RESUMEN
Albendazole is known as the drug of choice for medical treatment of cystic echinococcosis (CE). Albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ-SO), as the main active metabolite of albendazole, has low efficacy in the disease due to low water solubility and poor absorptivity. PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) enhance the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs, and chitosan (CS) coating enhances oral drug delivery of NPs. In this study, the efficacy of ABZ-SO-loaded CS-PGLA NPs in the treatment of CE was evaluated in laboratory mice. ABZ-SO-loaded CS-PGLA NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation and characterized by dynamic light scattering method and scanning electron microscopy. Thirty mice were intraperitoneally infected by 1000 protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus. Ten months later, the mice were allocated into 3 groups: groups 1 and 2 were treated with ABZ-SO and ABZ-SO-loaded CS-PGLA NPs, respectively, and the mice in group 3 remained untreated as the control group. The drugs were administered by gavage for 45 days at a daily dose of 10 mg/kg. Finally, all mice were opened and the cysts were collected, counted, weighed, and measured separately. The therapeutic effect of ABZ-SO in the number, weight, and volume of the cysts were not statistically significant compared with those in ABZ-SO-loaded CS-PGLA NPs and the control group. However, the therapeutic effect of ABZ-SO-loaded CS-PGLA NPs in the weight and volume of cysts were statistically significant when compared with that in the control group (p Ë 0.05). In conclusions, this study revealed that ABZ-SO-loaded CS-PGLA NPs could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ABZ-SO in the treatment of CE in laboratory mice.
Asunto(s)
Albendazol/análogos & derivados , Antiplatelmínticos/administración & dosificación , Quitosano/química , Equinococosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Administración Oral , Albendazol/administración & dosificación , Albendazol/química , Animales , Antiplatelmínticos/química , Quitosano/administración & dosificación , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Echinococcus granulosus/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Nanopartículas/administración & dosificación , Nanopartículas/química , Ácido Poliglicólico/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Experimental research was carried out at the Parasitology and Chemistry laboratories of the Jorge Basadre Grohmann National University, in Tacna. The process involved two phases: (1) determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cucurbita Maxima as an antiparasitic agent using canine tapeworms with an intestinal isolation of 5 to 6 hours, and (2) determination of the side-effects of Curbita Maxima on exposed albino rats. It was found that the MIC of 23 gr. of pumpkin seed in 100 ml. of distilled water can produce an antihelminthic effect. This concentration is equivalent to +/- 73 pumpkin seeds (x2 = 5.6, p<0.01). Macroscopically, alterations in helminthic motility are present at a dose of > 23 gr. There is a protheolithic effect with an average survival time of 38.4 minutes. Microscopically the mature proglottids present a destruction of the tegument involving the basal membrane. In the gravid proglottids there is egg destruction. These findings are accentuated when experimenting with Cucurbita Maxima in a concentration of 30 and 32 gr. Superficial non-erosive gastritis was found in weys rats after 4 hours of administering 9 gr/kg.
Asunto(s)
Cucurbita , Fitoterapia/métodos , Preparaciones de Plantas/administración & dosificación , Semillas , Teniasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Antiplatelmínticos/administración & dosificación , Antiplatelmínticos/efectos adversos , Perros , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Fitoterapia/efectos adversos , Preparaciones de Plantas/efectos adversos , Ratas , Taenia/efectos de los fármacos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The study was undertaken to examine the fasciolacidal activity of the agents G-1411, G-1423, and G-1439. Tested, G-1439 was chosen for detailed investigations as a non-toxic fasciolacide.