A study of the delayed linear expansion of a dental stone type IV

Na presente pesquisa, foi verificada a expansäo do gesso tipo IV quando da adiçäo de água, de gesso tipo II, de gesso tipo III e de tipo IV. Os incrementos, tanto de água quanto de gessos, foram feitos nos tempos de 10, 30 e 90 minutos após a espatulaçäo do gesso de base (tipo IV). Todos os incrementos causaram aumento na expansäo normal de presa (ENP), alcançando valores como 300 por cento e 400 por cento, sendo que esses valores eram independentes do tempo para o incremento

Hydration and occlusion treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids.

In 31 patients with hypertrophic scars or keloids, a side by side test was carried out to check the efficacy of an occlusive dressing technique using cream which did not contain silicone oil, versus a simple application of vaseline, used as a control. In all cases, the cream treated areas of scar and keloid demonstrated a remarkable improvement over that of the vaseline treated area. These findings strongly suggest that the mechanisms of hydration and occlusion are the main basis of the therapeutic action of this method in treating hypertrophic scars and keloids.

Comparison between sterile saline and tap water for the cleaning of acute traumatic soft tissue wounds.

OBJECTIVE: To find out if there were any differences in infection rates if acute traumatic soft tissue wounds were cleaned with tap water instead of sterile saline. DESIGN: Randomised study. SETTING: Emergency department at one city hospital. SUBJECTS: 705 consecutive patient with soft tissue wounds less than six hours old that did not penetrate a viscus, cavity, or joint and could be treated by primary suture. INTERVENTIONS: Randomly allocated to have the wound cleaned with either sterile saline or tap water in addition to debridement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Rate of wound infection, the presence of which was indicated by pus in the wound and prolonged healing. RESULTS: The infection rate in wounds cleaned with sterile saline was 10.3% compared with 5.4% in wounds cleaned with tap water (p less than 0.05). Infected wounds were significantly larger than uninfected ones (p less than 0.05) and more likely to be located on a lower extremity (p less than 0.05). There were no microbiological differences between the two groups, and no bacterial species grown from tap water was subsequently grown from an infected wound. CONCLUSION: Sterile saline should be replaced by tap water for the cleaning of acute traumatic superficial soft tissue wounds.

[Therapeutic use of the method of water immersion in a patient with ascites in uncompensated cirrhosis of the liver]. / Wykorzystanie terapeutyczne metody immersji wodnej u chorej z wodobrzuszem w przebiegu niewyrównanej marskosci watroby.

Water immersion was used as the treatment method in a patient with ascites caused by liver cirrhosis resistant to therapy. Application of water immersion caused only a short improvement; it was probably connected with the shortterm natriuretic effect. The joint effect of a diuretics and of the water immersion was beneficial.

The effect of sterile water blocks on low back labor pain.

To evaluate the analgesic effect of intradermal sterile water blocks, 272 women in labor complaining of severe low back pain were randomly assigned to treatment with either sterile water or saline solution blocks. Pain intensity was assessed on a visual analog scale, before the blocks were given and again 1 and 2 hours later. The groups were equal with regard to age, parity, fetal size, progression of labor, and initial pain scoring. Pain scoring 1 and 2 hours after the blocks were given showed a significantly higher degree of analgesia in the sterile water group. No adverse effects were noted, and patient acceptability was high.

DG-6: su empleo como solución irrigadora en endodoncia / DG-6: its use as an irrigant solution in endodontics

La irrigación, maniobra importante durante el tratamiento de los conductos radiculares es empleada antes, durante y después de la instrumentación; esta solución no deberá producir daños periapicales y más bien favorecer al cierre biológico apical. Más de 10 años de experiencia en el empleo del DG-6 (detergente sintético) nos permite afirmar que con su empleo se podrá faciliar ampliamente la biomecánica obteniendo resultados altamente satisfactorios

Treatment of neck and shoulder pain in whip-lash syndrome patients with intracutaneous sterile water injections.

Ten whip-lash syndrome patients treated with intracutaneous triggerpoint injections with sterile water for pain relief were followed for 2 months. Pain intensity was evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Eight patients became free from pain (VAS 0) and two patients improved to VAS 2 immediately after the treatment. Nine patients remained free from pain, three of them after one treatment, while six patients needed 2-4 treatments. One patient responded only a few hours after each of three treatments. Remarkably, with the relief of pain mobility was normalised in all patients. The method is suggested to be a first choice in the treatment of not only whip-lash patients but also for most acute and chronic musculo-skeletal triggerpoint pain syndromes.

Foot soaks for callosities and fissures.

A study to assess the effect of soap soaks and plain water soaks on the dry anaesthetic sole of 15 leprosy patients bearing multiple fissures and callouses is reported. A callous scraper devised by us was found effective. It is recommended that a hypotonic keratolytic solution such as toilet soap or plain water be used for soaking which has the effect of softening the keratin. It may be better to use soap solution for this purpose.

Mast cell tumor destruction by deionized water.

In a controlled study, malignant murine P815 mastocytoma cells exposed in vitro to distilled and deionized water died as a result of progressive swelling, degranulation, and membrane rupture. A 90% mean cell death occurred when cells obtained directly from culture were exposed to deionized water for 2 minutes. Of 6 cryopreserved malignant murine cell lines, which included Cloudman S91 melanoma, CMT-93 rectum carcinoma, MMT-06052 mammary carcinoma, and S-180 Sarcoma, only P815 mastocytoma and YAC-1 lymphoma were significantly (P less than 0.05) affected by hypotonic shock; Cloudman S91 melanoma cells were the most resistant. Mastocytoma cells were selectively killed by hypotonic solution, and lymphoma cells were also killed by isotonic saline solution. Local mast cell tumor (MCT) recurrence and percentage survival were evaluated in 12 cats (21 MCT) and 54 dogs (85 MCT) subjected to surgery alone or local infiltration of deionized water as an adjunct to surgery. Of all 16 incompletely excised MCT in cats, there was no local recurrence following injection. Four mast cell tumors (2 cats) regressed after being injected in situ. In dogs with clinical stage-I MCT, local recurrence was detected in 50% (5/10), but with injection after incomplete excision, local MCT recurrence was significantly (P less than 0.05) less (6.6%, 1/15). Percentage recurrence was significantly (P less than 0.05) less and survival significantly greater when incompletely excised grade-II MCT were injected. Mean follow-up period after surgery in cats and dogs was 35 and 23.4 months, respectively.

Tratamiento de la taquicardía paróxistica supraventricular por inmersión de la cara en agua helada: experiencia de 10 casos en edad pediátrica / Treatment of supraventricular paroxistic tachycardia with inmersion of face in ice water: an experience of la cases in pediatric age

Se presentan 10 caso de TPS en edad pediátrica, la mitad lactantes de un mes o menos de vida a quienes se sometió a la maniobra de inmersión de la cara en agua helada (IFAH), con resultados altamente positivos. Se detallan las circunstancias clínicas de aparición y se destaca la ausencia de cardiopatía asociada en todos los casos. El Síndrome de pre-excitación de o W-p-W, se constató en forma evidente, después de la taquicardia en 3 de los 10 casos, proporción concordante con otras experiencias publicadas. Se concluye que esta es una maniobra de eleccción y segura para el tratamiento de la TPS en edad pediátrica, especialmente en niños de 6 meses o 1 año de vida (AU)

Tratamiento de la taquicardía paróxistica supraventricular por inmersión de la cara en agua helada: experiencia de 10 casos en edad pediátrica / Treatment of supraventricular paroxistic tachycardia with inmersion of face in ice water: an experience of la cases in pediatric age

Se presentan 10 caso de TPS en edad pediátrica, la mitad lactantes de un mes o menos de vida a quienes se sometió a la maniobra de inmersión de la cara en agua helada (IFAH), con resultados altamente positivos. Se detallan las circunstancias clínicas de aparición y se destaca la ausencia de cardiopatía asociada en todos los casos. El Síndrome de pre-excitación de o W-p-W, se constató en forma evidente, después de la taquicardia en 3 de los 10 casos, proporción concordante con otras experiencias publicadas. Se concluye que esta es una maniobra de eleccción y segura para el tratamiento de la TPS en edad pediátrica, especialmente en niños de 6 meses o 1 año de vida

[Antispasmodic effect of warm water administered in aerosols or parenteral injections]. / Effets antispasmodiques d'une eau thermale administrée en aérosols et en injections parentérales.

The aerosol of thermal water given just before the administration of spasmogenic substances did not prevent the histamine or acetylcholine induced bronchospasm. After a daily parenteral dose of thermal water during 21 days, a systemic delay of the bronchospasm induced by both mediators was observed. With arsenic pretreatment the delay in onset of bronchospasm was shorter.

Water Piks: wound cleansing alternative.

Debridement of necrotic tissue is essential for healing open or infected wounds. The Water Pik is a therapeutic device that assists in the removal of necrotic tissue. The Water Pik is inexpensive, easily available, and may be used with few contraindications.

[Liver resection by water jet].

Major problem in resecting liver parenchyma is how to control the bleeding. Recently, resection of the liver by water jet has been reported. So, experimental and clinical studies were performed to investigate the usefulness of the water jet equipment. Ten pigs weighing around 17kg were used. The optimal pressure to resect the porcine liver was 7 to 15kg/cm2. By 4 weeks the cut surface was covered with fibrous capsule. Portal angiography showed no abnormality in the resected area. The water jet was also used in 30 human operations. The optimal pressure was 12 to 18kg/cm2 for non cirrhotic liver and 15 to 20kg/cm2 for cirrhotic liver. The surface immediately after jet cutting was more smooth than that of CUSA and histologically there was slight bleeding and necrosis. The volume of blood loss during dissection was not different between water jet group and CUSA group. No significant changes were found in the laboratory data. These results suggest that water jet is as useful as CUSA for cutting the liver parenchyma.

Heavy water delays growth of human carcinoma in nude mice.

Deuterium-enriched water has an antiproliferative effect on transplantable mouse tumors without toxic side effects. Since the response to treatment of human carcinomas growing in nude mice is deemed to be a good indicator of the potential clinical behavior of these tumors, we studied the influence of this stable isotope of hydrogen on the growth of xenotransplanted human carcinomas of various histologic types, grades, and primary sites. Seven-week-old Balb/c-nu/nu mice were inoculated subcutaneously, either with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas or with carcinomas of the large intestine. After tumor inoculation, the mice were given drinking water containing 30 atom% D2O. Heavy water effectively retarded the growth of the human carcinomas. At the end of the experiment, the weight of the tumors was reduced to values ranging from 22% to 65% of the control values. The reproducible antiproliferative effect was more conspicuous in poorly differentiated carcinomas than in moderately well-differentiated variants. Since animals in both groups, kept under identical conditions, drank the same amount of water and had similar body weights, the difference in tumor growth can be attributed to the moderate deuteration of the hosts.

Acidifying enemas (lactitol and lactose) vs. nonacidifying enemas (tap water) to treat acute portal-systemic encephalopathy: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

A double-blind, controlled trial to study the efficacy of acidifying enemas of lactitol, a new galactoside-sorbitol disaccharide, and lactose vs. nonacidifying tap-water enemas was performed in 45 episodes of acute portal-systemic encephalopathy. At the time of randomization, all patients had encephalopathy of at least Grade 2+ severity, delay in the performance of number connection tests and hyperammonemia. A sequential analysis was performed which revealed after the inclusion of the first 20 patients, a significant failure of the nonacidifying enemas as compared to the lactitol enemas (p less than 0.004). The tap-water enema group was, therefore, suspended but the rest of the study continued after rerandomization for lactose and lactitol groups. A favorable response to treatment was obtained in 19 (86%) of the patients receiving lactitol enemas and in 14 (78%) of those receiving lactose enemas. A similar significant improvement in portal-systemic encephalopathy parameters and index was observed after both treatments. Both types of acidifying enemas induced a significant pH decrease in stool (p less than 0.05). These data suggest that acidifying agents like lactose and lactitol are effective and superior to tap-water enemas for the treatment of acute nitrogenous portal-systemic encephalopathy.