potential food supplements. These tissues were incubated under two light conditions, and the biomass obtained was freeze-dried and oven-dried. To evaluate their nutritional value, their physicochemical and functional properties were determined. Although in some cases there were significant differences in the results according to the drying methodology applied, all these tissues presented a high proportion of proteins (23.6-28.3%), a low percentage of fats (< 2%) constituted mainly by phytosterols, and a significant amount of crude fibers (6.9-9.0%) and ashes (> 10%). In addition, the freeze-dried calli resulted in a product with better functional properties. On the other hand, their phytochemical profiles and antioxidant capacity were studied and compared with tissues from wild specimens and with green tea and chamomile as reference extracts.

Metabolite Profiling of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis In Vitro Cultures with Different Levels of Differentiation.

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is an aromatic and medicinal plant of high economic value. Much research has focused on the phytochemistry and biological activities of Gardenia fruit extracts; however, the potential of the Gardenia plant in vitro cultures used as mass production systems of valuable secondary metabolites has been understudied. This paper presents data on metabolite profiling (GC/MS and HPLC), antioxidant activities (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and CUPRAC), and SSR profiles of G. jasminoides plant leaves and in vitro cultures with different levels of differentiation (shoots, callus, and cell suspension). The data show strong correlations (r = 0.9777 to r = 0.9908) between antioxidant activity and the concentrations of chlorogenic acid, salicylic acid, rutin, and hesperidin. Eleven co-dominant microsatellite simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers were used to evaluate genetic variations (average PIC = 0.738 ± 0.153). All of the investigated Gardenia in vitro cultures showed high genetic variabilities (average Na = 5.636 ± 2.157, average Ne = 3.0 ± 1.095). This is the first report on a study on metabolite profiles, antioxidant activities, and genetic variations of G. jasminoides in vitro cultures with different levels of differentiation.

[Research progress on culture technologies,chemical components,and pharmacological activities of Saussurea involucrata cells].

Saussurea involucrata,a traditional Chinese medicinal material,is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with cold-dampness blockage syndrome,cold pain in lower abdomen,and menstrual irregularities. However,due to the specific habitat,low natural reproduction rate,slow growth,and overexploitation,it is at the high risk of extinction. S. involucrata cells can be obtained through callus culture,suspension culture,and hairy root culture. This study highlighted the influences of reactor type,culture system,precursor,elicitor type, and light wavelength on the suspension culture of S. involucrate cells. The chemical components of S. involucrata cells mainly include phenylpropanoids,flavonoids,lignans,and steroids,among which phenylpropanoids are the most abundant. S. involucrata cells have multiple pharmacological activities of anti-inflammation,analgesia,activating blood and resolving stasis,immunoregulation,increasing bone density,lowering blood lipids,anti-hypoxia,anti-exercise fatigue,anti-radiation,anti-obesity,and anti-oxidation. Moreover,it has the potential of treating aplastic anemia. This study reviews the cell culture technologies,chemical components,and pharmacological activities of S. involucrata cells,laying a basis for the further research,development,and utilization.

Research progress on culture technologies,chemical components,and pharmacological activities of Saussurea involucrata cells / 中国中药杂志

Saussurea involucrata,a traditional Chinese medicinal material,is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with cold-dampness blockage syndrome,cold pain in lower abdomen,and menstrual irregularities. However,due to the specific habitat,low natural reproduction rate,slow growth,and overexploitation,it is at the high risk of extinction. S. involucrata cells can be obtained through callus culture,suspension culture,and hairy root culture. This study highlighted the influences of reactor type,culture system,precursor,elicitor type, and light wavelength on the suspension culture of S. involucrate cells. The chemical components of S. involucrata cells mainly include phenylpropanoids,flavonoids,lignans,and steroids,among which phenylpropanoids are the most abundant. S. involucrata cells have multiple pharmacological activities of anti-inflammation,analgesia,activating blood and resolving stasis,immunoregulation,increasing bone density,lowering blood lipids,anti-hypoxia,anti-exercise fatigue,anti-radiation,anti-obesity,and anti-oxidation. Moreover,it has the potential of treating aplastic anemia. This study reviews the cell culture technologies,chemical components,and pharmacological activities of S. involucrata cells,laying a basis for the further research,development,and utilization.