The human-companion animal bond: how humans benefit.

The human-animal bond is extremely important to most clients of small animal veterinary practices. Pet ownership, or just being in the presence of a companion animal, is associated with health benefits, including improvements in mental, social, and physiologic health status. This article provides the research data regarding the human health benefits of companion animals, animal-assisted therapy, animal-assisted activities, and assistance animals; reviews measures that can be taken to enable safe pet ownership for the immunocompromised, and discusses the veterinarian's role in supporting immune-compromised clients and clients who have assistance animals. Client education and enhanced veterinary care can reduce the risk from zoonotic diseases, even for the immunocompromised.

Attitudes to animal-assisted therapy with farm animals among health staff and farmers.

Green care is a concept that involves the use of farm animals, plants, gardens or the landscape in cooperation with health institutions for different target groups of clients. The present study aimed at examining psychiatric therapists' (n = 60) and farmers' (n = 15) knowledge, experience and attitudes to Green care and animal-assisted therapy (AAT) with farm animals for people with psychiatric disorders. Most respondents had some or large knowledge about Green care, but experience with Green care was generally low in both groups. Both farmers and therapists believed that AAT with farm animals could contribute positively to therapy to a large or very large extent, with farmers being significantly more positive. Most of the therapists thought that AAT with farm animals contributes to increased skills in interactions with other humans, with female therapists being more positive than males. Two-thirds of the therapists believed that AAT with farm animals to a large extent could contribute better to mental health than other types of occupational therapy. There were no differences in attitudes to AAT between psychiatrists/psychologists and psychiatric nurses. This study confirms the marked potential of offering AAT services with farm animals for psychiatric patients by documenting positive attitudes to it among psychiatric therapists.

Use of animal-assisted therapy in the rehabilitation of an assault victim with a concurrent mood disorder.

Multidisciplinary mental health rehabilitation settings often encounter patients with complex comorbid medical and psychiatric issues that require integrative, multifaceted treatment strategies. Although medication and psychotherapy are typical treatment mainstays, a broader variety of therapeutic options are available, including animal-assisted therapy. Here we describe a patient who received animal-assisted therapy as a psychiatric rehabilitation tool to ameliorate his atypical depression following an assault and subsequent head injury. A review of the relevant literature highlights the therapeutic potential of animal-assisted therapy to restore and maintain patient independence and level of functioning, both of which are key treatment goals.

Enhancing human-animal relationships through veterinary medical instruction in animal-assisted therapy and animal-assisted activities.

Instruction in animal-assisted therapy (AAT) and animal-assisted activities (AAAs) teaches veterinary medical students to confidently and assertively maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of this union of animals and people. Instruction in AAT/AAA also addresses requirements by the American Veterinary Medical Association Council on Education that accredited schools/colleges of veterinary medicine include in their standard curriculum the topics of the human-animal bond, behavior, and the contributions of the veterinarian to the overall public and professional health care teams. Entry-level veterinarians should be prepared to: (1) assure that animals who provide AAT/AAA are healthy enough to visit nursing homes, hospitals, or other institutions; (2) promote behavior testing that selects animals who will feel safe, comfortable, and connected; (3) advise facilities regarding infection control and ways to provide a safe environment where the animals, their handlers, and the people being visited will not be injured or become ill; and (4) advocate for their patients and show compassion for their clients when animals are determined to be inappropriate participants in AAT/AAA programs. This article presents AAT/AAA terminology, ways in which veterinarians can advocate for AAT/AAA, the advantages of being involved in AAT/AAA, a model AAT/AAA practicum from Tuskegee University's School of Veterinary Medicine (TUSVM), and examples of co-curricular activities in AAT/AAA by TUSVM's student volunteers.

The healing power of dogs: Cocoa's story.

Animals bring a sense of "at homeness" and even normalcy to people who are hospitalized or live in health care facilities. Illnesses, separation from family, fear, loneliness, and even depression may be lessened for those who receive a therapy dog visit by providing a welcome change in routine and something to look forward to. Individuals are often more active and responsive during and after a visit. Just stroking and petting a dog requires the use of hands and arms, as well as the motions of stretching and turning. Dogs are also unconcerned with age or physical ability; they accept people as they are. This alone causes many to reach out and interact with dogs. Animals provide a focus for conversation and a common interest. As Cocoa's human partner can attest, a pet also makes it easier for strangers to talk. Cocoa is known by so many people at the facilities she visits that residents' family members often stop to talk with "Cocoa's mom" when they meet her in the community, asking questions about how Cocoa is doing. When Cocoa is no longer able to perform her services, many in her community will mourn. Cocoa's story, as well as the limited research literature, supports the positive physical and psychological effects of animals, but continued research on the effect of therapy animals on health outcomes is needed. As advocates for clients, nurses are in key positions to facilitate the inclusion of animals in clients' care. Although not for everyone, including those who react negatively to animals or who are allergic, pet therapy offers important possibilities for providing holistic care that extends not only to clients, but also to family members and staff, and to the pets themselves.

Visita terapéutica de mascotas en hospitales / Animal- assisted therapy in health care facilities

La visita terapéutica de mascotas a pacientes hospitalizados es un programa de intervención que tiene importantes beneficios en el manejo de pacientes con patologías crónicas y hospitalizaciones prolongadas. La interrelación que se produce entre los pacientes y los animales facilita la adaptación a un ambiente nuevo y estresante como el hospitalario, ayudando con ello no sólo a disminuir la ansiedad, el estrés, el dolor y la presión arterial, sino también incrementar la movilidad y fuerza muscular. Esta modalidad de terapia puede ser llevada a cabo por la propia mascota o por animales especialmente entrenados. El perro es el animal más utilizado por su facilidad de entrenamiento y sociabilidad. Tanto los pacientes como los animales que participan en estos programas, requieren de una serie de cuidados para evitar la transmisión de zoonosis, evitar fenómenos alérgicos y accidentes durante la visita. La incorporación de visitas terapéuticas de mascotas a pacientes hospitalizados requiere de una constante revisión de guías y objetivos del programa.

[Animal- assisted therapy in health care facilities]. / Visita terapéutica de mascotas en hospitales.

Animal-assisted therapy is a novel interventional program with important benefits in the management of patients with chronic diseases and prolonged hospitalization. The relationship between animals and patients facilitates adaptation to a new, stressing hospital environment, helps in diminishing anxiety, stress, pain and blood pressure and increases mobility and muscular strength. This therapy can be developed by pets themselves or by specially trained animals. Dogs are the most frequently used animals because of their training and sociability skills. Patients and animals participating in these programs require special care in order to avoid transmission of infectious diseases associated with pets, hypersensitivity and accidents during their visits. Implementation of animal - assisted therapy in care centers requires a permanent revision of suggested guidelines and program objectives.

Benefits of pet therapy in dementia.

Pet therapy is a centuries-old treatment approach. The new news is that pet therapy is now being validated via scientific and anecdotal data proving its effectiveness. This article shows that pet therapy is worth considering for the care plan of persons with dementia.

Help from our animal friends.

Animal-assisted therapy has gained widespread support and application in the past few decades. Learn its present goals and applications, including those pertinent to critical care.

Les etats depressifs chez l'animal / The depressives states in animals

L'etat depressif chez les animaux destines a la consommation humaine n'est prisen compte par personne. Seuls nousinteressent nos animaux de compagnie et surtout les chiens.L'appreciation des troubles se fait sur le mode anthropomorphique malheureusement.La genese de ces pathologies comportementales est le fait de l'homme. La separation precoce des parents et des freres et soeurs nuit a la socialisation dans l'espece et interspecifique. La mouvaise appreciation de la fonction de l'animal, nos comportements induisant une infantilisation de notre compagnon sont les facteurs declenchants de divers types de depressions. La prevention et la reponse therapeutique sont une meilleure appreciation des besoins de nos animaux